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The copulatory-complex of somespecies of Ictinogomphus Cowley[=Indictinogomphus Fraser](Odonata : Gomphidae) and itstaxonomic importanceBasit Ali Khan aa Zoology Department , Agra College , Agra-2 , IndiaPublished online: 08 May 2012.

To cite this article: Basit Ali Khan (1972) The copulatory-complex of some species ofIctinogomphus Cowley [=Indictinogomphus Fraser] (Odonata : Gomphidae) and its taxonomicimportance, Oriental Insects, 6:1, 75-82, DOI: 10.1080/00305316.1972.10434056

To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1972.10434056

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V,91. 6 (I) : 75-81 ORIENTAL INSECTS January ,1971

TUE COPULATORY. COMPLEX OF SOME SPECIES OF ICTINOGOJIPIIUS COWLEY [=INDICTINOGObIPIIUS

FRi\SEn] (ODONATA : GOMPIIIDAE) AND ITS' TAXONOMIC IMPORTANCE

By Basit AU Khan 4oology J)~par(menl, Agra College, Agra-}, India

ABSTRACT. The present paper describes the structure of copulatory-complex of Ictinogomphul Cowley (-Indictinogomphul Fraser). and utilizes these characters for separating the Indian species.

Like otbeJ:,Anisopter~ (ctll1ogol11phus Cowley bears two $ets of copulatory or matina apparatpses, ,the 4rst set Which is primary in. nature and. as in other insec.t" is. situated on the ni~th ~ternUQl, whil~ tb~. ,second set regarded as secondary complex is located ventrally op the s~pnd and the. apical part of the third abdominal segments. The fit:st set of the ~opulatory-complex is used for c~pturin$ the femal~ un~ leading or gujdil,lg her about. while the second set is used in copulation,

1'UB }lRIMARY CoPULATORy-COMPLEX: (Fig!!. 1. 5.9)

The primary copulatory-complex consists of a median vestigial or primitive penis (VP), a pair of reduced appendages or gonocoxites (C) (-gonapophyses. Fraser, 1956; gonopods, Snodgrass, 1935; coxites, George, 1928;, valvules Whedon. 1918), a pair of supra-anal 'appendages (SAA) ( ... cerci.' Snodgrass, 1935). and unpaired median infra-anal appendage (IAA) (=epiproct,' Snod­grass, 1935; appendix dorsalis. Fraser. 1956).

Tue SECONDARY COPULATORy-COMPLEX (Figs. 2-4, 6-8. 10, 11)

The secondary copulatory-complex consists of the genital fossa (OF) (=fenestra, Fraser, 1956);1 ilie' anterior lamina (AL): the posterior lamina, the chitinous supporting I (ramework' ,( APSF & PPSF). the hamules (AU & PH). the penis sheath (PS) (-ligula. Frns-er, 1956). the penis vesicle (PV) ( .... vesicula spermalis. F.raser •. 1,~56; sp~~m..r~7eptacle. ,S90d$r~ss, 1935), the pems (P) (=prophallus,' Fraser, 1956: snttomlttent otgan. Snodgrass. 1935). and the auricles (AU) (-oremet. 'Fraser. 1956).

Ictlnogompbus pertlnax (Selys) (Figs. 1-4)

The supra-anal appendages (~AA) are long, slightly broader proximally and narrower distally. Each supra-anal appendage is 4.0 rom, with ten black

Published April 1972

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76 ORIENTAL INSECTS Vol. 6. No.1

tubercles (T) on tije inner, and lateral, margins. "rhe infra-anal appendage (JAA) is broad at base and deeply bifid at apex into two short and divergent branches (DR). The anterior lamina (AL) is very much reduced. with straight anterior margin. and grooved posterior margin with two prominent lobes (LO). The laminar processes (LP) , are tbick and long. The anterior hamuJes (AR) are short. The hooked portion (UP) is larger than the truncated portion (TP). The posterior hamules (PH) are tongue-shaped, and without hooks, the proximal segment of the penis (PSP) is long. narrow at the base and broad at the apex.

