The Dawning of the The Dawning of the Age of ExplorationAge of Exploration

World HistoryWorld History

Mr. HeapsMr. Heaps

1. Name 3 Reasons why Europeans 1. Name 3 Reasons why Europeans began to explore the world in the began to explore the world in the

1515thth century. century.

1.1. Searching for _______.Searching for _______.

2.2. Searching for _______ Searching for _______ to conquer.to conquer.

3.3. Looking to spread Looking to spread _____________ all over _____________ all over the world.the world.

wealth

lands

Christianity

2. Name two ways in which the printing 2. Name two ways in which the printing press greatly encouraged the Era of press greatly encouraged the Era of

Exploration.Exploration.

1.1. New ______ were New ______ were printed about printed about subjects such as subjects such as Astronomy, Astronomy, mathematics, mathematics, navigation, & navigation, & geography.geography.

2.2. Printed ______ and Printed ______ and _________ charts _________ charts became widely became widely available.available.

books

mapsnavigation

3. Who were the first European 3. Who were the first European explorers to explore the East coast of explorers to explore the East coast of

North America.North America.

Leif Eriksson Leif Eriksson and the and the Norsemen, or Norsemen, or ________.________.

Vikings

4. 4. What goods from the Indies What goods from the Indies became valuable to Europeans became valuable to Europeans

during the Renaissance?during the Renaissance?• SilkSilk• ________________• CottonCotton• ________________• TeaTea• ________________

spices

sugar

gold

5. Why were Europeans seeking a 5. Why were Europeans seeking a sea route to the Indies?sea route to the Indies?

1.1. Europeans had long been Europeans had long been attracted to Asia. ______ attracted to Asia. ______ ______, wrote in his book ______, wrote in his book The Travels,The Travels, about his about his travels to the Chinese travels to the Chinese court of the great Kublai court of the great Kublai Khan.Khan.

2.2. Europeans wanted to Europeans wanted to make obsolete the great make obsolete the great ____________ which took ____________ which took almost a year to travel & almost a year to travel & was controlled by was controlled by Ottoman Turks.Ottoman Turks.

MarcoPolo

Silk Road

How did Prince Henry the Navigator How did Prince Henry the Navigator influence the Age of Exploration?influence the Age of Exploration?

1.1. He developed a school of He developed a school of ___________ on the Coast ___________ on the Coast of Portugal overlooking of Portugal overlooking the Atlantic Ocean.the Atlantic Ocean.

2.2. He assembled a group of He assembled a group of brilliant mathematicians, brilliant mathematicians, astronomers, astronomers, mapmakers, and mapmakers, and ______________.______________.

3.3. They developed the They developed the science of ____________ science of ____________ navigation. navigation.

navigation

shipbuilderscelestial

What invention by the Portuguese What invention by the Portuguese encouraged exploration more than encouraged exploration more than

any other?any other?

The invention of a The invention of a new type of ship new type of ship called a _________. It called a _________. It had more storage had more storage space, smooth hulls space, smooth hulls for speed, a for speed, a movable ________ for movable ________ for steering, and steering, and triangular or triangular or ________ sails________ sails

caravel

rudder

lateen

Traders from which country brought Traders from which country brought the first African Slaves to Europe?the first African Slaves to Europe?

It was ___________ traders who first It was ___________ traders who first explored the coasts of Africa trying to explored the coasts of Africa trying to find a sea route to the east. They first find a sea route to the east. They first learned of the institution of slavery as learned of the institution of slavery as they made claims to parts of the they made claims to parts of the _________ coast of Africa. Africans _________ coast of Africa. Africans tribes had already been capturing & tribes had already been capturing & ___________ other Africans for many ___________ other Africans for many years.years.

Portuguese

Western

enslaving

Identify the major accomplishments Identify the major accomplishments of the following Portuguese of the following Portuguese

explorers:explorers:

►Bartholomeu DiasBartholomeu Dias – – was the first European was the first European to reach the Southern to reach the Southern tip of Africa, called the tip of Africa, called the Cape of ____________.Cape of ____________.

►Vasco da GamaVasco da Gama- first to - first to round the tip of Africa round the tip of Africa and sail across the and sail across the Indian Ocean and land Indian Ocean and land on the coast of on the coast of _________._________.

Good Hope

India

What was the Northwest Passage?What was the Northwest Passage?

A shorter, westward A shorter, westward route linking the route linking the North __________ to North __________ to the Pacific. They the Pacific. They believed this route believed this route would be shorter would be shorter and take less time. and take less time. Europeans spent Europeans spent hundreds of years hundreds of years before they found before they found it. it.

Atlantic

Line of Demarcation (1493)Line of Demarcation (1493)►By the 1490’s, voyages of the ___________ & By the 1490’s, voyages of the ___________ &

_________ had opened up new lands to _________ had opened up new lands to exploration.exploration.

►Fearing that the other might claim some of Fearing that the other might claim some of its newly discovered territories, Spain & its newly discovered territories, Spain & Portugal resolved their concerns by Portugal resolved their concerns by agreeing on a line of _______________. This agreeing on a line of _______________. This was an imaginary line established by Pope was an imaginary line established by Pope Alexander VI, that divided their spheres of Alexander VI, that divided their spheres of influence.influence.

