the eu-salvere project: producing native seeds using ... › rm › boise › research › shrub ›...

Anita Kirmer & Sabine Tischew

Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Germany, contact: [email protected]

The EU-SALVERE Project: Producing Native Seeds Using

Threshing Material and Species-rich Hay from Grasslands

In cooperation with all SALVERE project partners:

1. Michele Scotton, Claudia DelBuono & Antonio Timoni, University of Padova, Italy (Lead Partner)

2. Bernhard Krautzer, Albin Blaschka, Petra Haslgrübler, William Graiss & Erich Pötsch,

Lehr- und Forschungszentrum Raumberg-Gumpenstein, Austria

3. Rainer Frank, Franz Jahn & Christian Tamegger, Kärtner Saatbau, Austria

4. Magdalena Sevcíková, Petra Spacková, & Tomáš Vondřejc, OSEVA, Czech Republic

5. Sandra Mann, Matthias Stolle & Katja Eis, University of Applied Sciences, Germany

6. Birgit Feucht & Ernst Rieger, Rieger-Hoffmann, Germany

7. Miriam Kizeková, Norbert Britaňák, Jozef Čunderlík, Ľubomír Hanzes, Jana Martincová,

Štefan Pollák, Plant Production Research Centre Pieštany, Slovakia

8. Piotr Goliński, Józef Binias, Dorota Dragason, Barbara Golińska, Stanislaw Kozłowski,

Agnieszka Krakowiñska & Ryszard Szymański, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland

Sandtrockenrasen im Tagebaugebiet Goitzche

The project

Semi-natural grassland as a source of biodiversity improvement

Acronym: SALVERE

A project in the INTERREG IVB Program „Central Europe“

duration 01.01.2009 – 31.12.2011, project number 1CE052P3

8 working groups from 6 countries

- Austria (2 partner)

- Czech Republic

- Germany (2 partner)

- Italy (lead partner)

- Poland

- Slovakia

Further information: www.salvereproject.eu

General aims of the SALVERE - Project

• Practical contribution to realize the 2010-target by utilization of species-rich grasslands

as donor sites for regional seed mixtures

• Use of the harvested seed mixtures in restoration of species-poor grasslands and in

establishment of new species-rich grasslands on former arable land, road embankments,

ski slopes, in mined sites, and for compensation measures

• Quantification of the seed potential on donor sites and analysis of harvested seed

mixtures concerning species composition and number of germinable seeds

• Transfer of knowledge into practice during workshops and field trips, and by drafting of a

practical handbook for seed harvest and ecological restoration of species-rich grasslands

• Recommendations for an European quality standard for „wild“ seed mixtures

WP1 Project management and coordination

Michele Scotton, University of Padova

WP2 Communication, knowledge management and dissemination

Bernhard Krautzer, Lehr- und Forschungszentrum Raumberg-Gumpenstein

WP3 Analysis of the staus quo of high nature value farmland (HNVF) in the

involved countries, agricultural policy and future development of HNVF

Erich Pötsch, Lehr- und Forschungszentrum Raumberg-Gumpenstein

WP4 Quantification of seed production and evaluation of seed quality,

modeling of the seed production in donor sites

Michele Scotton, University of Padova

WP5 Harvesting trials, harvesting costs and effects, quality of seed mixtures, seed

seperation and conservation, drafting of guidelines and handbook

Christian Tamegger, Kärntner Saatbau

WP6 Implementation of experimental and demonstration trials, benefit assessment

and drafting of guidelines and handbook

Sabine Tischew, Hochschule Anhalt (FH)

Drafting of a Native Plants Certificate

Birgit Feucht, Rieger-Hoffmann GmbH

Work packages and responsibilities

Implementation of 17 new trials and continuing of 5 “old” trials

Utilised methods to establish species-rich grasslands

Green hay all partners

Hay 2 partners

On-site threshing 7 partners

Seed stripping 4 partners

Seed mixtures of local origin from seed propagation 3 partners

Involved plant communities

Arrhenatherion all partners (15 trials)

Bromion (Mesobromion) 4 partners (4 trials)

Molinion 2 partners (2 trials)

Deschampsion (Cnidion) 1 partner (1 trial)

Selected activities


The methods

on-site threshing & green hay

On-site threshing

• Mowing and immediate threshing (“on-site”) of the material with a

thresher.

