the earth as humanity’s home
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The Earth as Humanity’s Home . Chapter 3 Part 1- The Organization of Humanity . Spaceship Earth . The term spaceship earth is used to signify the finiteness (limited) of earth’s resources . Late Cenozoic Ice Age - last great ice age that ended 10,000 years ago - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Earth as Humanity’s Home
Chapter 3Part 1- The Organization of
Humanity
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Spaceship Earth The term spaceship earth is used to signify
the finiteness (limited) of earth’s resources
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Late Cenozoic Ice Age- last great ice age that ended 10,000 years ago
Global temperatures fell and rebounded repeatedly, causing polar ice caps to expand and retract
Glaciers changed the landscape & humans and animals migrated to warmer latitudes influencing humanities dispersal across the planet
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Holocene epoch- the most recent 12,000 years; the warm phase that followed the latest advance of the ice
This time is know as an interglaciationDuring this time the earth changed as never
before But keep in mind that as humanity & its
activities expands, nature recedes
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Plant Domestication Process began in the Holocene Carl Sauer suggested it began in
southeastern Asia He believes it started with the cultivation of
root crops Planned cultivation of seed plants is a more
complex process that is believed to have developed in more than one area at different times
Most believe it first happened in southwestern Asia in the Fertile Crescent (area between the Tigris & Euphrates rivers)….Started the first Agricultural Revolution
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Fertile Crescent
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Animal Domestication Took place during same time period,
Holocene Ex. Goats in Zagros Mountains, sheep in
Turkey
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Early Settlements Plant & animal domestication allowed
humans to live in stable, permanent settlements for the first time in human history
First settlements began to appear in an area near Southwest Asia
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With these new settlements a social stratification developed
Society moved to a system of classes based on wealth, power, influence, etc
With this social ladder, competition developed & people rose above others & villages rose above other villages in their power
This started the transition from villages to cities
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Remember: Why did these villages & cities develop
here?
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Other places where advancements in were being made in agriculture & societies developing…
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Early Cities & States Cities in the Fertile Crescent became centers
of political power, economic strength & religious dominance
Babylon was one of the largest & most powerful
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Babylon The tallest structure in all of Mesopotamia
was located in the middle of the city….the Ziggurat, or tower of the great temple