the constitution of bangladesh

8/4/2019 The Constitution of Bangladesh

1/146

Page 1 of 146

THE CONSTITUTION OF THEPEOPLE'S

REPUBLIC OFBANGLADESH

(As modified up to 17 May, 2004)


2/146

Page 2 of 146

CONTENTSPREAMBLE

PART I

THE REPUBLIC

Article:

1. The Republic

2. The territory of the Republic

2A. The State religion

3. The State language

4. National anthem, flag and emblem

5. The capital

6. Citizenship

7. Supremacy of the Constitution

PART II FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY

8. Fundamental principles
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#PREhttp://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#P1http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#P1http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#1.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#1.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#2.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#2.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#2A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#2A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#3.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#4.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#4.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#5.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#5.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#6.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#6.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#7.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#7.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#P2http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#P2http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#8.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#8.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#8.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#P2http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#7.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#6.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#5.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#4.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#3.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#2A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#2.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#1.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#P1http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part1.htm#PRE


3/146

Page 3 of 146

9. Promotion of local Government institutions

10. Participation of women in national life

11. Democracy and human rights

12. [Omitted]

13. Principles of ownership

14. Emancipation of peasants and workers

15. Provision of basic necessities

16. Rural development and agricultural revolution

17. Free and compulsory education

18. Public health and morality

19. Equality of opportunity

20. Work as a right and duty

21. Duties of citizens and of public servants

22. Seperation of judiciary from the excutive

23. National culture

24. National monuments, etc.

25. Promotion of international peace, security and solidarity

PART III

FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#9.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#9.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#10.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#10.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#11.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#11.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#13.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#13.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#14.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#14.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#15.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#15.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#16.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#16.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#17.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#17.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#18.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#18.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#19.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#19.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#20.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#20.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#21.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#21.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#22.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#22.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#23.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#23.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#24.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#24.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#25.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#25.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#P3http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#P3http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#P3http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#25.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#24.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#23.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#22.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#21.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#20.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#19.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#18.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#17.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#16.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#15.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#14.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#13.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#11.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#10.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part2.htm#9.


4/146

Page 4 of 146

26. Laws inconsistent with fundamental rights to be void

27. Equality before law

28. Discremination on grounds of religion, etc.

29. Eqality of opportunity in public employment

30. Prohibition of foreign titles, etc.

31. Right to protection of law

32. Protection of right to life and personal liberty

33. Safegards as to arrest and detention

34. Prohibition of forced labour

35. Protection in respect of trial and punishment

36. Freedom of movement

37. Freedom of assembly

38. Freedom of association

39. Freedom of thought and conscience, and of speech

40. Freedom of procession or occupation

41. Freedom of religion

42. Rights of property

43. Protection of home and correspondence

44. Enforcement of fundamental rights
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#26.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#26.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#27.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#27.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#28.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#28.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#29.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#30.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#30.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#31.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#31.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#32.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#32.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#33.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#33.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#34.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#34.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#35.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#36.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#37.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#38.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#38.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#39.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#39.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#40.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#40.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#41.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#41.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#42.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#42.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#43.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#43.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#44.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#44.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#44.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#43.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#42.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#41.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#40.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#39.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#38.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#37.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#36.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#35.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#34.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#33.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#32.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#31.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#30.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#29.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#28.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#27.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#26.


5/146

Page 5 of 146

45. Modification of rights in respect of disciplinary law

46. Power to provide indemnity

47. Saving for certain laws

47A. Inapplicability of certain articles

PART IV

THE EXECUTIVE

CHAPTER I - THE PRESIDENT

48. The President

49. Prerogative of marcy

50. Term of office of President

51. President's immunity

52. Impeachment of the President

53. Removal of President on ground of incapacity

54. Speaker to act as President during absence, etc.

CHAPTER II - THE PRIME MINISTER AND THE CABINET

55. The Cabinet

56. Minister

57. Tenure of office of Prime Minister
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#45.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#45.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#46.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#46.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#47.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#47.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#47A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#47A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#P4http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#P4http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#48.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#49.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#49.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#50.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#50.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#51.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#51.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#52.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#52.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#53.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#53.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#54.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#54.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#55.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#56.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#56.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#57.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#57.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#57.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#56.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#55.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#54.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#53.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#52.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#51.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#50.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#49.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#48.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#P4http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#47A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#47.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#46.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part3.htm#45.


6/146

Page 6 of 146

58. Tenure of office of other Minister

58A. Application of Chapter

CHAPTER II A - NON-PARTY CARE TAKER GOVERNMENT

58B. Non-Party Care-taker Government

58C.Composition of the Non-Party Care-taker Government,appointment of Advisers, etc.

58D. Functions of Non-Party Care-taker Government

58E. Certain provisions of the Constitution to remain ineffective

CHAPTER III - LOCAL GOVERNMENT

59. Local Government

60. Powers of local government bodies

61. Supreme Command

62. Recuitment, etc., of defence services

63. War

CHAPTER V - THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL

64. The Attorney-General

PART V

THE LEGISLATURE
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58B.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58B.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58C.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58C.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58C.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58D.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58E.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58E.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#59.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#59.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#60.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#60.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#61.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#62.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#62.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#63.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#64.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#64.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#P5http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#P5http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#64.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#63.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#62.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#61.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#60.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#59.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58E.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58D.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58C.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58C.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58B.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part4.htm#58.


