The Early Republic (1788-1808)Also called “the Critical Period” by historians…WHY??

Most of Chapter 7 and the backdrop for:

Debate Over the Ratification of the

Constitution (1787-1789) Leads

Temporary Factions to Evolve into

Permanent Political Parties

Federalists• Nationalists

• Urban

• Business & Social Elite

• Pro British

• Mainly Northern

Anti - Federalists• States Rightists

• Rural/Agricultural interests

• Favor interests of “common man”

• Pro French

• Mainly Southern & Western

Hamiltonians (Federalists)

Nationalists

“Loose Constructionists”

Jeffersonians (Democratic-Republicans)

States Rights

“Strict Construction”

The interpretation of the Necessary & Proper clause (aka the “elastic” clause) of

the Constitution at the center of the division between the early political parties

who were lead by Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson

Chapter 7 HW - Group #1: What was Hamilton’s vision for the

new United States? What policies did he implement to achieve it?

How was Jefferson’s vision different?

Mention: Hamilton, Jefferson & Washington, National Credit, Assumption of State

Debts, Bank of the United States, Taxes & Tariffs, Democratic Republicans

Directions: Carefully read pp. 204-207. Include references to the terms listed

above in your answer. Answer in your own voice.

• Assumption of States Debts

– Binds states financial interests

• Funding of government notes (IOU’s) “at Par”

– Investors like this, debtors do not

• Establish Income

– Tariff, land sales, excise tax

• Regulate Currency & Banking – Bank of the United States – “BUS”

Hamilton’s “Financial Plans”

Cabinet Battle #1 (Jefferson vs Hamilton's financial plan)If you were assigned Group 1 HW, you should explain the song to rest of your small group

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bb1XJCZtdt8

Results of Hamilton’s Plans

• Further polarize Federalist & Democratic-

Republicans and contributes to permanent new

political parties

• Improved U.S. credit abroad

• BUS charter approved for 20 years

• Modest tariff approved (not yet “protective”)

• Capital moved south to “District of Columbia”

• Whiskey Rebellion put down by federal force

Chapter 7 HW - Group #2: How did the French Revolution divide

many Americans and impact politics in the new United States?

Mention: Proclamation of Neutrality, Whisky Rebellion, Jay’s Treaty, XYZ Affair,

Political Parties, Alien & Sedition Acts, Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions

Directions: Carefully read pp. 208-212. Include references to the terms listed

above in your answer. Answer in your own voice.

Cabinet Battle #2 (Hamilton vs Jefferson on French Aid)If you were assigned Group 2 HW, you should explain the song to rest of your small group

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRI37yamL4Q

Chapter 7 HW - Group #3: What significant actions did Thomas Jefferson

take as president that demonstrated his “republican” beliefs? Why were many of

these action controversial?

Mention: Barbary Pirates, Marbury v. Madison, Bank of the United States,

Louisiana Purchase, Strict Interpretations of the Constitution, Lewis & Clark

Directions: Carefully read pp. 217-221. Include references to the terms listed

above in your answer. Answer in your own voice.

TJ after the Election of 1800

• Hamilton ends up throwing support to Jefferson in Election of 1800 to stop “opportunist” Aaron Burr (who later kills Hamilton in a duel)…Jefferson tries to unite the nation saying in his inauguration, “We are all Federalists, We are all Republicans”

• “Common Man” Precedents (ex: State of the Union, Dress & Manners)

• TJ follows inauguration pledge and keeps most Hamiltonian plans (bond payment, BUS & tariff) = economy improves & national debt is reduced.

• Controversy surrounding “Midnight Judges” - Marbury (selected by Adams) was not granted position by TJ’s Sect. of State Madison

• Federalist Chief Justice John Marshall then strengthens the Supreme Court by declaring parts of the Judiciary Act unconstitutional on a technicality with famous Marbury v. Madison (1803) establishes power of -- Judicial Review

• Barbary Pirates Crisis (1801): Jefferson’s philosophy conflicts with pragmatic reality -

TJ responds with “Mosquito Fleet” and later agrees to pay less “tribute” to pirates

• Louisiana Purchase (1803): Political philosophy & pragmatism clash

If you were assigned Group 3 HW, you should explain the song to rest of your small group

The Election of 1800

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LnHVFAm0TTk

Where US Politics

Came From: Crash

Course US History #9

Thomas Jefferson &

His Democracy:

Crash Course US

History #10

https://www.youtube.com/watc

h?v=_3Ox6vGteek&list=PL8d

PuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593e

G7ObzO7s&index=10

http://www.youtube.com/watch?ann

otation_id=annotation_75422&feat

ure=iv&src_vid=bO7FQsCcbD8&v

=r161cLYzuDI