the following exercises are provided to test your knowledge of the concepts dealt with in lecture...

8/13/2019 The Following Exercises Are Provided to Test Your Knowledge of the Concepts Dealt With in Lecture Topics 1

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The following exercises are provided to test your knowledge of the conceptsdealt with in lecture topics 1-4 and 6 as well as the tutorial topic on theInternational Phonetic Alphabet An answer sheet is also provided

1 !hat are the active and passive articulators in the following"

i velar nasal stopii central uvular fricativeiii alveolar lateral approxi#antiv

velar e$ective

v retroflex approxi#ant

% Provide phonetic notation for any three sounds produced on an ingressiveairstrea#

& Provide phonetic notation for any five front vowels

4 Provide phonetic notation for any three open 'low( vowels

) Provide phonetic notation for any two different lateral consonants

6 *ircle the place's( of articulation at which lateral consonants can be producedbilabial

labiodental

alveolaruvular

+ Provide phonetic notation for any four sounds whose active articulator is theback of the tongue

, !hich of the following co#binations are not possible

activearticulator

passivearticulator

lower lip upper teethback of tongue alveolar ridgeback of tongue upper lipback of tongue uvula

tongue tip hard palatetongue blade uvula

.!hich of the following productions are not possiblecentral nasal oralfricativecentral lateral nasal stoporal approxi#ant


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lateral approxi#antlateral fricativelateral nasal stop1/ !hich vocal organ provides the #ain source of power in producing e$ectivesand i#plosives

11 0riefly describe the production of clicks

1% efine secondary articulation

1& !hat diacritic is added when transcribing labialised sounds

14 *ircle the sounds that are produced with nasal airflow"

lwv#

23

1) *ircle the labial sounds"vn

d

uw

16 *ircle the sounds in which the passive articulator is the uvular"knu

1+ *ircle the sounds that are produced with co#plete closure at the alveolarridge"

st

n

1, Provide phonetic na#es for the feature classes 5aryngeal Airstrea# Place7asality 8tricture for the speech sounds listed belowi #ii 9iii iv

v vi

1. :ive phonetic notation for the following speech sounds"

ibreathy alveolar lateralapproxi#ant

ii voiced retroflex oral stopiii voiceless lateral fricativeiv creaky alveolar fricative


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v alveolar lateral click

%/ In a certain language consonants are palatalised before close 'high( frontvowels and velarised before close 'high( back vowels ;ake any changes to the

consonants on the left that precede the vowels on the right in accordance withthis rule If no change is necessary write 7*i t y

iif

iii

k i

%1 In a certain language close 'high( vowels beco#e glides '#aintaining theirfronting and rounding features( when they precede other close vowels ;ake anychanges to the vowels on the left that precede the vowels on the right inaccordance with this rule If no change is necessary write 7*

i u yii < uivalent sounds produced with lip-rounding"i ?ii$

%6 0riefly explain why the following notation is not possible"i uii diii

#

%+ :ive a brief definition of what is #eant by the following labels"i glottalicii breathyiii velarisediv

ingressive

%, Provide phonetic notation for any two speech sounds that confor# to thefollowing description"i the soft-palate is lowered@ the airstrea# #echanis# is velaricii the vocal folds are co#pletely closed at so#e stage during the production of

the sound

iii the tip of the tongue #akes a co#plete closure against the alveolar ridgeiv

the blade of the tongue is raised towards the hard-palate but without #aking aco#plete closure

%. efine a diphthong

&/ :ive three criteria for distinguishing consonants fro# vowels


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:7BA5 PCD7TI*8

BEI8ID7 FB*I88

A78!B 8CT

1 !hat are the active and passive articulators in the following"

A*TIE PA88IEi velar nasal stop back of

tongue

soft palate

ii central uvular fricative back of

tongue

uvula

iii alveolar lateral

approxi#ant

tongue tip alveolar

ridgeiv

velar e$ective back of

tongue

soft palate

v retroflex approxi#ant tongue tip hard palate

2. Provide phonetic notation for any three sounds produced on an ingressive airstream.

3etc


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& Provide phonetic notation for any five front vowels

ie ay 3k

etc

, !hich of the following co#binations are not possible

active

articulator

passive

articulatorback of tongue alveolar ridgeback of tongue upper liptongue blade uvula