7/146

Page 7 of 146

CHAPTER I-PARLIAMENT

65. Establishment of Parliament

66. Qualifications and disqualifications for election to Parliament

67. Vacation of seats of members

68. Remuneration, etc., of members of Parliament

69. Penalty for member sitting or voting before taking oath

70. Vacation of seat on resignation, etc.

71. Bar against double membership

72. Sessions of Parliament

73. President's address and messages to Parliament

73A. Rights of Ministers as respects Parliament

74. Speaker and Deputy Speaker

75. Rules of procedure, quorum, etc.

76. Stading committees of Parliament

77. Ombudsman

78. Privileges and immunities of Parliament and members

79. Secretariat of Parliament

CHAPTER II-LEGISLATIVE AND FINANCIAL PROCEDURES

80. Legislative procedure
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#65.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#65.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#66.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#66.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#67.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#67.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#68.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#68.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#69.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#69.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#70.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#70.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#71.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#71.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#72.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#72.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#73.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#73A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#73A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#74.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#74.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#75.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#75.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#76.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#77.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#78.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#78.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#79.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#79.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#80.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#80.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#80.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#79.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#78.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#77.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#76.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#75.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#74.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#73A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#73.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#72.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#71.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#70.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#69.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#68.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#67.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#66.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#65.


8/146

Page 8 of 146

81. Money Bills

82. Recommendation for financial measures

83. Mo taxation except by or under Act of Parliament

84. Consolidated Fund and the Public Account of the Republic

85. Regulation of public moneys

86. Moneys payable to Public Account of Republic

87. Annual financial statement

88. Charges on Consolidated Fund

89. Procedure relating to annual financial statement

90. Appropriation Act

91. Supplementary and excess grants

92. Votes on account, votes of credit, etc.

92A. [Omitted]

CHAPTER III-ORDINANCE MAKING POOWER

93. Ordinance making power

PART VI

THE JUDICIARY

CHAPTER I-THE SUPREME COURT
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#81.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#81.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#82.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#82.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#83.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#83.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#84.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#84.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#85.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#85.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#86.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#86.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#87.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#87.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#88.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#89.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#89.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#90.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#90.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#91.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#91.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#92.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#92.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#93.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#93.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#P6http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#P6http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#P6http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#93.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#92.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#91.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#90.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#89.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#88.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#87.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#86.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#85.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#84.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#83.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#82.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part5.htm#81.


9/146

Page 9 of 146

94. Establishment of Supreme Court

95. Appointment of Judges

96. Tenure of Office of Judges

97. Temporary appointment of Chief Justice

98. Additional Supreme Court Judges

99. Disabilities of Judges

100. Seat of Supreme Court

101. Jueisdiction of High Court Division

102.Powers of High Court Division to issue certain orders anddirections, etc.

103. Jurisdiction of Appellate Division

104. Issue and ececution of processis of Appellate Division

105. Review of Judgments or orders by Appellate Division

106. Advisory jurisdiction of Supreme Court

107. Rule making power of the Supreme Court

108. Supreme Court as court of record

109. Superintendence and control over courts

110.Transfer of cases from subordinate courts to High CourtDivision

111. Binding effect of Supreme Court judgments
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#94.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#94.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#95.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#95.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#96.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#96.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#97.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#97.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#98.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#98.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#99.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#99.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#100.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#100.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#101.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#101.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#102.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#102.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#102.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#103.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#103.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#104.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#104.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#105.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#105.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#106.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#106.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#107.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#107.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#108.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#108.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#109.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#109.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#110.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#110.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#110.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#111.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#111.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#111.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#110.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#110.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#109.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#108.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#107.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#106.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#105.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#104.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#103.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#102.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#102.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#101.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#100.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#99.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#98.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#97.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#96.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#95.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#94.


10/146

Page 10 of 146

112. Action in aid of Supreme Court

113. Staff of Supreme Court

CHAPTER II-SUBORDINATE COURTS

114. Establishment of subordinate courts

115. Appointments to subordinate courts

116. Control and discipline of subordinate courts

116A. Judicial officers to be independent in the exercise of theirfunctions

CHAPTER III-ADNINISTRATIVE TRIBUNALS

117. Administrative tribunals

PART VIA-THE NATIONAL PARTY-[OMITTED]

PART VII

ELECTIONS

118. Establishment of Election Commission

119. Functions of Election Commission

120. Staff of Election Commission

121. Single electoral roll for each constituency
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#112.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#112.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#113.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#113.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#114.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#114.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#115.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#115.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#116.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#116.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#116A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#116A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#116A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#116A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#117.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#117.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#P7http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#P7http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#118.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#118.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#119.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#119.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#120.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#120.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#121.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#121.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#121.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#120.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#119.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#118.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#P7http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#117.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#116A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#116A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#116.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#115.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#114.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#113.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part6.htm#112.


11/146

Page 11 of 146

122. Qualifications for registration as voter

123. Time for holding elections

124. Parliament may make provision as to elections

125. Validity of election law and elections

126. Executive authorities to assist Election Commission

PART VIII

THE COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR-GENERAL

127. Establishment of office of Auditor-General

128. Functions of Auditor-General

129. Term of office of Auditor-General

130. Acting Auditor-General

131. Form and manner of keeping public accounts

132. Reports of Auditor-General to be laid before Parliament

PART IX

THE SERVICES OF BANGLADESH

CHAPTER I-SERVICES

133. Appointment and conditions of service

134. Tenure of office
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#122.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#122.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#123.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#123.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#124.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#124.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#125.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#125.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#126.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#126.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#P8http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#P8http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#127.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#127.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#128.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#128.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#129.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#129.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#130.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#130.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#131.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#131.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#132.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#132.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#P9http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#P9http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#133.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#133.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#134.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#134.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#134.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#133.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#P9http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#132.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#131.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#130.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#129.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#128.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#127.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part8.htm#P8http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#126.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#125.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#124.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#123.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part7.htm#122.