• Application rate depends on seed content and degree of purification of

threshing material and varies between 5 and 20 g /m².

Use of a large thresher in Italy

(C. DalBuono, 7/2009)

Threshing with small machine in Poland

( A. Krakowińska, 8/2009)

Presented methods

• Harvesting between June and July enhances transfer of grasses.

• Harvesting between August and September promotes herbaceous species.

• Donor site register facilitates the selection of suitable sites (example: www.spenderflaechenkataster.de)

Mowing with tractor in Slovakia

(M. Kizekova, 7/2009)

Green hay

• Mowing of species-rich communities and collection of the seed-rich

fresh cuttings with machines or by hand.

• Ratio donor : receptor site depends on biomass production and seed

content of donor site (varies between 3:1 and 1:2).

• Green hay enhances the water supply, reduces erosion and offers safe

sites for germination and establishment.


The Arrhenatherion trials

Czech Republic (M. Krátký 6/2009)

Part

Germany (B. Feucht 6/2009)

Austria (F. Jahn 8/2009)

Poland (A. Krakowińska 8/2009)

Country Italy Germany Poland Slovakia

Longitude

(E)11 35’ 52’’ 11 42' 09'' 16 17' 19 02' 44"

Latitude

(N)45 41’ 30’’ 51 49' 25'' 52 26' 48 44' 57"

Altitude (m a.s.l.) 85 - 647

Mean yearly rainfall (mm) 469 - 1177

Mean yearly temperature ( C) 8 - 13,3

pH value (in H2O) 5 - 8

Plant available P (mg per 100 g soil) 1,5 - 13,5

Total nitrogen (mass-%) 0,15 - 2,03

Total carbonate (mass-%) 0,5 - 2,2

Site characteristics receptor sites for Arrhenatherion trials

Trial Maragnole /Italy

(C DelBuono 10/9/2009)

Type of soil preparation:

ploughing, harrowing

Implementation: Aug-Sep 2009

Trial Strenzfeld Campus /Germany

(A. Kirmer 25/8/2009)

Type of soil preparation: harrowing

Implementation: Aug 2009

Tajov trial /Slovakia,


Type of soil preparation: ploughing,

harrowing

Implementation: July 2009

Zgierzynka trial /Poland

(A. Krakowińska 9/2009)


harrowing

Implementation: August 2009

(Min-Max)

Former land use: arable land

Country Austria Austria Slovakia Poland

Longitude

(E)14 06' 05'' 14 04' 18'' 20 41' 16 18’

Latitude

(N)47 29' 41'' 46 32' 04'' 48 55' 52 22’

Altitude (m above sea level) 85 - 960

Mean yearly rainfall (mm) 579 - 1054

Mean yearly temperature ( C) 5,9 - 9,0

pH value (in H2O) 6,3 - 7,0

Plant available P (mg per 100 g soil) 0,4 - 13,9

Total nitrogen (mass-%) 0,1 - 3,5

Total carbonate (mass-%) 0,7 - 3,3

Site characteristics receptor sites for Arrhenatherion trials

GUM trial /Austria

(P. Haslgrübler 8/2009)

Type of soil preparation: ploughing

Implementation: Jul-Aug 2009

Tallach trial /Austria

(F. Jahn 9/7/2009)


Implementation: Jul-Aug 2009

Gluponie trial /Poland

(A. Krakowińska 9/2009)


harrowing

Implementation: August 2009

Liptovská Teplička trial /Slovakia



Implementation: July 2009

Former land use: degraded grassland

(Min-Max)


First results Arrhenatherion trials

Germany, Rieger-Hoffmann

Italy, Univ. Padova

Slovakia, Plant Production

Research Centre Piestany

Austria, LFZ Raumberg-Gumpenstein


Species-rich Arrhenatherion donor site, Czech Republic

→ Species-richness of donor site

increases number of transferred

species

Stepwise linear regression:


