the first political parties eq: how do governments change? chapter 9, lesson 3
TRANSCRIPT
The First The First Political Political PartiesParties
EQ: How do EQ: How do governments governments
change? change? Chapter 9, Lesson 3 Chapter 9, Lesson 3
Vocabulary: Ch. 9, Lesson 3Vocabulary: Ch. 9, Lesson 3
PartisanPartisan
CaucusCaucus
AliensAliens
SeditionSedition
NullifyNullify
State’ rights State’ rights
Opposing Parties Opposing Parties
By 1796 Americans were beginning to By 1796 Americans were beginning to separate into opposing groups. separate into opposing groups.
• Economic polices • Foreign relations• How much power the federal government should have?
FederalistsFederalists Washington “above” politics, Washington “above” politics, but a federalistbut a federalist
Federalist party emergesFederalist party emerges John Adams & Alexander HamiltonJohn Adams & Alexander Hamilton
CharacteristicsCharacteristics
1.1. Pro industrial developmentPro industrial development
2.2. Pro BritishPro British
3.3. Pro strong federal Pro strong federal governmentgovernment
4.4. ““LooserLooser” interpretation of ” interpretation of ConstitutionConstitution
Democratic -RepublicansDemocratic -Republicans Democratic- RepublicansDemocratic- Republicans
(D-Rs) (D-Rs) Thomas Jefferson & Thomas Jefferson &
James Madison James Madison CharacteristicsCharacteristics
1.1. Pro agriculturePro agriculture
2.2. Pro revolutionary Pro revolutionary FranceFrance
3.3. Pro “common” manPro “common” man
4.4. Pro States rights Pro States rights
5.5. StrictStrict interpretation of interpretation of ConstitutionConstitution
Election of 1796Election of 1796
Presidential ElectionPresidential Election John Adams vs. Thomas Jefferson John Adams vs. Thomas Jefferson
First time two parties held meetings = First time two parties held meetings = caucusescaucuses
Adams wins with 71 electoral votes, Adams wins with 71 electoral votes, Jefferson finished second. Jefferson finished second. Constitution= Adams is President, Thomas Constitution= Adams is President, Thomas
Jefferson Vice-President Jefferson Vice-President
John Adams vs. Thomas Jefferson
https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/ushistory/politicalpartyorigins/
Review Questions: Chapter 9, Review Questions: Chapter 9, Lesson 3Lesson 3
Complete Questions #1 and #2 in the Complete Questions #1 and #2 in the packet. packet.
ActivityActivity: Presidential Buttons : Presidential Buttons
• Create an Create an election election button button for yourfor your
• Federalist candidate Federalist candidate (John Adams) (John Adams)
OR Democratic candidate OR Democratic candidate (Thomas Jefferson)(Thomas Jefferson)
• Use your notes on the Use your notes on the characteristicscharacteristics of each of each political party political party
John AdamsJohn Adams
Born in MassachusettsBorn in Massachusetts
Became a lawyerBecame a lawyer
Cousin to Samuel Cousin to Samuel AdamsAdams
Popularized argument Popularized argument “no taxation without “no taxation without representation”representation”
Young Adams
Birthplace of John Adams
Adams: Foreign PolicyAdams: Foreign Policy
Adams continued Adams continued neutrality—neutrality—stay out of stay out of war between Britain & war between Britain & FranceFrance However, now French However, now French
began attacking began attacking American ships trading American ships trading with Britain with Britain
Adams sent Adams sent diplomatsdiplomats to negotiate with French to negotiate with French
French (in distance) bearing downon damaged American ship
Adams: Adams: XYZ Affair XYZ Affair
The French foreign minister refused to see American The French foreign minister refused to see American diplomats diplomats
Instead the French minister sends three French agentsInstead the French minister sends three French agents They demand $250,000 bribe to let Americans see French They demand $250,000 bribe to let Americans see French
foreign ministerforeign minister
Americans went home, instead (very upset!)Americans went home, instead (very upset!)
Americans (at left) facing French bribe and demands, in US newspaper cartoon
Effect of XYZ AffairThe French agents became known as XYZ Americans were outraged!Huge public outcry: “Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute!”
Token handed out during XYZ Affairhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uw0KcA59_8s
Adams: Domestic Policy As a result of the XYZ Affair people become suspicious of foreigners.
Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
1. Alien Act Authorized the president to deport any immigrant considered "dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States.” 2. Sedition Actmade it a crime to publish any form of writing against the US government
Fight in Congress during debateover Sedition Act, 1798
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions Claimed Alien and Sedition Acts violated the constitution. Should not be put into actionStates could nullify (legally overturn) federal laws that violated the constitution. The resolutions supported state rights
Powers of the federal gov. should be limited
https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/famoushistoricalfigures/johnadams/
ActivitiesActivities
1.1. Complete the following margin questions Complete the following margin questions in your packet Lesson 3, question #4. in your packet Lesson 3, question #4.
2.2. Primary Source Activities Primary Source Activities #1, #2, #3 #1, #2, #3
Primary Source Activity #1: Primary Source Activity #1: 11stst Amendment Amendment
The First Amendment states: The First Amendment states:
Congress shall make no law respecting an Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.redress of grievances.
WriteWrite and and answeranswer the 3 questions the 3 questions
Primary Source Activity #2: Primary Source Activity #2: Sedition Act Sedition Act
The Sedition Act states: The Sedition Act states: That if any person shall write, print, utter or publish, That if any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause to be written, printed, uttered or or shall cause to be written, printed, uttered or published, or shall knowingly and willingly assist or published, or shall knowingly and willingly assist or aid in writing, printing, or publishing any false, aid in writing, printing, or publishing any false, scandalous and malicious writingscandalous and malicious writing or writings or writings against the government of the United states, or against the government of the United states, or either house of the Congress of the United States, either house of the Congress of the United States, or the President of the United States…or the President of the United States…
WriteWrite and and answeranswer the 3 questions the 3 questions
Primary Primary Source Source
Activity #3: Activity #3: Political Political Cartoon Cartoon
1. What is happening in the cartoon, and how are the politicians reacting?2. What does the cartoon suggest about politics of the era?
Congress meeting, 1798