The Dead Guys &

The Old Pieces of Paper

John Locke, Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, Baron De

Montesquieu, et al&

The Magna Carta and the Mayflower Compact

The Road to the Government of the US

John Locke (1632-1704)•English•Labor theory of value (I)

•Life, liberty, and property

•Government is to protect

•Right to revolution

•The Second Treatise on Civil Government

http://www.cpm.ll.ehime-u.ac.jp/AkamacHomePage/Akamac_E-text_Links/Locke.html

Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527)

•Italian•Politics and patriotism•Power•The Prince

The Prince•What is the purpose of the book?

•What characteristics does Machiavelli say are key to a good leader?

The Prince, of today?

How do Machiavelli’s ideas apply today?

QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.

Adam Smith (1723-1790)•Scottish•Political economist

•Economic freedom/free market

•Government ensures fairness

•Value Theory (II)•1776 - Wealth of Nations

http://www.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3ll3/smith/

John Stuart Mill (1806-1873)

•England•Scholar•Self-development key

•On Liberty 1859

•Truth

http://www.econ.duke.edu/Economists/Gifs/Mill.gif

"One person with a belief is equal to a force of ninety-nine who have only interest."

-John Stuart Mill

Baron de Montesquieu•Bordeaux, France 1689

•Types of Government

•Balance of Power•Balanced system of government - 3 tiers.

•On the Spirit of Laws

http://www.rjgeib.com/thoughts/montesquieu/montesquieu-bio.html

Magna Carta, 1215•“Seeds of

Democracy”•England•King John of England and the Barons

•War with France•Council of Barons•Legal rights

http://www.nara.gov/exhall/charters/magnacarta/magmain.html

Mayflower Compact, 1620

•Pilgrims/Separatists•Religious persecution•First basis in the new world for written laws

•Self-government•Laws for good of Colony

http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/revolution/revgfx/may-compact.jpg

The Original

Declarationof

Independence

~~~~~~~~~~25 original

copies

http://www.nara.gov/exhall/charters/declaration/decorig.jpg

The Stone

Document Engravin

gPlate1823

http://www.nara.gov/exhall/charters/declaration/decstone.jpg

The DOI Finds a Home

•Travels1776-1921•Library of Congress1924-1941

•1941-1945 Fort Knox

•1952 -present National Archives

•Bombproof•Archival Measureshttp://www.nara.gov/exhall/charters/charters.html

Take two minutes and answer the following on an even side in

your notebook.•If you were starting a new country, what are the two most important things you would need first and how would you obtain/create them?

The Articles Aren’t Working!

Creating the US Constitution

Help!

The Articles of Confederation

•“League of Friendship”•Weak Central Government•Declare War•Make peace treaties, regulate trade w/Native Americans•Some foreign trade

The AOC Could NOT...

•Create common currency.•Tax.•Create a military.•Be amended with out unanimous consent.

Shays’ Rebellion•Daniel Shays•Soldiers unpaid.

•Rebellion in Massachusetts

•No trial Jail

•Shays flees.

Independence Hall

http://www.libertynet.org/iha/tour/_indhall.html http://www.cr.nps.gov/worldheritage/ind.htm

James Madison “Father of the Constitution”•Virginia Landowner

•Scholar•Government and Political Philosophy

•1776, VA’s constitution•Supported Hamilton for a constitutional convention

The Delegates•55 of 74 attended•35 with legal training•All with political experience

•14 from leading families•Most had money•Most with families.

George Washington

•May, 1787•Closed

windows

•J. Madison

secretary

Virginia Plan •3 Branches of Government•Ultra-Strong Central Government•Representation by population

•Central Government may more easily raise revenue and regulate commerce

•Equal representation•Supreme law of the States

New Jersey Plan

The Great Compromise

•House of Representatives - population

•Senate - 2 per state“Three-Fifths”

Compromise•Slavery

The US Constitution

•Provides a framework for government.

•7 articles.

The National Archives Rotunda