►This line extended from North to South This line extended from North to South through the __________ Ocean & through the __________ Ocean & easternmost part of ________ America.easternmost part of ________ America.

PortugueseSpanish

demarcation

AtlanticSouth

Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)

►King John II of __________ did not agree King John II of __________ did not agree with the Pope’s placement of the line, with the Pope’s placement of the line, as he thought it favored ________.as he thought it favored ________.

►He demanded that __________ & ________ He demanded that __________ & ________ of Spain meet with him to change the of Spain meet with him to change the pope’s decision.pope’s decision.

► In 1494, they agreed to the Treaty of In 1494, they agreed to the Treaty of _____________, which moved the line 800 _____________, which moved the line 800 miles farther west. miles farther west.

Spain

Portugal

Ferdinand Isabella

Tordesillas

Treaty of Tordesillas & the Line Treaty of Tordesillas & the Line of Demarcationof Demarcation

According to the Treaty of Tordesillas:

1)Unexplored territories east of the line would be controlled by _________.

2)Unexplored territories west of the line would be controlled by _________.

Spain

Portugal

Portuguese

Spanish

The Spanish EmpireThe Spanish Empire►Spanish conquerors of the Americas Spanish conquerors of the Americas

were called _______________.were called _______________.►Their _______ & determination brought Their _______ & determination brought

them incredible success in the Americas.them incredible success in the Americas.►________________ took only 3 years to ________________ took only 3 years to

overthrow the mighty ________ empire in overthrow the mighty ________ empire in Central Mexico.Central Mexico.

► In South America, _________________ took In South America, _________________ took control of the ________ Empire in the control of the ________ Empire in the Peruvian Andes.Peruvian Andes.

conquistadors

guns

Hernan CortesAztec

Francisco PizarroInca

Conquistador: Hernan CortesConquistador: Hernan Cortes

Conquistador of the ________ Empire

Aztec

Conquistador: Francisco Conquistador: Francisco PizarroPizarro

Conquistador of the ________ Empire

Inca

Reasons for Spanish Dominance Reasons for Spanish Dominance Over Native AmericansOver Native Americans

►Spanish conquistadors had several Spanish conquistadors had several advantages over the Native Americans advantages over the Native Americans including:including: _________ suits_________ suits __________________ Guns & _________ Guns & _________ ____________________ Resistance to European __________ Resistance to European __________

armoredhorses

cannonscrossbows

disease

The Spanish The Spanish EncomiendaEncomienda SystemSystem

► A system of __________ administration in the A system of __________ administration in the Americas.Americas.

►Queen Isabella declared Native Americans Queen Isabella declared Native Americans to be her _________.to be her _________.

► She granted the Spanish rulers in America She granted the Spanish rulers in America ___________, or the right to use Native ___________, or the right to use Native Americans as laborers.Americans as laborers.

► The Spanish were supposed to ________ and The Spanish were supposed to ________ and _________ the Native Americans, but they _________ the Native Americans, but they were far from Spain and largely ignored were far from Spain and largely ignored their rulers.their rulers.

colonial

subjects

Encomienda

protectnurture

EncomiendaEncomienda

The right of Spanish settlers in the The right of Spanish settlers in the Americas to use _________________ as Americas to use _________________ as

laborers. Became a corrupt system in laborers. Became a corrupt system in which ________ labor & starvation along which ________ labor & starvation along

with _________ killed many Natives.with _________ killed many Natives.

Native Americans forced

disease

Spanish Impact on the Spanish Impact on the AmericasAmericas

►Catholic missionaries _________ and Catholic missionaries _________ and _________ hundreds of thousands of _________ hundreds of thousands of native peoples.native peoples.

►Catholic missionaries built parishes, Catholic missionaries built parishes, ________, and hospitals; all the trappings ________, and hospitals; all the trappings of a __________ society.of a __________ society.

►Native American social & political Native American social & political structures were torn apart and replaced structures were torn apart and replaced by European systems of religion, by European systems of religion, __________, culture, & ______________.__________, culture, & ______________.

convertedbaptized

schoolsEuropean

languagegovernment

The Columbian ExchangeThe Columbian Exchange►The extensive exchange of _________ The extensive exchange of _________

and __________ between the Old and and __________ between the Old and New Worlds was called the ___________ New Worlds was called the ___________ exchange because it began with exchange because it began with Columbus’ expeditions of the Americas.Columbus’ expeditions of the Americas.

►________, cotton, vanilla, __________ & ________, cotton, vanilla, __________ & other products were introduced from other products were introduced from Europe to the Americas.Europe to the Americas.

►Agricultural products native to the Agricultural products native to the Americas were shipped & introduced Americas were shipped & introduced into Europe, such as __________, cocoa, into Europe, such as __________, cocoa, _______ (maize), & ___________. _______ (maize), & ___________.

plantsanimals

Columbian

Sugar livestock

potatoes corntobacco

The Columbian ExchangeThe Columbian Exchange