→ Residual species of degraded

grasslands increase the number of

species on the variants

→ Restoration method, climatic and soil

parameters are not significant yet

Arable land receptor site, Germany

Site preparation on degraded grassland, Slovakia

Stepwise linear regression:


The example

Germany, Rieger-Hoffmann

Arrhenatherion trial, Strenzfeld

Campus /Germany

25 August 2009

11 December 2009

13 April 2010

Arrhenatherion trial Strenzfeld Campus, Germany

18 May 2010

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

green hay on-site threshingav

era

ge n

um

ber

of

sp

ecie

s o

n r

ecep

tor

sit

e

species from seed rain/seed bank

transferred species

18 May 2010


***

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

green hay on-site threshing

av

era

ge c

ov

era

ge (

%)

target species non-target species

mulch layer bare soil

***

25 August 2009

11 December 2009

13 April 2010

18 May 2010

5 July 2010


First cut: 7 June 2010

9 August 2010


Greenhouse & laboratory experiments

Italy, Univ. Padova

Italy, Univ. Padova

Germany, Univ. of Appl. Sciences

Germany, Univ. of Appl. Sciences

• Composition of seed mixtures (all partners)

• Germinability of seed mixtures (all partners)

• Effect of storage on the germinability of seed mixtures (4 partners)

• Separation experiments with seed mixtures (4 partners)

• Analysis of seed production of selected species in Arrhenatherion donor sites (all partners)

• Germination tests with selected species from Arrhenatherion donor sites (all partners)

• Analysis of seed potential and biomass production in donor sites (all partners)

First results: Greenhouse experiments in Germany

Analysis of species composition and content of germinable seeds

Start of experiment: 2nd March 2010

Presentation of results: until 7th July 2010

2 methods: material from on-site threshing & green hay

9 repetitions per method

Amount of harvested material from 1 m² donor site:

- on-site threshing material: 10,2 g per m² (SD ± 3,1)

- green hay: 583,7 g per m² (SD ± 113,8)

After 3 weeks: 21 March 2010

Greenhouse and laboratory experiments

Greenhouse experiments – results after 4 months

→ for both methods, number

of germinated species is

similar

→ content of germinable seeds

is slightly higher in on-site

threshing material

→ target species comprise

approx. 90 % of germinated

species

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

all species only target species

Avera

ge n

um

ber

of

germ

inate

d s

pecie

s

on-site threshing green hay

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

all species only target species

Avera

ge n

um

ber

of

germ

inab

le s

eed

s p

er

m²

do

no

r sit

e

on-site threshing green hay

→ 53 % of target species from

donor site germinated from

on-site threshing material

and 45 % from green hay

Data from Katja Eis (master thesis, in prep.)

Galium album


First Conclusions

Trial Maragnole /Italy

Greenhouse experiment /GermanyArrhenatherion trial /Austria

Harvest with thresher /Poland

First conclusions

• Harvesting of species-rich grasslands is an effective way to

obtain regional seed mixtures for restoration and re-vegetation

• Species-richness of donor sites increases restoration success

• On-site threshing and green hay are suitable harvesting

methods and the harvested material is rich in number and seeds

of target species

• Whereas green hay is easier to harvest (tractor with rotary

mower and loader wagon), material from on-site threshing is

bulk reduced and can be stored more easily - after drying - for

later use

Many thanks …

… to all colleagues from the SALVERE project for data, information,

photographs and helpful discussions,

… to Annett Baasch for statistical advice,

… and to you for your attention !!

21 – 23 September 2010 – Workshop

Plant production reseach center PIEŠŤANY, Slovakia

Further information:

http://www.salvereproject.eu/node/42

18 – 20 May 2011 - Workshop

Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Germany

(together with SER field days)

Further information:

http://www.salvereproject.eu/node/43 and

http://www.offenlandinfo.de/aktuell.php

September 2011 – Final international conference

Department of Environmental Agronomy

and Crop Production - University of Padova, Italy

Further future information refer to

http://www.salvereproject.eu and

[email protected]

Next SALVERE workshops & final conference

Foto: M. Kizekova /SlovakiaFoto: M. Kizekova /Slovakia

http://www.salvereproject.eu/

the eu-salvere project: producing native seeds using ... › rm › boise › research › shrub ›...

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