the floods of 2013 remembering some of this year's lessons from natural disasters
DESCRIPTION
Risks associated with floods. Damage to contents, loss of function of buildings and infrastructure, release of hazardous materials, transportation of debris, autos, and houses, environmental dead zones, and disease. Creating turning points for flood disaster resilience. Integration of scientific and technical solutions with political solutions for policies on preparedness, protection, early warning, emergency response, and recovery. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Haye, Global Alliance for Disaster ReductionTRANSCRIPT
FLOODING
REMEMBERING SOME OF THE LESSONS FROM 2013’S DISASTERS
PART 3: FLOODS
PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF FLOODS- A PART OF THE NATURAL WATER CYCLE
PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF FLOODS- A PART OF THE NATURAL WATER CYCLE
INUNDATION, HIGH-VELOCITY FLOW OF WATER, HIGH-VOLUME DISCHARGE,
EROSION, AND SCOUR
INUNDATION, HIGH-VELOCITY FLOW OF WATER, HIGH-VOLUME DISCHARGE,
EROSION, AND SCOUR
DAMAGE FROM INUNDATION
DAMAGE FROM INUNDATION
A RISK ASSESSMENT LETS DECISIONMAKERS KNOW WHAT WILL LIKELY HAPPEN IN A FLOOD
A RISK ASSESSMENT LETS DECISIONMAKERS KNOW WHAT WILL LIKELY HAPPEN IN A FLOOD
EROSION, SCOUR, AND LANDSLIDES
EROSION, SCOUR, AND LANDSLIDES
LOSS OF FUNCTIONLOSS OF FUNCTION ECONOMIC LOSSECONOMIC LOSS
RISKRISK
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH FLOODS
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH FLOODS
DAMAGE TO CONTENTS, LOSS OF FUNCTION OF BUILDINGS AND
INFRASTRUCTURE, RELEASE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS,
TRANSPORTATION OF DEBRIS, AUTOS, AND HOUSES, ENVIRONMENTAL DEAD ZONES,
AND DISEASE
DAMAGE TO CONTENTS, LOSS OF FUNCTION OF BUILDINGS AND
INFRASTRUCTURE, RELEASE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS,
TRANSPORTATION OF DEBRIS, AUTOS, AND HOUSES, ENVIRONMENTAL DEAD ZONES,
AND DISEASE
LOSS OF FUNCTION OF STRUCTURES IN FLOODPLAIN
FLOODSFLOODS
INUNDATION
INTERACTION WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
STRUCTURE & CONTENTS: DAMAGE FROM WATER
WATER BORNE DISEASES (HEALTH PROBLEMS)
EROSION AND MUDFLOWS
CONTAMINATION OF GROUND WATER
CAUSES OF RISK
CAUSES OF RISK
DISASTER LABORATORIES
DISASTER LABORATORIES
An element’s vulnerability (fragility) is the result of either a
community’s actions and/or nature’s actions that change
some part of the regional water cycle (e.g., precipitation,
storage, runoff, transpiration, evaporation).
LESSONS FROM THE COMMUNITY
Vulnerabilities typically enter during the planning, design, and construction phases of a
community’s building and critical infrastructure programs.
LESSONS FROM A COMMUNITY
• Urban development or industrial development in areas that were formerly wetlands and locating buildings and infrastructure in a river floodplain will increase the risk (i.e., chance of loss).
LESSONS FROM NATURE
• A flash flood, Ice jams/ice dams on the river, and rapid melt of snow and ice and the resultant runoff will usually lead to a flood disaster.
LESSONS FROM NATURE
• Extreme or prolonged precipitation caused by a stalled low-pressure system, or after a long, hot, dry season, or after a wildfire will usually exacerbate flooding risks.
A COMMUNITY’S ACTIONS
• Actions that increase or decrease river gradients (deforestation, dams, etc.,) and actions that change the runoff pattern or rate (e.g., the city’s concrete footprint) will exacerbate flood risks.