12/146

Page 12 of 146

135. Dismissal, etc., of civilian public officers

136. Reorganisation of service

CHAPTER II-PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSIONS

137. Establishment of Commissions

138. Appointment of members

139. Term of office

140. Functions of Commissions

141. Annual report

PART IXA

EMERGENCY PROVISIONS

141A. Proclamation of Emergency

141B. Suspension of provisions of certain articles duringemergencies

141C.

Suspension of enforcement of fundamental right during

emergencies

PART X

AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION

142. Power to amend any provision of the Constitution
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#135.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#135.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#136.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#136.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#137.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#137.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#138.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#138.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#139.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#139.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#140.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#140.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#141.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#141.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#P9Ahttp://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#P9Ahttp://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141B.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141B.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141B.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141C.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141C.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141C.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part10.htm#P10http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part10.htm#P10http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part10.htm#142.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part10.htm#142.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part10.htm#142.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part10.htm#P10http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141C.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141C.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141B.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141B.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#141A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9a.htm#P9Ahttp://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#141.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#140.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#139.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#138.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#137.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#136.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part9.htm#135.


13/146

Page 13 of 146

PART XI

MISCELLANEOUS143. Property of the Republic

144. Executive authority in relation to property, trade, etc.

145. Contracts and deeds

145A. International treaties

146. Suits in name of Bangladesh

147. Remuneration, etc., of certain officers

148. Oaths of office

149. Saving for existing laws

150. Transitional and temporary provisions

151. Repeals

152. Interpretation

153. Commencement, citation and authenticity

SCHEDULES

FIRST SCHEDULE -Laws effective notwithstanding other provisions

SECOND SCHEDULE -Election of President [Omitted]

THIRD SCHEDULE -Oaths and affirmations
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#P11http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#P11http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#143.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#143.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#144.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#144.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#145.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#145.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#145A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#145A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#145A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#146.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#146.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#147.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#147.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#148.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#148.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#149.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#149.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#150.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#150.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#151.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#151.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#152.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#152.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#153.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#153.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/schedule1.htmhttp://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/schedule1.htmhttp://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/schedule3.htmhttp://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/schedule3.htmhttp://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/schedule3.htmhttp://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/schedule1.htmhttp://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#153.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#152.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#151.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#150.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#149.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#148.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#147.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#146.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#145A.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#145.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#144.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#143.http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/part11.htm#P11


14/146

Page 14 of 146

FOURTH SCHEDULE -Transitional and temporary provisions

1[BISMILLAH-AR-RAHIMAN-AR-RAHIM(In the name of Allah, the Beneficent,the

Merciful)]

PREAMBLE

We, the people of Bangladesh, having proclaimed ourIndependence on the 26th day of March, 1971 and through 2[ahistoric war for national independence], established theindependent, sovereign People's Republic of Bangladesh;3 [Pledging that the high ideals of absolute trust and faith in theAlmighty Allah, nationalism, democracy and socialism meaning

economic and social justice, which inspired our heroic people todedicate themselves to, and our brave martyrs to sacrifice theirlives in the war for national independence, shall be fundamentalprinciples of the Constitution;]Further pledging that it shall be a fundamental aim of the Stateto realise through the democratic process to socialist society,free from exploitation-a society in which the rule of law,fundamental human rights and freedom, equality and justice,political, economic and social, will be secured for all citizens;Affirming that it is our sacred duty to safeguard, protect anddefend this Constitution and to maintain its supremacy as theembodiment of the will of the people of Bangladesh so that wemay prosper in freedom and may make our full contributiontowards international peace and co-operation in keeping withthe progressive aspirations of mankind;

In our Constituent Assembly, this eighteenth day of Kartick,1379 B.S corresponding to the fourth day of November, 1972
http://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/schedule4.htmhttp://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/schedule4.htmhttp://www.parliament.gov.bd/Constitution_English/schedule4.htm


15/146

Page 15 of 146

A.D., do hereby adopt, enact and give to ourselves thisConstitution.

PART I

THE REPUBLIC

1.The Republic.Bangladesh is a unitary, independent,sovereign Republic to be known as the People's Republic of Bangladesh.2.The territory of the Republic.The territory of the Republicshall comprise-

1. The territories which immediately before theproclamation of independence on the 26th day of March, 1971 constituted East Pakistan 4[and theterritories referred to as included territories in the

Constitution (Third Amendment) Act, 1974, butexcluding the territories referred to as excludedterritories in that Act; and]

2. such other territories as may become included inBangladesh.

5 [2A.The state religion.The state religion of the Republic is

Islam, but other religions may be practiced in peace andharmony in the Republic.] 3.The state language.The state language of the Republicis 6[Bangla]4.National anthem, flag and emblem.(1) The nationalanthem of the Republic is the first ten lines of "Amar SonarBangla".

(2) The national flag of the Republic shall consist of a circle,


16/146

Page 16 of 146

coloured red throughout its area, resting on a greenbackground.

(3) The national emblem of the Republic is the nationalflower Shapla (nympoea-nouchali) resting on water, havingon each side and ear of paddy and being surmounted bythree connected leaves of jute with two stars on each side of the leaves.

(4) Subject to the foregoing clauses, provisions relating to

the national anthem, flag and emblem shall be made by law.4A.Portrait.(1) Portrait of the President shall be preservedand displayed at the offices of the President, Prime Ministerand Speaker, and all embassies and missions of Bangladeshabroad.(2) In addition to clause (1), Portrait, of only the PrimeMinister, shall be preserved and displayed at the offices of

the President and the Speaker, and in head and branchoffices of all government and semi-government offices,autonomous bodies, statutory public authorities, governmenteducational institutions, embassies and missions of Bangladesh abroad.5.The capital.(1) The capital of the Republic is 7[Dhaka].

