the effects of climate change on the grasshoppers of the
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The effects of climate change on the grasshoppers of the southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado. The effects of climate change on the grasshoppers of the southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado. SETTING UP THE CONTEXT: 1. Climate change & its effects on organisms - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The effects of climate change on the grasshoppers of the southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado
http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/entomology/hopper/orthoptera_home.htm
SETTING UP THE CONTEXT:
1. Climate change & its effects on organisms
2. Gordon Alexander’s 1958-1960 grasshopper survey along an elevational gradient
3. Grasshoppers and Climate Change Activity
The effects of climate change on the grasshoppers of the southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado
Climate Change
Over the last century, global temperatures have increased by 0.74 + 0.18 C0
1.30 + 0.32 F0
Deviations from 1961-1990 average
(IPCC 2007)
Climate Change
Over the last century, global temperatures have increased by 0.74 + 0.18 C0
1.30 + 0.32 F0
(IPCC 2007)
Deviations from 1961-1990 average
The hottest 11 years on record in order (since 1880)
2010 2005 1998 2003 2002 2009 2006 2007 2004 2001/ 2011
Warming temperatures may affect organisms in a variety of ways
i. Phenology (timing of annual biological events)
ii. Distributions
iii. Local Extinctions
Phenology: The timing of annual biological events
For plants: first flush of leaves, first flowering or fruiting dates, when leaves turn in the fall
For animals: breaking of hibernation or diapause, egg-laying dates, timing of migration, when different life stages are reached
Warming temperatures may affect organisms in a variety of ways
i. Phenology (timing of annual biological events)
ii. Distributions
iii. Local Extinctions
Higher elevations: median rate of 11m per decade
Higher latitudes: median rate of 17 km per decade
Chen et al 2011
Warming temperatures may affect organisms in a variety of ways
i. Phenology (timing of annual biological events)
ii. Distributions
iii. Local Extinctions
http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/entomology/hopper/orthoptera_home.htm
SETTING UP THE CONTEXT:
1. Climate change & its effects on organisms
2. Gordon Alexander’s 1958-1960 grasshopper survey along an elevational gradient
3. Grasshoppers and Climate Change Activity
The effects of climate change on the grasshoppers of the southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado
1958-1960 Gordon Alexander survey NSF supported project ($25,000) Goal: document species, distributions & phenology of local grasshoppers
Don Van Horn
Don Van Horn
BOULDER
D1 C1 B1 A1
Chautauqua Mesa
N
W
1958-1960 - Surveyed grasshoppers at 8 main sites (weekly basis, March-Sept)
- Valmont Butte to weather station C1 (foothills to subalpine gradient)
- 1,615 m (5,300 ft) to 3,048 m (10,000 ft)
Colorado
1958-1960 Gordon Alexander Grasshopper Survey
Alexander kept extensive fieldnotes for all weekly collectingevents at each site
- species present
- developmental stages
- abundance
Grasshoppers have 5 developmental stages before they become adults
BOULDER
D1 C1 B1 A1
- 4 sites adjacent to weather stations
- A1- D1 Stations set up in the early 1950’s (currently maintained by Niwot LTER)
Chautauqua Mesa
1958-1960 Gordon Alexander survey
Dr. John MarrFounded INSTAARMnt Research station
N
W
Gordon Alexander survey
Allow us to
- examine the effects of climate change on a community level
- examine the effects of climate change at different sites
Provides
- detailed weather station data to correlate with changes in phenology
Single species studies: Most species advancingCommunity level analyses: 25% not advancing Parmesan & Yohe 2003; Parmesan 2007
http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/entomology/hopper/orthoptera_home.htm
SETTING UP THE CONTEXT:
1. Climate change & its effects on organisms
2. Gordon Alexander’s 1958-1960 grasshopper survey along an elevational gradient
3. Grasshoppers and Climate Change Activity
The effects of climate change on the grasshoppers of the southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado
http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/entomology/hopper/orthoptera_home.htm
4. Grasshoppers and Climate Change Activity
i) How has climate changed along an elevational gradient in the Rocky Mountains?
ii) How have grasshopper communities responded to warming along the elevational gradient?
iii) How might grasshopper phenology be affected by future estimates of climate change?
The effects of climate change on the grasshoppers of the southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado
Students will work in one of four groups-each group will be in charge of a given life zone
Each group will be responsible for processing the sampling data associated each of the four sampling site (life zone)
Chautauqua Mesa - 1752m (5750ft) Plains
Gerald M. Fauske
Group 1
Station A1 - 2195m (7200 ft) Foothills
Gerald M. Fauske
Group 2
Station B1 - 2591m (8500ft) Montane
Gerald M. Fauske
Group 3
Station C1 - 3048m (10000 ft) Subalpine
Gerald M. Fauske
Group 4