.!hich of the following productions are not possible

central nasal oral

fricativecentral lateral nasal stoplateral nasal stop

1/ !hich vocal organ provides the #ain source of power in producing e$ectives

and i#plosives


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laryn

x

11 0riefly describe the production of clicks

i *o#plete closure achieved at the soft palateii Another closure in front of velar occlusioniii Posterior occlusion slides back towards uvulariv

Air pressure reduced between the two

occlusionsv Belease of alveolar constrictionvi

Inflow of air to e>ualise pressure

1% efine secondary articulation

8i#ultaneous bilabial palatal or velar approxi#ant produced at the sa#e ti#e

as a pri#ary articulation which has a higher degree of stricture 'usually stop

stricture occasionally fricative stricture( and which is produced at another place

of articulation1& !hat diacritic is added when transcribing labialised sounds

The diacritic H superscripted to the sy#bol of the pri#ary

articulation

14 *ircle the sounds that are produced with nasal airflow

#

2

3

1) *ircle the labial sounds"

vr

uw

16 *ircle the sounds in which the passive articulator is the uvular"


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1+ *ircle the sounds that are produced with co#plete closure at the alveolar

ridge"

t

n

1, Provide phonetic na#es for the feature classes 5aryngeal Airstrea# Place

7asality 8tricture for the speech sounds listed below

5aryngea

l

Airstrea

#

Place 7asalit

y

8trictur

ei # voiced pul#onic bilabial nasal stopii 9 voiced pul#onic palatalise

d

alveolar

oral fricative

iii voiced glottalic alveolar oral stopiv

g voiced pul#onic velar oral stop

v voiced pul#onic uvular oral fricativevi

voiced pul#onic palato-

alveolar

oral fricative

1. :ive phonetic notation for the following speech sounds"

i breathy alveolar lateral

approxi#ant

l

ii voiced retroflex oral stop iii voiceless lateral fricative iv

creaky alveolar fricative 9

v alveolar lateral click or

3

%/ In a certain language consonants are palatalised before close 'high( front

vowels and velarised before close 'high( back vowels ;ake any changes to the


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consonants on the left that precede the vowels on the right in accordance with

this rule If no change is necessary write 7*

i t y tii f f

iii

k i korc

%1 In a certain language close 'high( vowels beco#e glides '#aintaining their

fronting and rounding features( when they precede other close vowels ;ake any

changes to the vowels on the left that precede the vowels on the right in

accordance with this rule If no change is necessary write 7*

i u y w

ii < < 7*

iii i i $iv

i y $

v u

%% !hat features do the groups of sounds have in co##on

i #b bilabial egressiveii =$ pul#onic palataliii r voiced egressiveiv 9nl9 pul#onic voiced alveolarv y n uivalent laterals"

i 9 ii

s

%4 *onvert the following sounds into e>uivalent fricatives"

i t sii d 9iii

l


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%) *onvert the following into e>uivalent sounds produced with lip-rounding

i ? ?

ii

$

%6 0riefly explain why the following notation is not possible"

i u u is already labialisedii d e$ectives cannot be voicediii

#

only oral sounds can be

aspirated

%+ :ive a brief definition of what is #eant by the following labels"

i glottalic airstrea# involving laryngeal power sourceii breathy inefficient vocal fold vibration allowing escape of airiii velarised secondary articulation involving raising the back of the

tongueiv

ingressiv

e

inflowing air

%, Provide phonetic notation for any two speech sounds that confor# to the

following description"

i the soft-palate is lowered@ the airstrea# #echanis# is

velaric

3 3

3ii the vocal folds are co#pletely closed at so#e stage

during the production of the sound

p

t k iii the tip of the tongue #akes a co#plete closure against

the alveolar ridge

t d n

iv

the blade of the tongue is raised towards the hard-

palate but without #aking a co#plete closure

$ =

%. efine a diphthong

!hen two vowels occur in a single


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syllable

&/ :ive three criteria for distinguishing consonants fro# vowels

i acoustic - loudness

ii physiological

- oral i#pedance

iii

phonological -

syllabic

position

the following exercises are provided to test your knowledge of the concepts dealt with in lecture...

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