(2.) The boundaries of the capital shall be determined bylaw.8[6.Citizenship.(1) The citizenship of Bangladesh shall bedetermined and regulated by law.

(2) The citizens of Bangladesh shall be known asBangladeshis.]


17/146

Page 17 of 146

7.Supremacy of the Constitution.(1) All powers in theRepublic belong to the people, and their exercise on behalf of the people shall be effected only under, and by theauthority of, this Constitution.

(2) This Constitution is, as the solemn expression of the willof the people, the supreme law of the Republic, and if anyother law is inconsistent with this Constitution and other lawshall, to the extent of the inconsistency, be void.

2.The territory of the Republic.The territory of the Republicshall comprise-

1. The territories which immediately before theproclamation of independence on the 26th day of

March, 1971 constituted East Pakistan 4[and theterritories referred to as included territories in theConstitution (Third Amendment) Act, 1974, butexcluding the territories referred to as excludedterritories in that Act; and]


5 [2A.The state religion.The state religion of the Republic isIslam, but other religions may be practiced in peace andharmony in the Republic.] 3.The state language.The state language of the Republicis 6[Bangla]4.National anthem, flag and emblem.(1) The national

anthem of the Republic is the first ten lines of "Amar SonarBangla".


18/146

Page 18 of 146

(2) The national flag of the Republic shall consist of a circle,coloured red throughout its area, resting on a green

background.

(3) The national emblem of the Republic is the nationalflower Shapla (nympoea-nouchali) resting on water, havingon each side and ear of paddy and being surmounted bythree connected leaves of jute with two stars on each side of the leaves.

(4) Subject to the foregoing clauses, provisions relating tothe national anthem, flag and emblem shall be made by law.4A.Portrait.(1) Portrait of the President shall be preservedand displayed at the offices of the President, Prime Ministerand Speaker, and all embassies and missions of Bangladeshabroad.

(2) In addition to clause (1), Portrait, of only the PrimeMinister, shall be preserved and displayed at the offices of the President and the Speaker, and in head and branchoffices of all government and semi-government offices,autonomous bodies, statutory public authorities, governmenteducational institutions, embassies and missions of Bangladesh abroad.

5.The capital.(1) The capital of the Republic is7[Dhaka].



19/146

Page 19 of 146

(2) The citizens of Bangladesh shall be known asBangladeshis.]7.Supremacy of the Constitution.(1) All powers in the

Republic belong to the people, and their exercise on behalf of the people shall be effected only under, and by theauthority of, this Constitution.

(2) This Constitution is, as the solemn expression of the willof the people, the supreme law of the Republic, and if any

other law is inconsistent with this Constitution and other lawshall, to the extent of the inconsistency, be void.


5 [2A.The state religion.The state religion of the Republic is

Islam, but other religions may be practiced in peace andharmony in the Republic.] 3.The state language.The state language of the Republicis 6[Bangla]4.National anthem, flag and emblem.(1) The nationalanthem of the Republic is the first ten lines of "Amar SonarBangla".

(2) The national flag of the Republic shall consist of a circle,coloured red throughout its area, resting on a greenbackground.

(3) The national emblem of the Republic is the nationalflower Shapla (nympoea-nouchali) resting on water, having

on each side and ear of paddy and being surmounted bythree connected leaves of jute with two stars on each side of


20/146

Page 20 of 146

the leaves.







(2) This Constitution is, as the solemn expression of the will

of the people, the supreme law of the Republic, and if any


21/146

Page 21 of 146


3.The state language.The state language of the Republicis 6[Bangla]4.National anthem, flag and emblem.(1) The nationalanthem of the Republic is the first ten lines of "Amar SonarBangla".

(2) The national flag of the Republic shall consist of a circle,

coloured red throughout its area, resting on a greenbackground.

(3) The national emblem of the Republic is the nationalflower Shapla (nympoea-nouchali) resting on water, havingon each side and ear of paddy and being surmounted bythree connected leaves of jute with two stars on each side of

the leaves.

(4) Subject to the foregoing clauses, provisions relating tothe national anthem, flag and emblem shall be made by law.4A.Portrait.(1) Portrait of the President shall be preservedand displayed at the offices of the President, Prime Ministerand Speaker, and all embassies and missions of Bangladesh

abroad.(2) In addition to clause (1), Portrait, of only the PrimeMinister, shall be preserved and displayed at the offices of the President and the Speaker, and in head and branchoffices of all government and semi-government offices,autonomous bodies, statutory public authorities, governmenteducational institutions, embassies and missions of

Bangladesh abroad.


22/146

Page 22 of 146

5.The capital.(1) The capital of the Republic is 7[Dhaka].

(2.) The boundaries of the capital shall be determined by

law.8[6.Citizenship.(1) The citizenship of Bangladesh shall bedetermined and regulated by law.

(2) The citizens of Bangladesh shall be known asBangladeshis.]7.Supremacy of the Constitution.(1) All powers in the

Republic belong to the people, and their exercise on behalf of the people shall be effected only under, and by theauthority of, this Constitution.

(2) This Constitution is, as the solemn expression of the willof the people, the supreme law of the Republic, and if any


4.National anthem, flag and emblem.(1) The nationalanthem of the Republic is the first ten lines of "Amar SonarBangla".

(2) The national flag of the Republic shall consist of a circle,coloured red throughout its area, resting on a greenbackground.

(3) The national emblem of the Republic is the nationalflower Shapla (nympoea-nouchali) resting on water, havingon each side and ear of paddy and being surmounted by

three connected leaves of jute with two stars on each side of


23/146

Page 23 of 146

the leaves.







