the epoch of the initial politogenesis

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Social Evolution & History, Vol. 8 No. 1, March 2009 pp. 52–91 The Epoch of the Initial Politogenesis Leonid E. Grinin Volgograd Centre for Social Research Andrey V. Korotayev Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow АBSTRACT We present a general theoretical analysis of processes and models of the formation and development of polities, starting with the level of simple chiefdoms and their analogue s up to the level of the early states and their analogues. This macroevolutionary process is ge- nerally denoted here as primar y (initi al) polit ogenes is , whereas the early state formation process is regarded as a component of the politogenesis. The analysis of politogenesis is made against the wide background of late archaic and early civilizational processes. INTRODUCTION The beginning of politogenesis 1 . Politics as a realm of relations concerning the distribution of power (Smelser 1988) seems to have appeared around the age of the Upper Paleolithic Revolution. Actu- al ly , ce rt ain elements of ‘qua si politica l’ re lati onshi ps may be already found among the non-human primates (see e.g., Dol'nik 2007 on complex and dynamic hierarchical relationships among the ba- boons; see also e.g. , Butovskaya, Korotayev and Kazankov 2000). However, among nomadic hunter-gatherers the power systems re- mained mostly very little differentiated and weakly integrated; on the other hand, the level of their differentiation and integration more or less correlated wi th the ir demogr aphic indicators. The power was mostly based on the age and gender stratification, as well as on the leader's personal qualities and authority , his abil - ity to secure for his community a more or less acceptable life (this was also frequently observed among the early agricultura- Social Evoluti on & History , V ol. 8 No. 1, March 2009 52–91 © 2009 ‘Uchitel’ Publishing House 52

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http://www.springerlink.com/content/119879/

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