the effects of plastics in our aquatic environment...microplastic contamination in the great lakes...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chelsea M. Rochman, Assistant Professor Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment
![Page 2: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Web of Science All Databases “plastic debris” OR “microplastic”
![Page 4: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Contamination
Macroplastics(>5 mm)
Microplastics (< 5mm)
![Page 5: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Rochman, 2018 Science
![Page 6: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Microplastics
Primary vs. Secondary (broken down bits of larger plastic products)
Categories (shape) – fragments, fibers, foam, sphere, pellet, film
Polymer Type – PP, PE, PVC, PET, PS, acrylic, styrene butadiene, PC, nylon…
Chemical Additives – UV Stabilizers, Flame Retardants, Plasticizers, etc…
Size – nm to µm to mm
![Page 7: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Geyer et al., 2017 Science Advances
![Page 9: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Photo Credit: Tim Kelly Photo Credit: earthknight
![Page 10: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Law, Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci. 2017
What are the most significant sources of plastic debris?
![Page 11: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Jelena Grbic
Measuring the sources and sinks of microplastics in urban watersheds
![Page 12: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Lake Ontario Sneak Peek
Grbic et al., in prep
![Page 13: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Agricultural
Runoff
WWTP Stormwater
Runoff
L Ontario
L Ontario Sneak Peek
Grbic et al., in prep
![Page 14: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
90%
2…0.2%
4%4%0.2%
0.2%
Wastewater Effluent
30%
15%26%
26%
3%
Agricultural Runoff
1%
28%
2%
25%2%
20%
22%
Urban Runoff
22%
2%
21%28%
1%
20%
6%Reference
Category Summary
L Ontario Sneak Peek
Grbic et al., in prep
![Page 15: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
L Ontario Sneak Peek
Grbic et al., in prep
![Page 16: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
L Ontario Sneak Peek
Grbic et al., in prep
![Page 17: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes
(litter, commercial processes)
(personal care products)
(rope, line/net, clothing, cig butts)
(packing, food containers, insulation)
(plastic bags, wrapping)
Categories (potential sources)
/ “Nurdles”
Helm et al., unpublished data
![Page 19: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Pla
stic
Par
ticl
es
(#)
/ kg
>27,000
Ballent, Corcoran et al., Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2016
201220142015
19
Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes
![Page 20: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
>800 species
>220 species
Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 2016
FAO Report 2017
![Page 21: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Nfish = 266
Me
an #
Mic
rop
last
ics
/ fi
sh
Keenan MunnoU of T; MECP
Microplastics in Lake Ontario nearshore fish
Munno et al., unpublished data
![Page 22: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Lake ErieLake Ontario
Mohawk IslandPier 27 Centre Island
Brookson et al., 2019 CJFAS
Microplastics in Great Lakes cormorants
![Page 23: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Impacts can be physical or chemical
Plas cDebris
styrenes
PCBs
PBDEs
BPA
phthalates
PAHs
Ni
Pb
ChemicalIngredients
ChemicalByproducts
SorbedContaminants
CocktailofToxicants
Rochman 2015 Chapter in Marine Anthropogenic Litter
![Page 26: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Mussels: Browne et al., 2008 ES&T
Fish: Collard et al., 2017 Environ Pollut
Fate of microplastic and nanoplastics in the body
Mice: Deng et al., 2017 Scientific Reports
![Page 27: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Image by Rolf Halden, Professor at Arizona State University
Chemical Impact
![Page 28: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Rochman et al., 2014 Science of the Total Environment
Jang et al., 2016 ES&T
Tanaka et al., 2015 ES&T; Tanaka et al., 2013 Mar Pollut Bull
Chemicals from microplastics can transfer to wildlife.
![Page 29: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Law, Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci. 2017,
adapted from Rochman et al. Ecology 2015
![Page 30: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Assemblage
Population
Organism
Level
of
bio
log
ical o
rgan
izati
on
Size of debris
nm μm mm cm m km
Organ System
Organ
Tissue
Cell
Organelle
Molecular Assemblies
Macromolecules
Small molecules
Atoms
Subatomic Particles
0
1- 5
6- 10
11- 20
21- 30
#ofEffects
Ecosystem
The Evidence Demonstrating Impacts to aquatic biota is Growing
Bucci, Rochman, et al. unpublished
![Page 31: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Assemblage
Population
Organism
Level
of
bio
log
ical o
rgan
izati
on
Size of debris
nm μm mm cm m km
Organ System
Organ
Tissue
Cell
Organelle
Molecular Assemblies
Macromolecules
Small molecules
Atoms
Subatomic Particles
0
1- 5
6- 10
11- 20
21- 30
#ofEffects
Ecosystem
EffectwasTestedAndDemonstrated
Assemblage
Population
Organism
Le
ve
l o
f b
iolo
gic
al o
rga
niz
ati
on
Size of debris
nm μm mm cm m km
Organ System
Organ
Tissue
Cell
Organelle
Molecular Assemblies
Macromolecules
Small molecules
Atoms
Subatomic Particles
0
1 - 5
6 - 10
11 - 20
21 - 30
# of Null EffectsEcosystem
Effect was Tested And Not Demonstrated
> 30
Effect Detected vs Not Detected
Bucci, Rochman, et al. unpublished
![Page 32: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
What makes an effect detected vs not detected?- type of microplastic- size of microplastic- shape of microplastic- taxa- dose of microplastic- length of exposure
![Page 33: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Beached plasticClean polyethylene
2 mm
Effects of microplastics on Fathead minnows?