(2) This Constitution is, as the solemn expression of the will

of the people, the supreme law of the Republic, and if any


24/146

Page 24 of 146


5.The capital.(1) The capital of the Republic is7

[Dhaka].


(2) The citizens of Bangladesh shall be known asBangladeshis.]7.Supremacy of the Constitution.(1) All powers in theRepublic belong to the people, and their exercise on behalf of the people shall be effected only under, and by theauthority of, this Constitution.

(2) This Constitution is, as the solemn expression of the willof the people, the supreme law of the Republic, and if anyother law is inconsistent with this Constitution and other lawshall, to the extent of the inconsistency, be void.


25/146

Page 25 of 146

PART II

FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY

8.Fundamental principles .9[(1) The principles of absolutetrust and faith in the Almighty Allah, nationalism,democracy and socialism meaning economic and social

justice, together with the principles derived from them as setout in this Part, shall constitute the fundamental principles of state policy.(1A). Absolute trust and faith in the Almighty Allah shall bethe basis of all actions.](2) The principles set out in this Part shall be fundamental tothe governance of Bangladesh, shall be applied by the Statein the making of laws, shall be a guide to the interpretationof the Constitution and of the other laws of Bangladesh, andshall form the basis of the work of the State and of itscitizens, but shall not be judicially enforceable.10[9.Promotion of local Government institutions.The Stateshall encourage local Government institutions composed of representatives of the areas concerned and in suchinstitutions special representation shall be given, as far aspossible, to peasants, workers and women.10.Participation of women in national life.Steps shall betaken to ensure participation of women in all spheres of national life.] Participation of women in national life.]11.Democracy and human rights.The Republic shall be ademocracy in which fundamental human rights andfreedoms and respect for the dignity and worth of the humanperson shall be guaranteed 11 * * * 12[, andin which effective participation by the people through their

elected representatives in administration at all levels shall beensured].


26/146

Page 26 of 146

12.[Omitted] 13* * * * * *13.Principles of ownership.The people shall own or controlthe instruments and means of production and distribution,

and with this end in view ownership shall assume thefollowing forms-

1. state ownership, that is ownership by the State onbehalf of the people through the creation of an efficientand dynamic nationalised public sector embracing thekey sectors of the economy;

2. co-operative ownership, that is ownership by co-operatives on behalf of their members within suchlimits as may be prescribed by law; and

3. private ownership, that is ownership by individualswithin such limits as may be prescribed by law.

14.Emancipation of peasants and workers.It shall be afundamental responsibility of the State to emancipate thetoiling masses the peasants and workers and backwardsections of the people from all forms and exploitation. 15.Provision of basic necessities.It shall be a fundamentalresponsibility of the State to attain, through plannedeconomic growth, a constant increase of productive forcesand a steady improvement in the material and culturalstandard of living of the people, with a view to securing toits citizens-

1. the provision of the basic necessities of life, includingfood, clothing, shelter, education and medical care;

2. the right to work, that is the right to guaranteedemployment at a reasonable wage having regard to thequantity and quality of work;

3. the right to reasonable rest, recreation and leisure; and


27/146

Page 27 of 146

4. the right to social security, that is to say to publicassistance in cases of undeserved want arising fromunemployment, illness or disablement, or suffered by

widows or orphans or in old age, or in other such cases.16.Rural development and agricultural revolution.The Stateshall adopt effective measures to bring about a radicaltransformation in the rural areas through the promotion of aagricultural revolution, the provision of rural electrification,the development of cottage and other industries, and the

improvement of education, communications and publichealth, in those areas, so as progressively to remove thedisparity in the standards of living between the urban andthe rules areas. 17.Free and compulsory education.The State shall adopteffective measures for the purpose of -

1. establishing a uniform, mass-oriented and universalsystem of education and extending free and compulsoryeducation to all children to such stage as may bedetermined by law ;

2. relating education to the needs of society and producingproperly trained and motivated citizens to serve thoseneeds;

3. removing illiteracy within such time as may bedetermined by law.

18.Public health and morality.(1) The State shall regard theraising of the level of nutrition and the improvement of public health as moving its primary duties, and in particularshall adopt effective measures to prevent the consumption,except for medical purposes or for such other purposes as


28/146

Page 28 of 146

may be prescribed by law, of alcoholic and otherintoxicating drinks and drugs which are injurious to health.

(2) The State shall adopt effective measures to preventprostitution and gambling.

19.Equality of opportunity.(1) The State shall endeavour toensure equality of opportunity to all citizens.

(2) The State shall adopt effective measures to removesocial and economic inequality between man and man and to

ensure the equitable distribution of wealth among citizens,and of opportunities in order to attain a uniform level of economic development throughout the Republic.

20.Work as a right and duty.(1) Work is a right, a duty and amatter of honour for every citizen who is capable of working, and everyone shall be paid for his work on the

basis of the principle "from each according to his abilities toeach according to his work".

(2) The State shall endeavour to create conditions in which,as a general principle, persons shall not be able to enjoyunearned incomes, and in which human labour in everyform, intellectual and physical, shall become a fullerexpression of creative endeavour and of the humanpersonality.

21.Duties of citizens and of public servants.(1) It is the dutyof every citizen to observe the Constitution and the laws, tomaintain discipline, to perform public duties and to protectpublic property.

(2) Every person in the service of the Republic has a duty tostrive at all times to serve the people.


29/146

Page 29 of 146

22.Separation of Judiciary from the executive.The Stateshall ensure the separation of the judiciary from theexecutive organs of the State. Separation of Judiciary from

the executive. 23.National Culture.The State shall adopt measures toconserve the cultural traditions and heritage of the people,and so to foster and improve the national language, literatureand the arts that all sections of the people are afforded theopportunity to contribute towards and to participate in theenrichment of the national culture.

