the florida state university ringling conservation center sarasota, florida linda lewis mechanical...

The Florida State University

Ringling Conservation Center

Sarasota, Florida

Linda Lewis

Mechanical Option

Spring 2005

Linda Lewis Mech Option The FSU Ringling Conservation Center

Presentation Outline• General Information• Project Team• Existing Design• Redesign Goals• Design Considerations• Mechanical Redesign• Acoustical Analysis• Lighting Analysis• Conclusion and Recommendations• Acknowledgements• Questions


General Information• Located- Sarasota Florida

on the Ringling Campus• John Ringling – Sarasota is

the Circus Capitol of the World

• Campus• Museum of Art• Cà d´zan• Circus Museum• Conservation Center

• Florida State University


General Information• Size-

• 3 Stories• 73,000 sq ft Building• 23,000 sq ft Parking

Garage/ Loading Deck

• Building Functions- • Art Conservation- 2,020 Sq Ft• Art Library- 17,050 Sq Ft• Art Storage -4330 Sq Ft • Classrooms- 2989 Sq Ft• Offices- 4655 Sq Ft

• Unique Features-• Lobbies, Corridors and Elevators – Fit large

Pieces of artwork• Art Conservation Lab– Self Balancing System

Second Floor

First Floor


Presentation Outline• General Information• Project Team• Existing Design• Redesign Goals• Design Consideration• Mechanical Redesign• Acoustical Analysis• Lighting Analysis• Conclusion Recommendations• Acknowledgements• Questions


Project Team• Owner: Sarasota County • Architect: Hellmuth, Obata +

Kassabaum, Inc. (HOK) – Tampa, Florida

• MEP & Technology: TLC Engineering for Architecture – Tampa, Florida

• Structural Engineer: Master Consulting Engineers – Tampa, Florida

• Construction Manager: To Be Determined– GC Hard Bid with GMP on Final CD’s


Presentation Outline• General Information• Project Team• Existing Design• Redesign Goals• Design Considerations• Mechanical Redesign• Acoustical Analysis• Lighting Analysis• Conclusion Recommendations• Acknowledgements• Questions


Existing Conditions• Mechanical

• 8 Air Handling Units (50,790 cfm)• 3-Constant Volume – EDH and Humidifiers

• Serve Art Storage Areas

• 3-Variable Air Volume (VAV) – Electric Reheat• Serve 2nd Floor- Classroom, Office Area, Library

• 2-VAV Dual Path- Electric Reheat• Dual Path- Separate Cooling Coils for RA and OA • Serve 1st Floor- Classrooms, Library

• Chiller Plant• Provides Chilled Water for

the Entire Campus


Presentation Outline• General Information• Project Team• Existing Design• Redesign Goals• Design Consideration• Mechanical Redesign• Acoustical Analysis• Lighting Analysis• Conclusion and Recommendations• Acknowledgements• Questions


Redesign Goals• To Save Energy

• 71% of the US Electricity comes from Fossil Fuels

• Fossil Fuels Create Emissions • Green House Effect• DOE - 40-60% of Electricity is used

in HVAC Systems• 80% of Electricity in the South is

used by HVAC


Redesign Goals• Improve Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)

• The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)- 90% of our time indoors

• Mild effects of poor IAQ are: irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, headaches, dizziness, and/or fatigue

• Serious effects of poor IAQ: respiratory cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or immunologic disorders

• Asthma Numbers are Increasing• Poor indoor air quality can result in a decrease in

productivity of workers and larger numbers of absenteeism’s.

• Lower Operation Costs


Design Considerations• Outdoor Conditions

• Summer• 93°F DB, 80°F WB

• Winter• 39°F DB

• Indoor Conditions• General Occupancy Areas

• Summer - 72°F DB, 50% RH• Winter - 68°F DB, 55% RH

• Areas with Art work• All Year - 70°F DB, 50% RH


Design Considerations• Proposal

• Energy Recovery Wheels• Enthalpy Wheels

• Thermal Storage• Partial Storage• Load Leveling


Mechanical Redesign- Enthalpy Wheels

• Background Information• Can Reduce Outdoor Air Load on the

Cooling Coil • Help in better IAQ

• Remove containments from the air• Allows for a more energy efficient way of

bringing in appropriate ventilation air (ASHRAE Standard 62)



