Francisco J. M. Mojica

The CRISPR-Cas system

cas genes(CRISPR associated )

Cas proteins

C R I S P R

CRISPR-Cas System

cas genes(CRISPR associated )

Cas proteins

Immunity

C R I S P R

CRISPR-Cas System

Infection

Immunization

Immunized Bacterium

Guides Production

crRNA

Reinfection

Target Recognition

Target Cleavage

Target Inactivation

Makarova et al. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2011

Diversity of CRISPR-Cas

Makarova et al. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2015

3 Types; 10 Subtypes5 Types; 16 Subtypes

From: Mobile Genetic Elements and Evolution of CRISPR-Cas Systems: All the Way There and Back. Genome Biol Evol. 2017;9(10):2812-2825.

Diversity of CRISPR-Cas2 Classes; 6 Types; 30 Subtypes

Applications of CRISPR-Cas in prokaryotes

1st Application (typing of pathogenic bacteria)

Isolate 1

Isolate 2

Isolate 4

Isolate 3

Protection

Genetic Barrier

Data storage/recording

IIIIIIIII

Cas9

Guide RNA

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

PAMDNA

IIIIIIIII

Cas9

Guide RNA

DNA IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIPAM

Antimicrobials

Selection of recombinant Bacteria

Jiang et al. Nat Biotechnol. 2013

Applicable to Plants

Zhang, D., et al., Targeted Gene Manipulation in Plants Using the CRISPR/Cas Technology, Journal of Genetics and Genomics(2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgg.2016.03.001

Mojica & Montoliu, 2016

Published: April 8, 2019