The Elections of 1920 and 1928

Hope Stewart

The Roaring TwentiesThe Roaring Twenties

http://www.1920-30.com/

1923 synchronized sound movies

Profession football, tennis, and golf

50 new Broadway shows open

“Bob” hairstyle

Election of 1920

New for the New for the Election of 1920Election of 1920

1. http://blogs.lancasteronline.com/flashbacklancaster/2008/10/09/women-vote-in-1920

3. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~elkridge/History.htm

2. http://history.sandiego.edu/gen/ww1/1919League2.html

1.

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Radio from 1920

Women gain right to vote

Newspaper from Lancaster

Candidates Candidates

Republican

Senator Warren G. Harding Running mate:Calvin Coolidge

http://www.ohiojudicialcenter.gov/w_g_harding.asp

Candidates Candidates

Democrats

Governor James M. Cox

Running mate: Franklin D. Roosevelt

http://www.authentichistory.com/1914-1920/07-nationsforum/NF_26_Prevention_of_War-James_Cox.html

League of Nations DebateLeague of Nations Debate

Republican “Normalcy” Reject league, but

accepts idea of international cooperation

Democrat Support league Willing to make

reservations

Wilson declared this a campaign issue, but lost Democratic nomination.

http://scotland.boys-brigade.org.uk/boys/badges/images/blb/league-of-nations.gif

League of Nations DebateLeague of Nations Debate

Republican “Normalcy” Reject league, but

accepts idea of international cooperation

Democrat Support league Willing to make

reservations

Wilson declared this a campaign issue, but lost Democratic nomination.

http://scotland.boys-brigade.org.uk/boys/badges/images/blb/league-of-nations.gif

ProhibitionProhibition

• January 16, 1920– manufacturing,

selling, or transporting alcohol illegal

– 18th amendment enacted

• Dec 5, 1933– 21st amendment

passed– 18th

amendment is repealed Election of 1920 and 1928 stir

the issue

http://www.sha.org/bottle/labeledbottles.htm “Kum

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http://dbkp.wordpress.com/2008/01/page/9/Women's Temperance

Movement

Prohibition DebateProhibition Debate

Republican• Supports

prohibition • Owned stock in a

Marion, Ohio brewery

Democrat• Will enforce

prohibition• Republicans make

public question this by portraying Cox as ‘wet’

Cox declared that prohibition was not a campaign issue in The New York Times, but many Americans

still viewed this as an unsettled issue.

http://outdoors.webshots.com/photo/1215168042061374347LtqrgU

Bootleg liquor rose in popularity.

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Results

http://www.eons.com/blogs/entry/1162697-American-Electoral-History

Election of 1928

CandidatesCandidates

http://www.jumpusa.com/p61.htm?qts=google&qtk=medicine balls

Republican

Herbert C. HooverProtestant

Running mate:Sen. Charles Curtis

CandidatesCandidates

http://www.reformation.org/vatican_city_state.html

Democrat

Alfred E. SmithRoman Catholic

Running mate:Senator Joseph T. Robinson

http://www.blujay.com/item/Political-Memorabillia-US-Presidential-ALFRED-E-SMITH-paper-7080200-1389308

“A ch

icken fo

r

every pot and a

car in

every

garage.”

-

Hooverhttp://www.ronwade.freeservers.com/templateHOOVER.html

http://www.wnccoins.com/0033.htm

“A man for the

people” -Smith

Prohibition DebateProhibition Debate

Republican• Supports prohibition

Democrat• Claims support for

prohibition– Running mate,

Robinson, supported prohibition

– Smith did not agree with this platform but went along with the party’s choice

• Lost many votes in Bible Belt

http://gallery.pictopia.com/philly/gallery/2394/photo/4798173/?o=1

Confiscated liquor at a DA’s office

Roman Cabinet Meeting http://www.reformation.org/      1928-presidential-election.html