Consistent size, colour, concentration, shape
Clean polypropylene
Kennedy Bucci
![Page 34: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Control
1. Physical interaction 2. Chemical interaction
Low(140 particles/L)
n =5Treatments
Microplastic
fragments
(100-500 µm)
High(1400 particles/L)
No plastic
Low(140 particles/L)
High(1400 particles/L)
Bucci et al., unpublished
![Page 35: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
MortalityPhysical
Chemical
Exposure scenario
Polyethylene Beached plastic
*
p<0.005
Physical Chemical
Treatment
% M
ort
alit
y
Physical Chemical
Treatment
Bucci et al., unpublished
![Page 36: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
500 µm
Developmental deformities
1 mm
Ocular enlargement
500 µm
1 mm200 µm
Severe spinal deformities
500 µm
200 µm
14
Other
Bucci et al., unpublished
![Page 37: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Impacts to Humans
Ecological ImpactsPhysical or Particle
ToxicityAlter Nutritional
Value
Karami et al., 2018
![Page 38: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
hernia mesh
prosthetic hip
What does the medical literature tell us?
Physical Impact of the Particle
![Page 39: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
FAO Report 2017; Data from Rochman et al., 2016 Ecology
![Page 40: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Widespread Contamination in habitats and animals – incl. seafood and drinking water.
Evidence of effects to wildlife – particularly macroplastics – including to populations and communities.
Evidence of effects of microplastics in lab animals, populations and communities.
Continue to aim toward a better understanding of sources, fate and impacts to humans and wildlife populations.
![Page 41: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
• Identify local entry points for microplastics into the Great Lakes
• Understand the fate of microplastics and associated chemicals in the environment
• Determine ecologically relevant impacts of microplastics:
• Environmentally relevant laboratory studies, laboratory ecosystem study (mesocosm), field studies, multi-stressor
• Identify impacts to human health and food security
• Improve methods for quantifying and characterizing microplastics in complex matrices.
Next Big Questions and Research Needs for Microplastics:
![Page 42: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Science
Solutions
In the meantime, we have enough science to begin to mitigate now and prevent future sources of plastic pollution.
![Page 43: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Hayley McIlwraith
Jack Lin
Testing microfiber mitigation
2 strategies: both reduce microfibers in washing machine effluent
↓ 26%
↓ 87%
Photos: coraball.com / www.environmentalenhancements.com
Cora ball Lint LUV-R
McIlwraith, et al. in review
![Page 48: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
1,179,057 households
(Statistics Canada, 2017)
48
219 wash loads per household per
year
(NRC, 2011)
City of Toronto example
90,700 to 138,000 microfibers per wash load
(our study)
23 to 36 trillion microfibers emitted per year
x x =
![Page 49: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
1,179,057 households
(Statistics Canada, 2017)
49
219 wash loads per household per
year
(NRC, 2011)
City of Toronto example
90,700 to 138,000 microfibers per wash load
(our study)
23 to 36 trillion microfibers emitted per year
x x =Cora ball
Lint LUV-R
↓ 6 to 9 trillion microfibers
↓ 20 to 31 trillion microfibers
![Page 50: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Bioretention Rain Garden
![Page 51: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Treatment Efficiency
249
41
316
257 17
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Jan. 3 Feb. 9 Mar. 24
# p
arti
cle
s/1
00
L
INLET
• Mean 92% reduction (n=3)
OUTLET
![Page 52: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Community Outreach
![Page 53: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 55: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
L Ontario Sneak Peek
Grbic et al., in prep
![Page 56: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
- In 100% of fish sampled
- 96.9% of microplastics in fish are fibers
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
Great Lakes (n = 21) Tributaries (n = 107) x Fish (n = 70)
Sample
valu
e
Type
Beads
Fibers
Films
Fragments
Foams
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
Great Lakes (n = 21) Tributaries (n = 107) x Fish (n = 70)
Sample
valu
e
Type
Beads
Fibers
Films
Fragments
Foams
Rel
ativ
e ab
un
dan
ce
0
1.0
0.5
0.25
0.75
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
Great Lakes (n = 21) Tributaries (n = 107) x Fish (n = 70)
Sample
valu
e
Type
Beads
Fibers
Films
Fragments
Foams
Fibers 96.9%
Fragments 2.5%
Films <1%
Beads <1%
Foams 0%
Microplastics in Lake Ontario pelagic fish
Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax)
Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
Erdle et al., unpublished data
![Page 57: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1N
um
ber
of
part
icle
s (
per
litre
of
wate
r)
Station
Fragment
Fibre
![Page 59: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Data Reporting
Calibration standards & recovery reporting
LOD/LOQ reporting (when applicable)
Blank subtraction
Sample Analysis
Chemical Identification of Material
Sample Preparation
Clean laboratory practices Laboratory blanksReduction of plastic
supplies, clothing, etc. used
Sample Collection
Clean surfaces & containers Field blanksKeep samples covered to
mitigate contamination
![Page 60: The Effects of Plastics in our Aquatic Environment...Microplastic contamination in the Great Lakes >800 species >220 species Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081613/5fb85646799a1558c9467e05/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Method Development to better quantify and characterize microplastics