24.National monuments, etc.The State shall adopt measuresfor the protection against disfigurement, damage or removalof all monuments, objects or places of special artistic orhistoric importance or interest.25.Promotion of international peace, security andsolidarity. 14[(1)] The State shall base its internationalrelations on the principles of respect for national sovereignty

and equality, non-interference in the internal affairs of othercountries, peaceful settlement of international disputes, andrespect for international law and the principles enunciated inthe United Nations Charter, and on the basis of thoseprinciple shall-

1. Strive for the renunciation of the use of force in

international relations and for general and completedisarmament; 2. uphold the right of every people freely to determine and

build up its own social, economic and political systemby ways and means of its own free choice; and

3. support oppressed peoples throughout the world waginga just struggle against imperialism, colonialism or

racialism.


30/146

Page 30 of 146

15[(2) The State shall endeavour to consolidate, preserve andstrengthen fraternal relations among Muslim countries basedon Islamic solidarity.]


31/146

Page 31 of 146

PART III

FUNDAMENTALRIGHTS

26. Laws inconsistent with fundamental rights to be void.(1) All existing law inconsistent with the provisions of this Part shall, to the extent of such inconsistency,become void on the commencement of this Constitution.

(2) The State shall not make any law inconsistent withany provisions of this Part, and any law so made shall, tothe extent of such inconsistency, be void.

16[(3) Nothing in this article shall apply to anyamendment of this Constitution made under article 142].

27. Equality before law.All citizens are equal before law and are entitled to equalprotection of law.

28. Discrimination on grounds of religion, etc.(1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen ongrounds only of religion, race caste, sex or place of birth.

(2) Women shall have equal rights with men in allspheres of the State and of public life.

(3) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race,caste, sex or place of birth be subjected to any disability,liability, restriction or condition with regard to access toany place of public entertainment or resort, or admission

to any educational institution.


32/146

Page 32 of 146

(4) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State frommaking special provision in favour of women or childrenor for the advancement of any backward section of

citizens.29. Equality of opportunity in public employment.(1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizensin respect of employment or office in the service of theRepublic.

(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race,caste, sex or place of birth, be ineligible for, ordiscriminated against in respect of, any employment oroffice in the service of the Republic.

(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from -

1. making special provision in favour of any backwardsection of citizens for the purpose of securing theiradequate representation in the service of the

Republic;2. giving effect to any law which makes provision for

reserving appointments relating to any religious ordenominational institution to persons of that religionor denomination;

3. reserving for members of one sex any class of employment or office on the ground that it isconsidered by its nature to be unsuited to membersof the opposite sex.

17[30. Prohibition of foreign titles, etc.No citizen shall, without the prior approval of thePresident, accept any title, honour, award or decorationfrom any foreign state.]

31. Right to protection of law.

To enjoy the protection of the law, and to be treated in


33/146

Page 33 of 146

accordance with law, and only in accordance with law, isthe inalienable right of every citizen, wherever he maybe, and of every other person for the time being within

Bangladesh, and in particular no action detrimental to thelife, liberty, body, reputation or property of any personshall be taken except in accordance with law.

32. Protection of right to life and personal liberty.No person shall be deprived of life or personal libertysave in accordance with law.

18[33. Safeguards as to arrest and detention.

(1) No person who is arrested shall be detained in custodywithout being informed, as soon as may be of the groundsfor such arrest, nor shall he be denied the right to consultand be defended by a legal practitioner of his choice.

(2) Every person who is arrested and detained in custodyshall be produced before the nearest magistrate within aperiod of twenty four hours of such arrest, excluding the

time necessary for the journey from the place of arrest tothe court of the magistrate, and no such person shall bedetained in custody beyond the said period without theauthority of a magistrate.

(3) Nothing in clauses (1) and (2) shall apply to anyperson-

1. who for the time being is an enemy alien; or2. who is arrested or detained under any law providingfor preventive detention.

(4) No law providing for preventive detention shallauthorise the detention of a person for a period exceedingsix months unless an Advisory Board consisting of threepersons, of whom two shall be persons who are, or have

been, or are qualified to be appointed as, Judges of theSupreme Court and the other shall be a person who is a


34/146

Page 34 of 146

senior officer in the service of the Republic, has, afteraffording him an opportunity of being heard in person,reported before the expiration of the said period of six

months that there is, in its opinion, sufficient cause forsuch detention.

(5) When any person is detained in pursuance of an ordermade under any law providing for preventive detention,the authority making the order shall, as soon as may be,communicate to such person the grounds on which theorder has been made, and shall afford him the earliest

opportunity of making a representation against the order.(6) Parliament may be law prescribe the procedure to befollowed by an Advisory Board in an inquiry underclause (4)].

34. Prohibition of forced labour.(1) All forms of forced labour are prohibited and anycontravention of this provision shall be an offencepunishable in accordance with law.

(2) Nothing in this article shall apply to compulsorylabour.

1. by persons undergoing lawful punishment for acriminal offence; or

2. required by any law for public purpose.

35. Protection in respect of trial and punishment.(1) No person shall be convicted to any offence exceptfor violation of al law in force at the time of thecommission of the act charged as an offence, nor besubjected to a penalty greater than, or different from thatwhich might have been inflicted under the law in force atthe time of the commission of the offence.


35/146

Page 35 of 146

(2) No person shall be prosecuted and punished for thesame offence more than once.

(3) Every person accused of a criminal offence shall havethe right to a speedy and public trial by an independentand impartial court or tribunal established by law.

(4) No person accused of any offence shall be compelledto be a witness against himself.

(5) No person shall be subjected to torture or to cruel,

inhuman, or degrading punishment or treatment.