Ictlnogomphus rapax (Rambur) (Figs. 5-S) ,

The supra-anal appendages (SA A) are long, slender. broad near the base and tapering apically. Each supra-anal appendage is S.O mm. with spinous apex and six black teeth-like tubercles (T) on tIle inner and lateral sides. The jnfra-anal appendage (lAA) is broad at the base and deeply emarginated at the apex into two divergent branches (DR). The anterior lamina (AL) is deeply notched along the posterior margin. The anterior hamules (All) having prominent rounded projections near the hooks and small depressions on the inner and lateral sides, the posterior barnules (PH) are tongue-shaped with 1'ounded and smooth apices, the margins of the lateral expansions of the eighth abdominal segment are serrate.

Ictlnogomphus atrQX (SeJys) (Figs. 9-11)

The supra-anal appendages lSAA) are long and tubular, richly covered with hairs. Each supra-anal appendage (SAA) is 3.0 mm with many black teeth-like tubercles (T) on the inner and lateral margins. The infra-anal appendage (IAA) is very broad at the base deeply bifid at the apex.· The anterior lamina (AL) is dome-shaped with long and prominent laminar pro­cesses (LP). the anterior hamules (All) are elongated with prominent de­pressions on the inner and lateral sides, the posterior hamules (PH) are fiat and tongue-like with rounded and serrate apices. The penis is C-sbaped. the distal segment of the penis (nSP) is curved. The margins of the lateral expansions of the eighth abdominal segment are smooth.

KEY TO INDlAN SprCHlS OF /CTJNOGOMPlfUS COWLEY

(-IND1CTINOGOMPJlUS FRASER)

1. Anterior hamules elongate, well developed, with prominent depressions meSially and laterally, and thinly covered with hairs:. posterior hamulcs tongue-shaped, with rounded and serrate apices and thickly clothed with hairs; margin~ of the lateral expansions of the eighth abdominal 'segment smooth; distal segment of the penh C­shaped, with two prominent Incurved processes. • . • . . . . • atro¥ (Selys)

The anterior hamules densely hairy, short and less developed. with a prominent rounded projection ncar the hooks and a small depression mesially and lateral!y; posteri0f

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1972 KHAN: COPULATORY COMPLEX OF ODONATA 77

hamules tongue-shaped with rounded and smooth apices and dense long fringe, margins of the lateral expansions of the eighth abdominal segm!:nt serrate. . • . 1

2. Anterior lamina deeply notched, along the posterior margin and densely hairy; penis sheath longer than broad. . . . • . . . . . . . • . . . rapax (Rambur)

Anterior lamina shaJlowly notched along the posterior margin and sparsely hairy; penis sheath not elongate. • • . • . . • • . • . . • • . . . pertlnax (Selys)

Discussion: It is realized that the copulatory-complex cannot be a single character on which the entire classification of the Odonata can be based. In doing so we have to take other morphological characters rather than copu­latory-complex, before making adequate classification of the group. However, the characters of the copulatory-complex hold good in the higher categories, but the characters fait to separate the lower categories. Therefore, the copu­latory-complex alone cannot be regarded as a sole criterion in the taxonomy of Odonata.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. The author expresses his gratitude to Dr. H.N. Daijal, Zoology Department, Agra College, Agra, for valUable guidance and criticism. His thanks are also due to Principal, Dr. S. Sinha and Prof. C.P. Singh, Head of the Zoology Department. Agra Co))ege, Agra, for facilities.