Farmer’s Crisis DebateFarmer’s Crisis Debate

• Farm Depression since 1920 – Farmers were in dept and growing more

than they needed to after WWI ended– Crop prices fell drastically because of

huge surplus and suddenly lower consumer rate

http://dailylife.greenwood.com/teacher/activity.asp?id=DLO_AH_SE_L29http://www.kautz.ca/history/1928%20Friedrich%20Kautz%20Family%20&%20Herter%20in%20Heimthal,%20Russia.gif

Farmer families during economic

boom of WWI

Farm DebateFarm DebateRepublican• Create stabilization

corporations :– Raise farmer’s income– Raise the grain price of

the world– Limit crop production– Grant government loans

to farmers who kept their crops from the market

Democrat• Provide government

support to those whose agriculture directly provided raw materials for other US industries

http://www.foodsubs.com/Photos/potatoes-group.jpg

McNary-Haugen Farm Bill Debate

Republican• Rejects bill

Democrat• Does not support or

reject in campaign

Meant to make the world price and domestic price of produce equal in USAdded a tariff on imported cropsIn debate since 1924

oAfter finally passing both houses, it was vetoed by President Calvin Coolidge, Harding’s successor and Hoover’s predecessor

Senator McNary (left) with Representative Haugen

(right)

Radio’s Impact

• Smith– Inspirational

speaker– New York accent

hurt vote in West and South

• Hoover– Reserved speaker– Came across as

thoughtful

Both: http://www.coverbrowser.com/covers/radio-news/3

Magazine cover from January 1928

Ad for Radio for sale in 1928

Results

http://www.eons.com/blogs/entry/1162697-American-Electoral-History

http://jewelry.ha.com/common/auction/pricesrealized.php?hdnSearch=true&cboDenomination=Political:Pinback+Buttons+%281896-present%29&ic=homepage_browse

Effect of the Elections:1920 and 1928

• Running mates Calvin Coolidge and Franklin D. Roosevelt become presidents

• Prohibition ends in 1933•  US never joins the

League of Nations• Federal Farm Board

establishedBottom:http://capecodbranding.files.wordpress.com/2008/12/calvincoolidge.jpg

Top: http://herokids.wordpress.com/2008/04/07/this-week-in-heroes-franklin-delano-roosevelt/

Pres. Calvin Coolidge

Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt

Works CitedWorks Cited"Al Smith." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 30 Jan. 2010

<http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/549669/Al-Smith>. Bovard, James. "Hoover’s Second Wrecking of American Agriculture." LewRockell.com. The Future

of Freedom Foundation, 6 Apr. 2006. Web. 24 Jan. 2010. <http://www.lewrockwell.com/bovard/ bovard25.html>.

"Election of 1920." Elections. Online Highways, Web. 14 Jan. 2010. <http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h890.html>.

"Gov. Cox Declares Prohibition is Not a Campaign Issuse." The New York Times [New York] 12 Sept. 1920:Rpt. in The New York Times. The New York Times. Web. 16 Jan. 2010. <http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/ pdf?_r=1&res=9E02EEDE173AE532A25751C1A96F9C946195D6CF>.

Kilkenny, Niall. "The 1928 Presidential Election." Reformation.2007. Web. 16 Jan. 2010. <http://www.reformation.org/1928-presidential-election.html>.

"McNary-Haugen Bill." ReferenceAnswers. Web. 21 Jan. 2010. <http://www.answers.com/ topic/mcnary-haugen-bill>. N.K.

"Election of 1928: Hoover, Smith, and the Beginning of the End for Republican Dominance." Associated Content 7 Apr. 2006: 1. Web. 14 Jan. 2010. <http://www.associatedcontent.com/ article/25814/election_of_1928_hoover_smith_and_the.html>.

"The Presidential Election of 1920 ." Nation's Forum Collection . N.p., Jan.-Feb. 2001. Web. 14 Jan. 2010. <http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/nfexpe.html>.

"Prohibition in the United States." 1920's Prohibition. N.p., 2005. Web. 16 Jan. 2010. <http://www.1920-30.com/prohibition/>.

Schoenherr, Steven. "The League of Nations Fight." WWI Timeline. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Feb. 2006. <http://history.sandiego.edu/gen/ww1/1919League2.html>.