(6) Nothing in clause (3) or clause (5) shall affect theoperation of any existing law which prescribes anypunishment or procedure for trial.

36. Freedom of movement.Subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law inthe public interest, every citizen shall have the right tomove freely throughout Bangladesh, to reside and settlein any place therein and to leave and re-enter Bangladesh.

37. Freedom of assembly.Every citizen shall have the right to assemble and toparticipate in public meetings and processions peacefullyand without arms, subject to any reasonable restrictionsimposed by law in the interests of public order health.

38. Freedom of association.Every citizen shall have the right to form associations orunions, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed bylaw in the interests of morality or publicorder; 19* * *

* * * * * *

39. Freedom of thought and conscience, and of speech.


36/146

Page 36 of 146

(1) Freedom or thought and conscience is guaranteed.Freedom of thought and conscience, and of speech.

(2) Subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by lawin the interests of the security of the State, friendlyrelations with foreign states, public order, decency ormorality, or in relation to contempt of court, defamationor incitement to an offence-

1. the right of every citizen of freedom of speech andexpression; and

2. freedom of the press, are guaranteed.

40. Freedom of profession or occupation.Subject to any restrictions imposed by law, every citizenpossessing such qualifications, if any, as may beprescribed by law in relation to his profession,occupation, trade or business shall have the right to enterupon any lawful profession or occupation, and to conduct

any lawful trade or business.41. Freedom of religion.

(1) Subject to law, public order and morality-

1. every citizen has the right to profess, practice orpropagate any religion;

2. every religious community or denomination has theright to establish, maintain and manage its religiousinstitutions.

(2) No person attending any educational institution shallbe required to receive religious instruction, or to take partin or to attend any religious ceremony or worship, if thatinstruction, ceremony or worship relates to a religionother than his own.

42. Rights to property.(1) Subject to any restrictions imposed by law, every


37/146

Page 37 of 146

citizen shall have the right to acquire, hold, transfer orotherwise dispose of property, and no property shall becompulsorily acquired, nationalised or requisitioned save

by authority of law.20[(2) A law made under clause (1) shall provide for theacquisition, nationalisation or requisition withcompensation and shall either fix the amount of compensation or specify the principles on which, and themanner in which, the compensation is to be assessed andpaid; but no such law shall be called in question in any

court on the ground that any provision in respect of suchcompensation is not adequate.

(3) Nothing in this article shall affect the operation of anylaw made before the commencement of theProclamations (Amendment) Order, 1977 (ProclamationsOrder No. I of 1977), in so far as it relates to theacquisition, nationalisation or acquisition of any property

without compensation.]43. Protection of home and correspondence.

Every citizen shall have the right, subject to anyreasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interests of the security of the State, public order, public morality orpublic health-

1. to be secured in his home against entry, search andseizure; and

2. to the privacy of his correspondence and othermeans of communication.

21[44. Enforcement of fundamental rights.(1) The right to move the 22[High Court Division] inaccordance with 23[clause (I)] of article 102 for the

enforcement of the rights conferred by this Part of guaranteed.


38/146

Page 38 of 146

(2) Without prejudice to the powers of the 22[High CourtDivision] under article 102, Parliament may be lawempower any other court, within the local limits of its

jurisdiction, to exercise all or any of those powers.]45. Modification of rights in respect of disciplinary.

Nothing in this Part shall apply to any provision of adisciplinary law relating to members of a disciplinedforce, being a provision limited to the purpose of ensuring the proper discharge of their duties or themaintenance of discipline in that force.

46. Power to provide indemnity.Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, Parliament may be law make provision forindemnifying any person in the service of the Republic orany other person in respect of any act done by him inconnection with the national liberation struggle or themaintenance or restoration of other in any area in

Bangladesh or validate any sentence passed, punishmentinflicted, forfeiture ordered, or other act done in any sucharea.

47. Saving for certain laws.(1) No law providing for any of the following mattersshall be deemed to be void on the ground that it isinconsistent with, or takes away or abridge, any of therights guaranteed by this Part-

1. the compulsory acquisition, nationalisation orrequisition of any property, or the control ormanagement thereof whether temporarily orpermanently;

2. the compulsory amalgamation of bodies carrying oncommercial or other undertakings;

3. the extinction, modification, restriction or regulationof rights of directors, managers, agents and officers


39/146

Page 39 of 146

of any such bodies, or of the voting rights of personsowning shares or stock (in whatever form) therein;

4. the extinction, modification, restriction or regulation

of rights of search for or win minerals or mineraloil;5. the carrying on by the Government or by a

corporation owned, controlled or managed by theGovernment, of any trade, business, industry orservice to the exclusion, complete or partial, or otherpersons; or

6. the extinction, modification, restriction or regulationof any right to property, any right in respect of aprofession, occupation, trade or business or therights of employers or employees in any statutorypublic authority or in any commercial or industrialundertaking;

if Parliament in such law (including, in the case of existing law, by amendment) expressly declares that suchprovision is made to give effect to any of the fundamentalprinciples of state policy set out in Part II of thisConstitution.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in thisConstitution the laws specified in the First Schedule(including any amendment of any such law) shallcontinue to have full force and effect, and no provision of any such law, nor anything done or omitted to be doneunder the authority of such law, shall be deemed void orunlawful on the ground of inconsistency with, orrepugnance to, any provision of thisConstitution; 24[Provided that nothing in this article shallprevent amendment, modification or repeal of any suchlaw.]

25[(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in this


40/146


41/146

Page 41 of 146

27[CHAPTER I-THE PRESIDENT

48.The President.(1) There shall be a President of

Bangladesh who shall be elected by members of Parliamentin accordance with law.

