the effect of school facility allocation to city center development base on dynamic spatial...

GEO-AN-MOD-5 of ICCSA 2010. March 24, 2010, KSU, Fukuoka, Japan

The Effect of School Facility Allocation to City The Effect of School Facility Allocation to City Center Development Base on Dynamic Spatial Center Development Base on Dynamic Spatial

Structure Model Structure Model

Shyh-Haw Chyan Hsiao-Lan Liu, Feng-Tyan Lin

Taiwan, R. O. C.Lan-Yan Technological Institute, Department of Architecture

Ph D. National Taipei University


IntroductionIntroduction

The city public facility supplies the convenience of family living to reduce the transportation cost and increase the housing rent.

The studies of Urban Rent focused on the investigation of land rent (Knos 1962, Hartshorn 1992) , and the calculation of mathematical rent function (Alonso, Fujita, White, Wieand…. ).

The Dynamic Spatial Structure Modeling (DSSM, Chyan and Liu) was a bid rent simulating model of interactive multi-users of multiple nuclei city and studied the spatial structure and developing continuously of the core-periphery.


In Taiwan, the general family will choose to be close to the places of some facilities in the house, as primary school, market or public garden, in order to reduce to the traffic cost of going to these facilities, and raise the price of land.

The aggregation families will influence the local land price and development of the community while close to the school.

The DSSM set up the travel cost of working and consuming to figure out the rent of cells on the GIS package, it created a simulation method of multi-level cores city development, which find the variation style and reason of highest-level cores change.

It studies the effect of facility for city spatial development with spatial structure, Turbo- cornutus, and location sensitivity.


The model construction The model construction

The city system

Firms

RetialService

Residential

People

Labor

Service orGoods

Price

Building&

Land

Trafic

Rent

Trip Cost

Immigration

People

Emigration

Labo

rSal

ary

Ser

vice

or

Goo

ds

Pr ice

Supply Land

RoadSalary

SystemArea

Service orGoods Money Residential Sector

PrimarySchool

EducationStudent

Trip Cost

Rent

Trip Cost


The model constructionThe model construction

The economic model of land user

twa : the commuting trip distance of artery,tws : the commuting trip distance of alley, uwa : the unit trip cost of commuting in the artery, uws : the unit trip cost of commuting in the alley, tca : the consuming trip distance of artery, tcs : the consuming trip distance of alley, uca : the unit trip cost of consuming in the artery,ucs : the unit trip cost of consuming in the alley, Bl : the student number of family,tla : the going to school trip distance of artery, tls : the going to school trip distance of alley, ula : the unit trip cost of going to school in the artery, uls : the unit trip cost of going to school in the alley.

Bc : the quantity of consumer for a family, Pc : the consuming money of every consumer of family, R : the per unit rent of a house land, Th : the land area of house unity, W : the wage of ever worker, Bw : the worker number, tw : the commuting distance of job, uw : the transportation cost of unit distance for commuting, tc : the trip distance of consuming, uc : the transport cost of unit distance for consuming trip.


Neighborhood model of city development General Neighborhood

Threshold Neighborhood model


The road development model Two kinds of road: artery and alley. The artery road developing modeling The city original center is at intersection with three artery roads As population growing and city scope expanding, the city government

constructs the new arteries to contact the growing area and other artery roads

(d) the new growingsettlement and

connecting roads

(c) the newartery contactingthe other artery

(a) the initialsettlements of city

(b) the newgrowing

settlement


The assumption of school size and locational selection The school size is according to the criterion of Taiwanese regulatio

n; the area of a primary school is 2 hectare[1], about a circular with 80m radius. [1] The criticism standard of Public Facility Land

School location is supposed as Figure 3, the new school is located in the middle of two school districts, and there are most residents in the school district.

(a)

(b) New primary school

Existing school and the radius of school district

The residential area


The condition of the new core emerging on periphery is that rent of new house at new core-periphery boundary is equal to the rent at old core-periphery boundary.

tj

Hj C_j

dij

ti

Hi

C_i

Figure 4 The Parameters of Function 10


The modeling integration

GeneralNeighborhood

The Aggregationof

Similar Land User

Rent Modeling

Choice New Coresfrom

the Supreme Rent atCity's boundary

ThresholdNeighborhood

The Quantity Relationof

Dissimilar Land User inCore-Periphery

New retails emerge onthe out of periphery

I II

III

IV

V

Road development

Construct New Artery toconnect the radiated

Artery wayY

If New Cores arelarge than Orginal

Core.

N

Decide New Core'sPeriphery

fromIso-rent Line

New school setting up

*the middle of newservice area*the most population ofservice radius

If population are largethan the service area

population of existschools.

