The Cultural Agenda of the The Cultural Agenda of the Hemisphere: Toward the Fifth Summit Hemisphere: Toward the Fifth Summit

of the Americasof the Americas

THIRD INTER-AMERICAN MEETING OF MINISTERS OF CULTURE THIRD INTER-AMERICAN MEETING OF MINISTERS OF CULTURE AND HIGHEST APPROPRIATE AUTHORITIESAND HIGHEST APPROPRIATE AUTHORITIES

Montreal, Québec, CanadaMontreal, Québec, CanadaNovember 15, 2006November 15, 2006

LUIS ALBERTO RODRÍGUEZLUIS ALBERTO RODRÍGUEZDirectorDirector

Summits of the Americas SecretariatSummits of the Americas SecretariatOrganization of American StatesOrganization of American States

THE SUMMITS OF THE THE SUMMITS OF THE AMERICASAMERICAS

First Summit (Miami, December 1994)

Second Summit (Santiago, April 1998)

Third Summit (Quebec City, April 2001)

Summit on Sustainable Development(Santa Cruz de la Sierra, December 1996)

Special Summit (Monterrey, January 2004)

Fourth Summit (Mar del Plata, November 2005)

THE SUMMITS OF THE AMERICAS PROCESS: THE SUMMITS OF THE AMERICAS PROCESS: MECHANISMS FOR ACCOUNTABILITY AND FOLLOW-UPMECHANISMS FOR ACCOUNTABILITY AND FOLLOW-UP

SUMMITS OF THE AMERICAS

Heads of State and GovernmentHeads of State and Government

Ministers of Foreign AffairsMinisters of Foreign Affairs OAS General AssemblyOAS General Assembly

OAS Secretary GeneralOAS Secretary General

Summits of the Americas Summits of the Americas SecretariatSecretariat

OAS Permanent CouncilOAS Permanent Council

Summit Implementation Review Group (SIRG)

(National Coordinators)

Steering Steering CommitteeCommittee

(USA, Bolivia, (USA, Bolivia, Chile, Canada, Chile, Canada,

Mexico, Mexico, Argentina, and Argentina, and Trinidad and Trinidad and

TobagoTobago)

Executive CouncilExecutive Council(Steering Committee + (Steering Committee +

Brazil and Brazil and Representatives of Representatives of Regional Groups:Regional Groups:

Central America, Rio Central America, Rio Group, Andean Group, Group, Andean Group,

CARICOM)CARICOM)

Joint Summit Working Group

(OAS, IDB, PAHO, ECLAC,

IICA, WB, CABEI, CAF,

CDB, IOM, ILO, ICA)

OAS offices and OAS offices and institutions responsible for institutions responsible for

Implementing Summit Implementing Summit mandatesmandates

OAS Committee on OAS Committee on Inter-American Inter-American

Summits ManagementSummits Managementand Civil Society Participation and Civil Society Participation

in OAS Activities (CISC)in OAS Activities (CISC)

Ministerial Meetings

V Summit Secretariat V Summit Secretariat Trinidad and TobagoTrinidad and Tobago

Main actors contributing to the fifth Main actors contributing to the fifth Summit of the AmericasSummit of the Americas

Summit Implementation Review Group (SIRG)

National Summit Coordinators

Joint Summit Working Group (JSWG)

Civil Society

Ministerial Meetings

Summits of the Americas Secretariat

Summit Implementation Review Summit Implementation Review Group (SIRG)Group (SIRG)

• Core management body of the Summits Process• Appointed National Coordinators represent the democratically

elected governments of the hemisphere• Central advisory bodies: the Steering Committee and the

Executive Council• Meets on average 3 times a year, with at least one of their

meetings held at the Ministerial level at the OAS General Assembly

• Present Chair of the SIRG is Trinidad and Tobago

• Tasked with preparing future Summits and reviewing the implementation of the Summit mandates

• Responsible for reporting annually on the progress achieved in the fulfillment of the Plan of Action to the Foreign Ministers

• Compose National Reports which:• Demonstrate Member States’

commitment to Summits Process• Indicate national compliance with

Summits mandates• Reveal correlation between

Summits Process and domestic agendas

Summit Implementation Review Group Summit Implementation Review Group (SIRG)(SIRG)

Joint Summit Working Group (JSWG)Joint Summit Working Group (JSWG)

WORLD WORLD BANKBANK

ICAICA

CDBCDB

ILOILO

ECLAECLACC

CABEICABEI

IICAIICA

CAFCAF

OASOAS

IDBIDB

PAHOPAHO

IOMIOM

Role of Ministerial meetings in the summit Process

Support of Ministerial Meetings to the Summit Process:• Revision of the implementation of Summit mandates• Evaluation of the achievements• Identification of challenges• Recommendation and development of new commitments• Advancement of hemispheric cooperation

Summits of the Americas support to Ministerial meetings:• Give political endorsement to Ministerial meetings• Ensure institutionalization and continuity of Summit Process

Ministerial meetings2001-2006

Agriculture ------- 6 |

|Health 6

| |Labor 3

Tourism ------- 1

Justice --------- 3

Culture 3 ----------Defense 3 -------------

Women 1------

Science & Technology 1 |

|

Sustainable Development 1 |

| | |

Social Development 1||||

Energy 2|| Transportation 3

|-----------Finance 1

--------------Environment 3-----Trade 3

-----Decentralization & Local Government 3 |

|Education 3

CIVIL SOCIETY PARTICIPATION CIVIL SOCIETY PARTICIPATION IN THE SUMMIT PROCESSIN THE SUMMIT PROCESS

In 2005: • 10 forums held with the participation of civil society

organizations• 392 recommendations collected, compiled, and provided

to OAS Member States• Publications, presentations, dialogues with

representatives ofMember States

Achievements of the Achievements of the Summits of the AmericasSummits of the Americas

