the effect of fictional media on future cybercrime. presented by jessica eastell and peter lowery...

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The Effect of Fictional Media on Future Cybercrime. Presented by Jessica Eastell and Peter Lowery

15/05/2015 Jessica Eastell and Peter Lowery

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Background

• What defines factual media?

• Types of fictional media

• Games

• TV

• Films


Jessica Eastell and Peter Lowery 4

Potential influences

• Difficult to predict

• Lots of possibilities

• Main influences from the research

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Is it real? - Games

• Watch_Dogs

• Cars

• Cash Machines

• Traffic lights

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https://youtu.be/1hpU_Neg1KA?t=1m42s


Is it real? - Games

• Cars

• Examined the Controller Area Network (CAN)

• Able to control:

• Display & Radio

• Body controller & Environment

• Engine & Breaks

• Wireless access through tyre pressure monitoring system

• 10m with a basic antenna / 40m with a low noise amplifier

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Is it real? - Games

• Cash Machines

• Physical access needed

• Independent cash machines

• Tyupkin malware

• Machines pre-infected

• Activated through keypad

• Barnaby Jack - Jackpotting

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Is it real? - Games

• Traffic lights

• Signals intercepted for about $100

• Vulnerable systems have no encryption or authentication

• Accessed from a drone 650 feet above

• Possible from up to two miles away

• Electric road signs

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Is it real? - TV

• Homeland

• Vice President is killed through pacemaker hacking

• Influences:

• In 2007 Dick Cheney had his pacemaker’s wireless capabilities disabled

• Barnaby Jack’s research into Implantable Medical Devices (IMDs)


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Is it real? - TV

• Implantable Medical Devices (IMDs)• Pacemakers

• 830-volt shock from 50 feet away

• Serial and model numbers

• No documented direct uses

• “could definitely result in fatalities”

• Insulin Pumps

• In 2010 an insulin pump was hacked from 100 feet away

• Dump The entire contents

• Prevent the insulin being distributed

• Barnaby Jack managed to improve on this

• 300 feet away without the pump ID



Is it real? - Films

• Interstellar

• Drone hacked in mid-air

• Skyfall

• Gas explosion targeted government building

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Is it real? - Films

• Drone hacking

• The Pentagon is deploying “Electronic Armour”

• After downing of a U.S. RQ-170 military drone in Iran

• Claimed to be a cyber-attack

• Samy Kamkar has engineered SkyJack

• Control a drone with other drones

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Is it real? - Films

• Gas explosions

• SCADA systems

• “Stuxnet” influence

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<<<<<Your Name Here>>>>> 1415/05/2015

The CSI Effect


The CSI Effect

• Is the effect in which an individual believes that the forensic science in crime show television programmes are completely true

• Coined in the year 2000

• This affects criminals as well as the average layperson

• Should crime shows be more factual?• New CSI Cyber

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Crime Shows

• People have the appeal of working out the suspect in a crime show

• Because of this:• Crime shows are easy to follow• Easy to determine the suspect

• The investigation has to fit inside an episode• Quick and easy

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Cyber Crime in fictional television shows

• New CSI Cyber• Cyber criminals are more dangerous than ordinary killers• Nothing connected to the internet is safe from hackers

• First episode contained baby monitors being hacked• Episodes about the Internet of Things

• The cyber-crime from these shows get taken out of the news• “I keep thinking if I could just turn in one hacker at a time, nothing

like that will ever happen again”• Main Characters behavioural psychology practice got hacked and all of the

records got stolen

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RFC 1392: Internet Users’ Glossary

• Hacker• “A person who delights in having an intimate understanding of the

internal workings of a system, computers and computer networks in particular. The term is often misused in a pejorative context, where "cracker" would be the correct term.”

• Cracker• “an individual who attempts to access computer systems without

authorization. These individuals are often malicious, as opposed to hackers, and have many means at their disposal for breaking into a system.”

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“I keep thinking if I could just turn in one hacker at a time, nothing like that will ever happen again”

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The Factual Media (Media Effect)

• People have access to factual news throughout their daily lives

• The average person relies heavily on the news• Can be accessed through many sources 24/7 across the globe

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• Hacking is used instead of cracking• Become well known

• Has it become the correct term?

• The media is known for over sensationalising topics• If the information is wrong

• Audience will get a false representation of the topic

• Opinions of the writers is critical

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Jessica Eastell and Peter Lowery 2215/05/2015


The Tech Effect

• Impact which advances in science and technology have on various aspects of culture

• Comparing the real life technology with the fictional technology

• Police don’t have the technologies that are available in the fictional television shows

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In CSI Cyber

• Malware software which changes colour when malware has been identified

• If only it was that easy

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The Inverse CSI Effect

As Richard Overill rightly pointed out:

Crime shows broadcast onto television screens not only effect the average layperson and jury members but also criminals

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• Criminals who would be frequent watchers of CSI shows

• Change their MO in two ways• To fit the hackers on the television show

• To become more discreet and restrict their activities• Cybercrime much harder to detect and find the suspect

• To stop their criminal activities • Television shows depict cybercrime solving as easy and

effortless

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Does the CSI Effect exist?

• Research is conflicting

• No substantial evidence to suggest the CSI Effect exists

• CSI Effect is a small factor, which without other factors would not require attention

• Tech Effect• Media Effect

• If criminals are not effected by television shows what are they effected by?

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Influence on future crime

• How would you know?• Conduct Surveys

• Increase in Documentaries / factual programs• More factual means more people know how to “hack”

• Will that influence more cyber crime and cyber attacks

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What can be done

• Education• Good for the average person• Bad for potential Criminals• Education on Jury members

• Before they go into court

• CSI Effect in digital evidence will increase in the next 10 years

• Digital Forensics and cyber-crime is relatively new in the television industry

• Both positive and negative

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Questions?

• Jessica – [email protected]

• Peter – [email protected]

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mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

the effect of fictional media on future cybercrime. presented by jessica eastell and peter lowery...

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