• Air Handling Units• Novel Aire Wheels

AHU SA cfm OA cfm EA cfm

AHU 1-1 990 590 470

AHU 1-2 2500 1540 1380

AHU 1-3 4870 4870 4870

AHU 1-4 1450 580 480

AHU 1-5 3100 420 320

AHU 2-1 5600 2000 1380

AHU 2-2 10,000 7600 4500

AHU 2-3 880 580 480



• Calculations• Bin Year

• Occupied vs Unoccupied• Summer vs School Year

Novel Aire Simulation Program



• Wheel Operation• On When Sum of Sensible and Latent

Savings is Positive• Off When Sum of Sensible and Latent

Savings is Negative• Modulate When Outdoor Air Temperature

is Lower than Supply Air Temperature• When Heating the Air the Air is also Humidified



• Summary of Results

AHU Without EW

kBtuWith EW

kBtuSavings

Total kBtu % Savings

AHU 1-1 240,855 157,954 82,901 34%

AHU 1-2 458,110 317,167 140,943 31%

AHU 1-3 823,124 533,994 289,131 35%

AHU 1-4 197,700 133,077 64,622 33%

AHU 1-5 129,219 88,252 40,966 32%

AHU 2-1 639,188 435,785 203,404 32%

AHU 2-2 1,208,102 855,603 352,498 29%

AHU 2-3 109,287 67,995 41,292 38%

Total Outdoor Air Load Savings

. • Total Savings – 33%

• Of the Total

•Latent – 84%

•Sensible – 16%



• Wheels Savings

AHU On Peak kWh

per YearOff Peak kWh

Per YearOn Peak kWh

CostOff Peak kWh

Cost

AHU 1-1 5,033.7 8948.9 $120.00 $66.31

AHU 1-2 10,667.7 18964.8 $254.32 $140.53

AHU 1-3 21,702.3 38581.9 $517.38 $285.89

AHU 1-4 3,023.3 5374.7 $72.07 $39.83

AHU 1-5 3,087.4 5488.7 $73.60 $40.67

AHU 2-1 15,328.0 27249.7 $365.42 $201.92

AHU 2-2 26,595.1 47280.1 $634.03 $350.35

AHU 2-3 3,062.6 5444.6 $73.01 $40.34

Totals 88,500 157,334 $2,110 $1,166

Total Cost Savings

Wheel PriceNumber of

WheelsInstallation

Cost Total Cost

ECW 204 $600.00 1 $420.00 $1,020.00

ECW 244 $900.00 3 $420.00 $3,120.00

ECW 364 $1,500.00 2 $505.00 $3,505.00

ECW 544 $3,400.00 1 $630.00 $4,030.00

ECW 724 $6,100.00 1 $630.00 $6,730.00

Totals $12,500 8 $2,605 $18,405

Enthalpy Wheel First Cost

• First Cost Wheels

Cost Savings: $3276



• Cost Analysis• Wheels - $18,405• Reconfiguring AHU and Ductwork - $5000• Reduction in Cooling Coil Size - $7900