EXAMPLESEVERE FLOODING IN
LEBANON
JANUARY 4, 2013
THE THAWING OF A WINTER STORM CAUSED FLOODING THAT
CLOSED SCHOOLS THROUGHOUT THE
COUNTRY AND LEFT FOUR DEAD
FLOODING IN LEBANON
FLOODING IN LEBANON
EXAMPLE
HISTORIC MOUNTAIN FLOODING IN COLORADO AFTER A HOT, DRY SUMMER MARKED BY DROUGHT
AND WILDFIRES
SEPTEMBER, 15, 2013
RECORDS SET IN 1919 WERE BROKEN AFTER A WEEK-LONG RAINFALL
BOULDER, CO WAS HIT ESPECIALLY HARD
BOULDER
Boulder, with a population of about 100,000, is located 25 miles (40 km) northwest of
Denver and sited at the base of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains at an elevation of
5,430 feet (1,655 m).
IMMEDIATE IMPACTS
• WIDESPREAD POWER OUTAGES• UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO CLOSED• SCHOOLS CLOSED• MUDSLIDES• INUNDATION• ISOLATED MTN. COMMUNITIES• FOOD AND WATER DEPLETED
Miles from the Rocky Mountains, debris-filled rivers became
muddy seas that overflowed banks\ and inundated farms and
towns.
DEBRIS-FILLED RIVERS
CUMMULATIVE IMPACTS
• $ 150 MILLION IN DAMAGE• THOUSANDS EVACUATED• COMMUNITIES ISOLATED• NATIONAL GUARD ACTIVATED• FEDERAL ASSISTANCE APPROVED• 1,200 STRANDED• AT LEAST 5 DEAD
FLOOD WATERS: BOULDER, CO.
FLOODING
FLOODING
CONTINUING RAINFALL, DAMAGED ROADS, AND
LANDSLIDES SLOWED SEARCH AND RESCUE OPERATIONS
ROADS DESTROYED
MUDSLIDE: BOULDER, CO.
AIRLIFTING
TOWARDS FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE
COMMUNITIES
COMMUNITIES
DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONDATA BASES AND INFORMATION
HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS
• FLOOD HAZARDS• INVENTORY• VULNERABILITY• LOCATION
FLOOD RISK
RISK
ACCEPTABLE RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE
• PREPAREDNESS• PROTECTION• FORECASTS/WARNINGS• EMERGENCY RESPONSE• RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION
POLICY OPTIONS
CREATING TURNING POINTS FOR FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE
USING EDUCATIONAL SURGES CONTAINING THE PAST AND PRESENT LESSONS TO FOSTER AND ACCELERATE THE CREATION OF TURNING
POINTS
2014--2020 IS A GOOD TIME
FOR A GLOBAL SURGE IN EDUCATIONAL, TECHNICAL, HEALTH
CARE, AND POLITICAL CAPACITY BUILDING
IN ALL FIVE PILLARS OF COMMUNITY
DISASTER RESILIENCE
CREATING TURNING POINTS FOR FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE
INTEGRATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS WITH POLITICAL
SOLUTIONS FOR POLICIES ON PREPAREDNESS, PROTECTION, EARLY
WARNING, EMERGENCY RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY
INTEGRATION OF TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL CONSIDERATIONS
INTEGRATION OF TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL CONSIDERATIONS
THE KNOWLEDGE BASE
Best Practices for Mitigation Adaptation and Monitoring
Gateways to a Deeper Understanding
Real and Near- Real Time Monitoring
Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk Characterization
Anticipatory Actions for all Events and Situations
Situation Data Bases
Interfaces with all Real- and Near Real-Time Sources
Cause & Effect Relationships
APPLICATIONS
Implement Modern Codes and Lifeline Standards
Relocation/Rerouting of Cities and City Lifelines
Create a Hazard Zonation Map as a Policy Tool
Introduce New Technologies
Move Towards A Disaster Intelligent Community
EDUCATIONAL SURGES
Involve Partners in Turning Point Experimemts
Enlighten Communities on Their Risks
Build Strategic Equity Through Disaster Scenarios
Multiply Capability by International Twinning
Update Knowledge Bases After Each Disaster
OPPORTUNITIES FOR TURNING POINTS: For Disaster Resilience on local, regional, national, and global scales
OPPORTUNITIES FOR TURNING POINTS: For Disaster Resilience on local, regional, national, and global scales