The Excretory System(Urinary)

Male Urinary tract

Female Urinary tract

Function of the Excretory System

1. Eliminates useless by-products excreted from cells.

2. Eradicates harmful chemical build-ups. 3. Maintains a steady, balanced chemical

concentration. 4. Conserves and gathers water from inside

the body.

The Path of Blood into and out of the Kidney

1. Blood flows from the heart into the kidney through renal artery.

2. It continues into the renal cortex which contains the capillaries surrounding the nephrons.

3. The blood which has been filtered is returned to the capillaries.

4. It then feeds out to the renal vein and back to the heart.

The Path of Urine out of the Body

1. Kidneys

2. Ureters

3. Bladder

4. Urethra 2.

1.

3.

4.

What Wastes are Removed by the Kidneys?

Urea

A water-soluble compound, CO(NH2)2, that is the major nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism and is the chief nitrogenous component of the urine.

What are the Jobs of the Nephrons(kidney cells)?

The Nephrons monitor the water and soluble substances. They do this by filtering the blood through the renal corpuscle and containing and reacquiring beneficial substances. These are then submitted back into the blood flow of the body.

Diseases of the Excretory SystemKidney Stones

Kidney stones are hard, solid pellets that form in the urinary tract that can cause one of the most painful ailments. Caused by the build up of calcium. Drinking plenty of fluids and avoiding caffeinated and carbonated beverages, may help.

Urinary Tract Infections – The most common cause of UTI are bacteria from the bowel that live on the skin near the rectum or in the vagina which can spread and enter the urinary tract through the urethra. Cause pain or discomfort during urination.

Symptoms Pain or stinging when you pass urine. An urge to pass urine a lot, but not much comes out when you go. Pressure in your lower belly. Urine that smells bad or looks milky, cloudy, or reddish in color. If you see blood in your urine, tell a doctor right away. Feeling tired or shaky or having a fever.