(2) The President shall as Head of State, take precedenceover all other persons in the State, and shall exercise thepowers and perform the duties conferred and imposed onhim by this Constitution and by any other law.

(3) In the exercise of all his functions, save only that of appointing the Prime Minister pursuant to clause (3) of article 56 and the Chief Justice pursuant to clause (1) of article 95, the President shall act in accordance with theadvice of the Prime Minister;

Provided that the question whether any, and if so what,

advice has been tendered by the Prime Minister to thePresident shall not be enquired into in any court.

(4) A person shall not be qualified for election as Presidentif he-

1. is less than thirty-five years of age; or2. is not qualified for election a member of Parliament; or3. has been removed from the office of President by

impeachment under this Constitution.

(5) The Prime Minister shall keep the President informed onmatters of domestic and foreign policy, and submit for theconsideration of the Cabinet any matter which the Presidentmay request him to refer to it.

49.Prerogative of mercy.The President shall have power togrant pardons, reprieves and respites and to remit, suspend


42/146

Page 42 of 146

or commute any sentence passed by any court, tribunal orother authority. Prerogative of mercy.50.Term of office of President.(1) Subject to the provisions

of this Constitution, the President shall hold office for a termof five years from the date on which he enters upon hisoffice;Provided that notwithstanding the expiration of his term thePresident shall continue to hold office until his successorenters upon office.(2) No person shall hold office as President for more than

two terms, whether or not the terms are consecutive.(3) The President may resign his office by writing under hishand addressed to the Speaker.(4) The President during his term of office shall not bequalified for election as a member of Parliament, and if amember of Parliament is elected as President he shall vacatehis seat in Parliament on the day on which he enters upon

his office as President.51.President's immunity.(1) Without prejudice to theprovisions of article 52, the President shall not beanswerable in any court for anything done or omitted by himin the exercise or purported exercise of the functions of thisoffice, but this clause shall not prejudice the right of anyperson to take proceedings against the Government.

(2) During his term of office no criminal proceedingswhatsoever shall be instituted or continued against thePresident in, and no process for his arrest or imprisonmentshall issue from, any court.52.Impeachment of the President.(1) The President may beimpeached on a charge of violating this Constitution or of grave misconduct, preferred by a notice of motion signed by

a majority of the total number of members of the Parliament


43/146

Page 43 of 146

and delivered to the speaker, setting out the particulars of the charges, and the motion shall not be debated earlier thanfourteen nor later than thirty days after the notice is so

delivered; and the Speaker shall forthwith summonParliament if it is not in session.(2) The Conduct of the President may be referred byParliament to any court, tribunal or body appointed ordesignated by Parliament for the investigation of a chargeunder this article.(3) The President shall have the right to appear and to be

represented during the consideration of the charge.(4) If after the consideration of the charge a resolution ispassed by Parliament by votes of not less than two-thirds of the total number of members declaring that the charge hasbeen substantiated, the President shall vacate his office onthe date on which the resolution is passed.(5) Where the Speaker is exercising the functions of the

President under article 54 the provisions of this article shallapply subject to the modifications that the reference to theSpeaker in clause (1) shall be construed as a deference to theDeputy Speaker, and that the reference in clause (4) to thevacation by the President of his office shall be construed asa reference to the vacation by the Speaker of his office asSpeaker; and on the passing of a resolution such as is

referred to in clause (4) the Speaker shall cease to exercisethe functions of President.53.Removal of President of ground of incapacity.(1) ThePresident may be removed from office on the ground of physical or mental incapacity on a motion of which notice,signed by a majority of the total number of members of Parliament, is delivered to the Speaker, setting out


44/146

Page 44 of 146

particulars of the alleged incapacity. Removal of Presidenton ground of incapacity.(2) On receipt of the notice the Speaker shall forthwith

summon Parliament if it is not in session and shall call for aresolution constituting a medical board (hereinafter in thisarticle called "the Board") and upon the necessary motionbeing made and carried shall forthwith cause a copy of thenotice to be transmitted to the President together with arequest signed by the Speaker that the President submithimself within a period of ten days from the date of the

request to an examination by the Board.(3) The motion for removal shall not be put to the voteearlier than fourteen nor later than thirty days after notice of the motion is delivered to the Speaker, and if it is againnecessary to summon Parliament in order to enable themotion to be made within that period, the Speaker shallsummon Parliament.

(4) The President shall have the right to appear and to berepresented during the consideration of the motion.(5) If the President has not submitted himself to anexamination by the Board before the motion is made inParliament, the motion may be put to the vote, and if it ispassed by the votes of not less than two-thirds of the totalnumber of members of Parliament, the President shall vacate

his office on the date on which the motion is passed.(6) If before the motion for removal is made is Parliament,the President has submitted himself to an examination by theBoard, the motion shall not be put to the vote until the Boardhas been given an opportunity of reporting its opinion toParliament.(7) If after consideration by Parliament of the motion and of

the report of the Board (which shall be submitted within


45/146

Page 45 of 146

seven days of the examination held pursuant to clause (2)and if not so submitted shall be dispensed with) the motionis passed by the votes of not less than two-thirds of the total

number of members of Parliament, the President shall vacatehis office on the date on which the resolution is passed.54.Speaker to act as President during absence, etc.If avacancy occurs in the office of President or if the Presidentis unable to discharge the functions of his office on accountof absence, illness or any other cause of Speaker shalldischarge those functions until a President is elected or until

the President resumes the functions of his office, as the casemay be.

CHAPTER II

THE PRIME MINISTER AND THE

CABINET55.The Cabinet.(1) There shall be a Cabinet for Bangladeshhaving the Pri

the constitution of bangladesh

Documents