• Conclusions• Payback just using kWh Savings – 4.7 Yrs

• Less with On Peak kW Demand Reduction


Mechanical Redesign- Thermal Storage

• Current Chiller Plant• 2 – 650 Water Cooled Centrifugal

Chillers• Provide 40°F Water

• Ice Storage• York Chillers• Calmac Icetanks

• Melted Ice on Coil


Mechanical Redesign- Partial Storage

• Florida Power and Light• Time of Use Rates

kW Demand

Monthly Demand Charge

On Peak kW Charge

On Peak kWh

Charge

Off Peak kWh

Charge

21-499 $38.58 $8.16 3.337¢ 1.021¢

500 -1999 $38.12 $8.15 2.279¢ 0.788¢



July

0.0

100.0

200.0

300.0

400.0

500.0

600.0

700.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Hour

Tons July

BASE LOAD CHILLER

STORE



•Calculations•Bin Year•March Design Day

•4500 Ton Hours Needed•500 Ton Ice Chiller for 9 Hours

• Savings

Month

WithoutThermalStorage

ThermalStorage Difference

January 466 109 357

February 525 109 416

March 455 109 346

April 550 109 441

May 580 109 471

June 580 109 471

July 576 109 467

August 578 109 468

September 565 109 455

October 553 109 443

November 510 109 401

December 505 109 396

On-Peak kW Demand

Category

WithoutThermalStorage

ThermalStorage

Total kWh 2,383,225 2,737,355

kWh On-Peak 1,380,196 358,030

kWh Off-Peak 1,003,029 2,379,325

% kWh On-Peak 57.9% 13.1%

% kWh Off-Peak 42.1% 86.9%

Summary of kwh Usage

Month

Electric Bill w/out

Thermal Storage

Electric Bill w/ Thermal

Storage Savings

January $5,882 $3,291 $2,591

February $6,199 $3,126 $3,073

March $5,913 $3,460 $2,453

April $7,806 $3,845 $3,961

May $7,694 $4,252 $3,441

June $8,331 $4,132 $4,199

July $8,624 $4,422 $4,202

August $8,513 $4,254 $4,259

September $8,308 $4,162 $4,146

October $8,149 $4,194 $3,955

November $6,477 $3,598 $2,879

December $6,186 $3,311 $2,875

Total Price $88,083 $46,047 $42,035

Totals Partial Storage Savings

Average On Peak kW Shift – 428 kW

52% Reduction in Operation Cost



• First Cost – RS Means

EquipmentThermal Storage

Ice Chiller 500 tons $250,000

Base Load Chiller 180 ton $94,250

Redundant Chiller 500 Tons $169,600

Ice Storage Tanks (4560 Ton-hr) $456,000

Total $969,850

Thermal Storage First Cost

EquipmentOriginal System

650 Ton Chiller $215,000

650 Ton Chiller Redundant $215,000

Total $430,000

Original System First Cost

Cost of Thermal Storage System = 125% Increase



• Cost Analysis• First Cost Difference = $539,850• Inflation Rate of Money = 1.023%• Annual Savings = $42,035

• Payback Period = 12 Yrs


Mechanical Redesign- Load Leveling

July

0.0

100.0

200.0

300.0

400.0

500.0

600.0

700.0

800.0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Hour of the Day

To

ns

July

STORE



•Calculations•July Design Day

•2650 Ton Hours Needed•310 Ton Ice Chiller

• Savings

Month

Electric Bill w/out

Thermal Storage

Electric Bill w/ Thermal

Storage Savings

January $5,821 $5,262 $559

February $6,619 $6,012 $607

March $5,707 $5,185 $522

April $7,529 $5,985 $1,544

May $8,005 $6,426 $1,578

June $8,111 $6,632 $1,479

July $8,199 $6,864 $1,335

August $8,115 $6,412 $1,703

September $7,960 $6,302 $1,658

October $7,854 $6,287 $1,567

November $6,450 $5,889 $561

December $6,317 $5,693 $624

Total Price $86,687 $72,949 $13,738

Totals Load Leveling Savings

Month

Without Thermal Storage

Thermal Storage Difference

January 466 266 200

February 525 304 221

March 455 262 193

April 550 293 257

May 580 315 265

June 580 325 255

July 576 336 240

August 578 314 264

September 565 309 256

October 553 308 244

November 510 298 212

December 505 288 217

On-Peak kW Demand Load Leveling

Category

Without Thermal Storage Thermal Storage

Total kWh 2,383,225 2,629,290

kWh On-Peak 1,380,196 978,638

kWh Off-Peak 1,003,029 1,650,653

% kWh On-Peak 57.9% 37.2%

% kWh Off-Peak 42.1% 62.8%

Summary of kwh Usage Load Leveling

16% Reduction in Operation Cost

Average On Peak kW Shift – 235 kW



• First Cost – RS Means

Thermal Storage First Cost

EquipmentOriginal System

650 Ton Chiller $215,000

651 Ton Chiller Redundant $215,000

Total $430,000

Original System First Cost

Cost of Thermal Storage System = 50% Increase

Equipment Thermal Storage

Ice Chiller 320 tons $160,000

Redundant Chiller 650 Tons $215,000

Ice Storage Tanks (2660 Ton-hr) $266,000

Total $641,000



• Cost Analysis• First Cost Difference = $211,000• Inflation Rate of Money = 1.023%