Y

N


The test sheet of rent for household

ItemCase 1at center

Case 250m artery50m alley

Case 3500m artery500m alley

Employee number, Bw 1.5 1.5 1.5

Wage, W 40,000 40,000 40,000

The family income, Bw×W ＝ 60,000 60,000 60,000

Employee number, Bw 1.5 1.5 1.5

Trip cost of artery road in commuting, uwa 800 800 800

Commute distance of artery road, twa 0 0.05 0.5

Trip cost of alley road in commuting, uws 1,200 1,200 1,200

Commute distance of alley road, tws 0 0.05 0.5

Bw×(uwa×twa+ uws×tws)= 0 150 1500

Number of consumer in family, Bc 4 4 4

Trip cost of artery road in consuming, uca 240 240 240

Consuming distance of artery road, tca 0 0.05 0.5

Trip cost of alley road in consuming, ucs 360 360 360

Consuming distance of alley road, tcs 0 0.05 0.5

Bc×(uca×tca+ucs×tcs)= 0 120 1200

Number of going to school in family, Bl 1 1 1

Trip cost of artery road in schooling, ula 800 800 800

School distance of artery road, tla 0 0.05 0.5

Trip cost of alley road in schooling, uls 1,200 1,200 1,200

School distance of alley road tls 0 0.05 0.5

Bl×(ula× tla+ uls× tls )= 0 100 1000

Consumption of every one, Pc 10,000 10,000 10,000

Number of consumer in family, Bc 4 4 4

Pc× Bc ＝ 40,000 40,000 40,000

Total Rent, R×Th = 20,000 19,630 16,300


The simulation result and discuss The simulation result and discuss

After 250 developing simulation, as Figure 5, there are 23 core-peripheries, 122916 people, 30729 house units, and 1647 retail units. The locations and schooling districts of seven schools are as Figure 6.

There are 14 and 61% cores at artery, 9 cores are at alley.


They are divided into five levels C1, C121, C123, C124, and C133 are the main cores of different levels. The quantity rate of core levels is 1:3:7:12. The k factor of urban

hierarchy 2 ≒


It is started from C1 core-periphery, the 502 housing units and the 50 retail units.

The development of the 42rd period has had the C2 core and the three circles expansion,

the 91st period develops C3 core-periphery,

the 125th period emerges the C5 core-periphery.

The cores of C111 and C112 appear at the 163rd period,

the four cores of C13s come on at the 209th period,

and at the 250th period the periphery of C13s has developed.


The result of simulation Observing the C1 and Sh1, the core is developed to the direction of the school. It is saving trip-cost for living near the school. The C112 core and Sh4_2, C5 and Sh2 have same phoneme. The school at the city periphery could divide the cores at the random position and school fringe, as C131a, C131b, and Sh5_2, and C102a, C102b and Sh3. Because the saving trip cost of going to school make the iso-rent-line emerging two highest rent points. For the aggregation of facility for saving trip cost, the school makes the neighbor to develop more high level core, as C111 and C112, they has the school and artery road. The positions of school and core are unable to cooperate with each others; it will be the higher core without facility service, like as the C134 core does not locate in the schooling area of Sh5_1 and Sh5_2. It is the reason why of the quantity of school in reality city more than in simulation.


Turbo-cornutus development there are more small cores on C1 surrounds initial stage from C2 to C8, the trip-cost for the going to school to make the periphery area become smaller.

The school is one factor of Turbo-cornutus development to make the new cores around the already developed area, as C133 & Sh3, C111& Sh4_1, and C112 & Sh4_2.


The sensitive analysis of facility & city The sensitive analysis of facility & city core positioncore position


Conclusion and Suggestion Conclusion and Suggestion

The effects of facility for this study are: The facility's figuration affects to delay the emergence time of hi

gher level cores, until C101. The facility with high trip costs could be separating the core deve

loped at that time into two places, as C102 and C131. Some retails aggregate on the out of school, the others aggregate at high rent point.

The giant facility and core very closely is unsuitable, as school. It will limit the development of core area.

For the spatial policy, the government can utilize the facilities to strengthen or weaken central development.

If they want a CBD improving the level, it has to consider moving the giant and low service efficiency facility.

Different live style of citizen has different trip cost item. How to consider different style people's transportation cost in models, it will be a great challenge of studying in the future.

End and Thanks for your attention

the effect of school facility allocation to city center development base on dynamic spatial...

Documents

trip cost of artery

school trip distance

trip cost of alley road

school trip distance

trip distance of consuming

unit trip cost of consuming

unit trip cost of commuting

commute distance of