the french revolution, cont.. the revolution advances national assembly voted to curtail king’s...
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THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.
THE REVOLUTION ADVANCES
National Assembly voted to curtail King’s power
King called in troops
Women staged protest
Marched to Versailles
Brought King back to Paris under guard
National Assembly now ruling in name of “nation”
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.
THE REVOLUTION ADVANCES
By end of 1789, all Paris in ferment
Proliferation of clubs & salons
JACOBINS: most radical, take leading role
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.
THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY AT WORK
Tried to resolve fiscal crisis & work out new laws
Targeted Catholic Church for sweeping changes
Attack on church caused popular backlash
Revolution began to lose support from masses
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.
LOUIS XVI’S EFFORTS
Attempted escape from France
But captured & brought back under house arrest
Captors discover anti-constitutional plot
Anti-monarchical forces gain support
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.
THE CONSTITUTION OF 1791
Created limited monarchy with clear separation of powers
Elections based on fairly wide suffrage
Women denied political rights
Civil & political equality extended to Jews
But denied to free Blacks in Caribbean
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.
FOREIGN THREATS
Counter-revolutionary aristocrats enlist Austrian & Prussian support
Louis pressured to declare war on Austria
France’s disorganized army defeated
Anti-monarchical feeling grows
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.
THE SANS-CULOTTES
Ordinary Parisians took matters into their own hands
Arrested king, Aug. 1792
Dissolved Assembly, created NATIONAL CONVENTION
elections based on universal manhood suffrage
established republic
Executed Louis, Jan. 1793
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.
THE TERROR
COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY created
Arrested moderate Girondins
Maximilien Robespierre pushes for use of “terror”
LAW OF SUSPECTS passed
Steady stream of arrests, executions began, Oct. 1793
Resulted in over 36,000 deaths
Death of Jean-Paul Marat
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.
REFORMS OF THE NATIONAL CONVENTION
Radical changes
Lowered food prices, extended education, abolished slavery, legalized divorce
LEVEE EN MASSE
Standardized weights & measures, changed calendar
Tried to replace Christianity with Cult of the Supreme Being
Outlawed women’s political participation
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.
END OF THE TERROR
Robespierre executed so many, lost base of support
French Army defeated Austrians, ends state of emergency
Convention moved against Robespierre & co.
Executed July 28, 1794