the CUREe-Caltech Woodframe Project UCI

Task 1.4.8.3Diaphragm Connections

Gerard C. Pardoen, UC Irvine

Seb J. Ficcadenti, F&W CSETom A. Castle, F&W CSE

the CUREe-Caltech Woodframe Project UCI

Research Plan

(1) This Project is part of the Caltech-CUREe Woodframe Project, specifically Task 1.4.8 B “Diaphragm to Shear Wall Connections”:

(2) There are 6 diaphragm configurations that are to be tested.(3) 12 cyclic test samples total, 2 samples/configuration. (Revised to 16

samples after early test results)(4) 4 additional monotonic tests shall be conducted to calibrate the Proposed

CUREe Displacement Loading Protocol(5) Main Test Variables: a. Joists: 2”x12” & plywood web b. Connectors: toe nails, framing clips, flange nailing c. Joist Orientation: perpendicular & parallel to wall

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Proposed CUREe Test ProtocolProposed CUREe Test Protocol

Ordinary Ground Motions

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Number of Half Cycles

Ratio of Maximum Displacement

..

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Testing Apparatus

Shake Table

Laboratory Strong Floor

Plywood Diaphragm Shear Transfer

Connectionto Blocking

Shear WallBelow

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Test Fixture to Measure the Applied Load

Load Reaction

Load Cell

Sample Adapter

Shaft Support

Table Adapter

Linear Bearing

Shaft

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Test Sample MatrixJoist/Shear Wall Orientation Joist Connection Samples

TN1 Series - Parallel 2” x 12” Toe-nailed Joist 2

TN2 Series - Perpendicular 2” x 12” Toe-nailed Blocks 2

TN3 Sample - Perpendicular 2” x 12” Toe-nailed Blocks & Joists

1

Parallel 2” x 12” Framing clip Joist 2

Perpendicular 2” x 12” Framing clip Blocks

2

Perpendicular 2” x 12” Framing clip Blocks & Joists

2

Parallel Plywood web Flange nailed Joist 2

Perpendicular Plywood web Flange nailed Blocks

2

Perpendicular Plywood web Flange nailed Blocks & Joists

1

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Laboratory Setup

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Laboratory Setup

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Parallel Joist Connections

Toe NailedJoist

Framing ClippedJoist

Flange NailedJoist

12 ToeNails

3 FramingClips

12 FlangeNails

Design Capacity169 pounds/foot

(86%)

Design Capacity235 pounds/foot

(120%)

Design Capacity196 pounds/foot

(100%)

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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Parallel Joists with 16d @ 8" o.c. -- Cyclic Test A

-12000

-10000

-8000

-6000

-4000

-2000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Displacement (inches)

Force (pounds

Capacity = 593 pounds/footF.S. = 3.0

TN1-A

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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Parallel Joists with (3) 'A35' Clips -- Cyclic Test A

-12000

-10000

-8000

-6000

-4000

-2000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Displacement (inches)

Force (pounds)

Capacity = 751 pounds/footF.S. = 4.4

FC1-A

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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Parallel TJI's with 16d F.N. @ 8" o.c. -- Cyclic Test A

-12000

-10000

-8000

-6000

-4000

-2000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Displacement (inches)

Force (pounds)

Capacity = 828 pounds/footF.S. = 3.5

FN1-A

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Perpendicular Joist Connections (w/out Joist Nails)

Toe NailedBlocks

Framing ClippedBlocks

Flange NailedBlocks

Design Capacity169 pounds/foot

(86%)

Design Capacity235 pounds/foot

(120%)

12 ToeNails

3 FramingClips

12 FlangeNails

Design Capacity196 pounds/foot

(100%)

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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Perpendicular Joists with 16d@8" o.c. Cyclic Test A

-12000

-10000

-8000

-6000

-4000

-2000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

-2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

Displacement (inches)

Force (pounds)

Capacity = 743 pounds/footF.S. = 3.8

TN2-A

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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Perpendicular Joists with (3) 'A35' Clips -- Cyclic Test A

-12000

-10000

-8000

-6000

-4000

-2000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Displacement (inches)

Force (pounds)

Capacity = 853 pounds/footF.S. = 5.0

FC2-A

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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests

Perpendicular TJI's with 16d F.N. @ 8" o.c. - Cyclic Test A

-12000

-10000

-8000

-6000

-4000

-2000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Displacement (inches)

Force (pounds)

Capacity = 825 pounds/footF.S. = 3.5

FN2-A

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Perpendicular Joist Connections (with Joist Nails)

Toe NailedBlocks

Framing ClippedBlocks

Flange NailedBlocks

Design Capacity398 pounds/foot

(203%)

Design Capacity510 pounds/foot

(260%)

26 ToeNails

3 FramingClips

Plus 14JoistNails

26 FlangeNails

Design Capacity425 pounds/foot

(216%)

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TN3-A CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Perpendicular Joists with 16d@8" o.c. w/ 2 T.N. per Joist

-12000

-10000

-8000

-6000

-4000

-2000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Displacement (inches)

Force (pounds)

Capacity = 1448 pounds/footF.S. = 3.4 (7.4)

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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Perpendicular Joists with (3) 'A35' Clips -- Cyclic Test D

-12000

-10000

-8000

-6000

-4000

-2000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Displacement (inches)

Force (pounds)

FC3-A

Capacity = 1293 pounds/footF.S. = 3.2 (7.7)

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CUREe Shear Transfer Tests Perpendicular TJI's w/ 16d F.N. @ 8" o.c. -- Cyclic Test C

-12000

-10000

-8000

-6000

-4000

-2000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Displacement (inches)

Force (pounds)

FN3-A

Capacity = 1290 pounds/footF.S. = 2.5 (5.5)

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Preliminary Observations & Conclusions(1) Shear transfer stiffness is primarily dependent on the direction of

framing (parallel is stiffer than perpendicular) and secondarily dependent on the capacity of the connection.

(2) Shear transfer connections consisting of framing clips yield higher factors of safety (ultimate strength/design strength) than comparable nailed connections.

(3) Shear transfer connections at perpendicular framing conditions have greater strength than comparable connections at parallel conditions.

(4) The use of joist nails at perpendicular framing conditions greatly increases the strength of shear transfer connections, often times beyond the strength of the unblocked diaphragm being braced.