•Inter-American Democratic Charter (2001)•Declaration on Security in the Americas •Inter-American Committee against Terrorism (CICTE)•Launching of the FTAA negotiations (1995)•Multilateral Evaluation Mechanism (MEM) of CICAD•Inter-American Convention against Corruption•Advances in participation of civil society, private sector and academia•Draft American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples•Ministerial meetings on topics related to social development•Connectivity Agenda for the Americas •Inter-agency cooperation - Natural Disasters

CULTURE IN THE SUMMITS OF THE CULTURE IN THE SUMMITS OF THE AMERICASAMERICAS

First Summit 1994Recognize culture is an integral component of the development of the hemisphere

Second Summit 1998Promote respect for culture in education

Third Summit 2001Promote cultural values in social and economic development, respect for cultural diversity

Summit on Sustainable Development 1996Identify the importance of cultural diversity in sustainable development strategies

Special Summit 2004Encourage respect and appreciation for role of cultural diversity in democratic governance, social cohesion, cultural developmentFourth Summit 2005Recognize role of culture in protection of national heritage, enhancement of dignity and identity, creation of decent jobs and overcoming of poverty, and democratic governance

The Fifth summit of the Americas:The Fifth summit of the Americas:Addressing the challenges of the Addressing the challenges of the

hemispherehemispherePort-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago

2009

•Democratic Governance•Economic Growth•Social Development and Health

Care•Education•Regional Security •Sustainable Development•Cultural Development

Culture: A Cross-cutting Theme TOWARD Culture: A Cross-cutting Theme TOWARD THE FIFTH SUMMITTHE FIFTH SUMMIT

Democratic Governance• Social movements adopt culture as strategy for

empowerment & activism• Marginalized groups gain social recognition

through their cultural expressions• Culture works as a social glue, bringing diverse

groups together• Aesthetic improvements to cities can also

improve citizen participation

THE Economic Impact OF CulturECultural and creative industries account for 7% of global GDP•Recorded Media (31%)•Printed Media (30%)•Visual Arts (20%)•Audiovisual Media (14%)

Global Market Values of Cultural Industry: $1.3 Trillion•Cultural Economy is growing at 6.3% / year•Cultural heritage preservation stimulates local economic growth, employment•Regional Cultural Exports worth US$10.86 billion in 2002 (UNESCO)•Cultural industries contribute to GDP (3% in Andean Countries, 6.7% in Mexico)•Culture accounts for 4.03% of Colombian GDP, coffee accounts for 2.75%.•Cultural industries employ artisans (1.8 million in Peru, 5 million in Mexico, and 155,000 in El Salvador)

EXPORTS BY REGION OF CULTURAL GOODS, 2002

Chart Source: UN Comtrade, DESA/UNSD (2004)Data Sources: World Bank (2005), UNESCO (2005),

Price Waterhouse Coopers (2004)

POVERTY AND SOCIAL inequalityPOVERTY AND SOCIAL inequality• Poverty affects 44 percent of people

in region• 64 percent poverty in rural areas• 19.4% of the population lives in

extreme poverty• Steady poverty rate for past decade

in the region (IADB)• Absolute number of people living in

poverty has increased last 10 years• High correlation between poverty and

lack of access to basic social services

• Cultural industries include populations that suffer economic and social exclusion

• Culture offers many groups a sense of belonging & identity

• Richest tenth of Latin America and the Caribbean earns 48% of total income while poorest tenth

earns just 1.6%

EDUCATIONEDUCATION• Despite reaching the goal of universal primary

education (93% enrollment), access to quality secondary education remains limited

• Two out of every five children in rural areas fail to finish primary school or are at least two years behind when they finish (UNESCO)

• Over a third of young people of secondary school age are not enrolled

• Secondary education appears to significantly increase a person’s chances of remaining above the absolute poverty line during his/her working life

• Of every 100 children who come from the poorest 40 percent of the region, only 10 percent continue their studies through the ninth year

• Teaching intercultural dialogue and respect for cultural diversity promotes democratic values

REGIONAL SECURITYREGIONAL SECURITYLatin America Remains the World's Most Violent

Region• 34.3% of American nations have highest

murder rate (2.2% - Asia, 13.7% -Africa, 0% -Europe, 14.3% - Oceania)

• Gang violence has surged in recent years• Kidnapping has reached epidemic proportions• Arms proliferate within civil groups • Problems from Illicit Drug Production &

Trafficking

• Cultural groups offer youth an alternative to criminality

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Main Environmental Challenges:• Integrated Water-Resource Management • Natural Disaster Risk Management• Sustainable Agriculture and Tourism

• Tourism management plans established for 125 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the region

INCORPORATING CULTURE IN the INCORPORATING CULTURE IN the FIFTH SUMMIT OF THE AMERICASFIFTH SUMMIT OF THE AMERICAS

• National Coordinators• Ministerial Meetings

• Third and Fourth Inter-American Meeting of Ministers of Culture and Highest Appropriate Authorities

• Civil Society• Chair of the SIRG (Trinidad and Tobago)• Joint Summit Working Group (JSWG) • Summits of the Americas Secretariat

Organization of American States

1889 F Street NWWashington, DC 20006 USA

Tel:202.458.3127, Fax: 202.458.3665 www.summitsoftheamericas.org

summit-info@oas.org