• Annual Savings = $13,738

• Payback Period = 15.5 Yrs


Acoustical AnalysisReverberation Time

Freq T60Range 0.6 to

1.4

125 0.43 Good

250 1.22 Good

500 2.01 High

1000 2.79 High

2000 1.86 High

4000 1.86 High

•Room Dimensions- 76’x 30’x 20’

A

VT 05.060

iSiA


Acoustical Analysis•Echo Eliminator

•Recycled Cotton - Green•2”- 2’x4’- (320ft2 = 40 Panels)

Freq α_PanelPanelArea T60

125 0.17 320 0.42

250 0.6 320 1.00

500 1.16 320 1.18

1000 1.21 320 1.38

2000 1.14 320 1.13

4000 1.22 320 1.10

•Cost•$1.75/ft2 = $560•Shipping = $40


Lighting Analysis

• Classroom Current Design• 2’x 2’ two lamp, Parabolic

Louvered, lay-in Fluorescent Fixtures

• Classroom Functions

•Teaching

•Creating Artwork

• New Design• Direct/Indirect Fixtures• Incandescent Downlights

• Lamps• Daylight – 5000 K• Incandescent – Natural Light• Fluorescent – 4100 K (CRI = 85)


Conclusions and Recommendations

• Add Enthalpy Wheels• Payback Period 4.7 Years• Decrease kW Demand

• Do Not Use Thermal Storage• Both Partial Storage and Load Leveling have

too high of Payback Periods

• Use More Smaller Chillers• Add Acoustical Panels

• For a Low Cost Fix the Echo

• Change Lighting in the Classroom Areas• Provide Better Lighting for Students to Learn


AcknowledgementsSpecial Thanks To:

• Dr. Freihuat• Dr. Mumma• Dr. Bahnfleth• Dr. Burroughs• AE Faculty• AE Staff• Novel Aire –

David McDonald• Family• Friends• AE Class of 2005


Questions? ???

?

?

?


Desiccant Dehumidification

System

Leaving DB

Leaving Gr/lb

OA Sensible CC Load

Btu

OA Latent

CC Load Btu

Sensible OA Load with EW

Btu

Latent OA Load

w/EW Btu

Sensible OA Load

Savings Btu

Latent OA

Load Savings

Btu

Total Savings Btu

Enthalpy Wheel 74.2 76.3 47,153 87,863 33,402 30,732 13,751 54,461 68,212

Active Desiccant 111.1 74.9 47,153 87,863 80,449 29,631 -33,297 58,232 24,935

Overall Savings of Active Desiccant is 37% of the EW Savings


Using Smaller Chillers• Current Chiller Design 2 – 650 Ton

Chillers• Proposed to use

• 2 – 350 Ton Chillers• 1 – 300 Ton Chiller

• Advantages• Lessen Redundant Capacity Needed• Increase Efficiency- Decreasing Energy• Approximate Savings - $8,000

Electricity/Yr• First Cost – 20% Reduction in Cost• Still have the Ability to Add to Plant


Existing Conditions• Electrical

• 2000 amp, 480/277, 3 phase, 4 wire system • 8 step down transformers– 208Y/120• Lighting

• Lobbies- Compact Fluorescent Downlights• Classrooms- 2’x 2’—2 lamp parabolic louvered fluorescents• Storage Areas- 4’—2 lamp industrial strip fixtures • Conservation Lab-8’—2 lamp direct/indirect pendant fluorescents

• Structural• 3 Story Concrete Structure

• Poured Concrete Columns• Precast Sofit Beams• Precast Concrete Joists – Ribs 5’ OC• Floor– Pour Concrete• Lateral System- Braced Steel Frame• Roof– Standing Seam Metal

• Technology• Telephone outlets- Offices & Classrooms• Television – Classrooms• Ethernet- Classrooms, Library, Offices, Conservation Lab

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Design Considerations• Building Operation

• Library:• September-April

Monday-Sunday 7am – 9pm• May-August

Monday-Sunday 7am – 6pm

• All other Areas:Monday-Sunday 7am – 5pm

the florida state university ringling conservation center sarasota, florida linda lewis mechanical...

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