ABBREVIATIONS. AGP·Anterior genital plate: AH-Anterior hamules; AL-Anterior lamina; APSF·Anterior portion of suppo~ting framework; AS·Abdominal segment; AU·Auricle; BR-Branch; C·Coxlte: DSP-Distal segment of penis; FLA-Flap; GF· Genital fossa; GR·Groove; HA-Hnir; 1I0·Hook; lIP·Hooked portion; IAA·lnfra·anal appendage; LA·lamina anaJis; LD-Lateral bar; LI·Lip: 100Lobe; LP·Laminar process: MOP-Male gonopore: MSP·Median segment of penis; N·Notch; PGP·Posterior genital plate; PH-Posterior hamule; PPSF~Posterior portion of supporting framework; PR-Protuberance: PS'penls sheath;· PSP·Proximal segment of penis: PY·Penis vesicle; SAA·Supra-annal appendage; ST·Sternum: T.Tubercle: TP-Truncated portion: YP­Yestigial penis.

REFERENCES

GEORGE. C.J. 1928. The morphology and development of the genitalia and genital ducts of lIomoptera and Zysoptera as shown In the life-histories of PlII/ael/liS and Atrlon. Qllarl. J. Micr. Sci. 11: 447-485, pIs. iii.

ROBERTS. E.W. 1912. Nature of the Intromittent orsan of the Odonnta. Trans. Amer. Mlcr. Soc. 31: 201-203.

SNODGRASS. R.E. 1935. Prlnc/pler 01 Insect Morph%tY. New York·London I McGraw­Hill Dook Co .• 1'1'. 1·667. 319 fiss.

Tux EN, S.L. 1956. Taxonomist', C/oSlary 01 lenlia/la in IlIseclI. Copenhagen : Ejnar Muuksgaard (Odonata) (by F.C. Fraser). pp. 25·30.

WHEDON. A.D. 1918. The comparative morphology and possible adaptations of the abdomen In the Odonata. Tran,. Amer. Enl. Soc. 44: 373·437, piS. I".

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ORIENTAL INSECI'S

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III ST- -

2mm

IAA PR , ,

2mm

Vol. 6, No.1

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1

Fias. 1-2. /cfinolompllus ptr'fn~ (Selys): 1. Ventral view of the primary ropulatory-complex; 2. Ventral view of the secondary copulatory complex with penis, displaced (rom its natural position.

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1972 KHAN COPULATORY-COMPLEX OF ODONATA

AH------HO -----L6 ---------APSF ____ -----PS ------------ '/

PH ----- -------------- 'lr.'

3 2mm

FLA

__ "iN!k1l~ -- - -- - - ~_-_-_-_-_-_ -. _. -.- IIAS

~ ------AU

_____ HA

- - --. L6 ~L"..;?-:-:- -:-::-~--:"!-':':- ...... ...J. .. --- GF

-IIIST

2mm

4 Figs. 3·4. Ictlno6omphus pertlnax (SeJys): 3, Ventral view of the secondary

copulatory·complex without penis; 4, lateral view of the penis.

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so

N- _____ _ LO- _____ -

AH---

HP ,-- ___ •

2mm

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6

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SolA

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5

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Fi, •. '.6. IlIlnolDmpltu. 'CI}IalC (Rambo)! S, Ventr.1 view of the primary copulatory-complex; 6, Ventral vIew of the .econdary copulatory-comp)o with poui. in ,itu.

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1972 KHAN COPULATORY COMPLEX OF ODONATA

2mm 7 8

Fias. 7·8. Jctlnolompnus rapax (Ramb.) : 7, Ventral view of the secondary copulatory·complex without penis; 8, lateral view of the penis.

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2mm

FLA __ ---IIIST---

~[

AH -- __ • - ......

H,. .----- ~------=~~: . Oil - - - - - -- -.r81'Mk,1t HO. ____________ .-----., ,.H-___ _ T------

.c~{-'''''-It"--_-___ Jj~ -__ : :: ~~ s - -- AU

-- -- -- APsr -- - ---- --P5

- L8

11 2mm

Flp. 9·11. lClinoltlmphU4 a/I'ax (Sel),,): 9, Ventral view of tbe primary copula .. tory.complcllq JO, Ventral view of the IOCOnciary copulatory-complex without poni •• 11, lateral view of the peni ••

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