The Consortial Collection: Lessons from SHEDL’s Approach to Collection

• Digital collections and new study behaviour• SHEDL characteristics• Consortial collection – common elements• Operation of a consortium - challenges• eBooks – opportunities and value• Extend, join or create a consortium?

Richard ParsonsUniversity of Dundee

Chair of SHEDL SG/WG

Scottish Higher Education Digital

Library

Classification of InformationHearsay

Open

Licensed

Local

Distant

Unlicensed

Confidential

Unknown

Unconsidered

Libraries manage

Collections in purple

My desk working environment

- PC- Phone- Multiple screens- iPad- Pen & paper- Drink- Food - Colleagues close

Increasingly digital

Changes to Student Study Practices

- Student PC (processing)- Student phone (communication)- Student iPad (eBook)- Chargers- Pen & paper (processing)

Changes to Student Study Practices

- Food- Drink- Textbook- Student PC (processing)- Student phone (communication)- Student iPad (eBook)- Chargers- Pen & paper- Colleagues close

The Utilisation of Our Collections

- Food- Drink- Textbook- Student PC (processing)- Student phone (communication)- Student iPad (eBook)- Chargers- Pen & paper

Collections in purple

SCURL - Scottish Higher Education Digital Library (SHEDL)

SHEDL works to secure collaborative access to digital content for Scottish HE

• Set of principles• Procures via JISC Collections• Contracts with individual publishers (1877 titles)• 10-15% of Institutional budgets • eJournal bundles to date, now also eBook packages

SHEDLPrinciples• Common access to all patrons in HE• Electronic only provision (DD for print)• Cost contributions based on historic cost• Maintain core subscriptions, access full bundle• 3 year contracts, ideally including transfer titles• Minimal annual increases

SHEDLFeatures• Annual renewals with 3 to 4 publishers each year.• Existing publishers are: Springer, ACS, CUP, OUP, EUP, Berg,

Portico, Intellect, Project MUSE, (IEL & IEEE).• Recent agreement on the first joint purchase of an eBook

package (Springer).• Face challenges in engaging with additional publishers who see

growth in Scotland.• Face challenges in changing budgets and/or remit of

institutions.• Continuing to develop and considering a more comprehensive

approach to developing a digital library.

Collection of Journals

Collection of eBooks, Books, Multimedia, Databases, Bibliometric tools

Types of Purchasing Consortia Centrally funded

Collaboratively funded

Open - optionalClosed - compulsory

Ireland - IREL

WHEEL

German DFG

JISC eCollections

SHEDL

JISC Collections NESLI opportunities

SURFMart

France – BSN, ISTEX

Russia

Arizona State Uni.Consortium eBooks

Fin-eLib

ICOLC

SHEDL Electronic CollectionManaging a digital collection• Easier for the students• No physical constraints• Does require virtual management processes (clearing

catalogue, link resolvers etc)• Efficiency in shared procurement and management• Expanded collection for many SHEDL partners• Common collection across Scotland• Other aspects of collection support could follow –

single LMS, single discovery system, single IL instruction,

Publisher Benefits on Partnering with SHEDL

Sustaining their business• Single invoice and administrative efficiency• 3 year bundle deal with sustained income• Focus sales effort elsewhere• Extend sales through formats – journals, eBooks,

course packs, multimedia• Preferential access to Scottish authors (originators)

SHEDL Collection DevelopmentHow to decide on targets:- Invite suggestions from SHEDL institutions- Audit current coverage- Listen to offers from publishers- Propose tender-based bidsAnd when a target is identified….

SHEDL Collection ExpansionHow can a closed consortium agree?- Trust- Full knowledge of offer and institutions- Acceptance of fair pricing models

- Historic purchase- Usage modification when appropriate- Payment by institutional academic income- Allowance for specialist institutions

- Acceptance that not every deal in beneficial for all- Some difficult and challenging discussions- Celebrate the achievements

SHEDL and the Big Deal consequences

SHEDL and step changes in title number

SHEDL Complexities and DevelopmentsPartnering with Publishers- Need to cope with VAT transitions- Need to agreed transfer title developments- Need to agreed institutional merger policies- Wish to see expansion to NLS, FE and alumni- Wish to see open access dealt with fairly- May underestimate the importance of our researchers

to the publication/purchase cycle

SHEDL eBook PurchasesPotential mechanisms for eBook purchase:

But how can we compare and judge value?

Publisher packages (subject or total packages

Title by title from aggregators (tender

for supply)

Lease

Title by title from publishers (list

price)

PDA (and variants) from aggregators

PDA (and variants) from publishers

Purchase / lease

How can we determine eBook value within bundles?

Partnership for eBook provision

Key: Lease Purchasing Purchased Example License cost (ex VAT)

Pre 1990 1990-1999 2000-2003 2004-2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

No access £50,000No access £51,000No access £52,020

Optional continuation based on both parties continued agreement on fair terms

Determining eBook ValueIdealised model of depreciation

0 to 5 years – 25%6 to 15 years – 15%15 + years – 5%

Calculations can allow for depreciation and purchase / lease components

Partnership for eBook provision Model PricingAssumes 500 books per year available in uniform fashion

Key: Lease Purchasing Purchased License cost (ex VAT)

Pre 1990 1990-1999 2000-2003 2004-2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Total (relative)

No access 33 6.71 12.86 4.75 10.55 14.06 18.75 100 £50,000 200.68No access 0 38.03 10.93 4.03 4.75 10.55 14.06 0 100 £51,000 182.35No access 0 0 85.7 3.43 4.03 4.75 10.55 0 0 100 £52,020 208.46

£153,020Total 3 year 591.49

5 19.43 3.43 4.03 31.64 100 £45,000 163.535 19.43 22.86 100 £46,000 147.29

30 100 £47,000 130

£138,000Total 3 year 440.82

Fractional costs on a year basisPre 1990 1990-1999 2000-2003 2004-2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

No access 16.44 3.34 6.41 2.37 5.26 7.01 9.34 49.83 £50,000No access 0.00 20.86 5.99 2.21 2.60 5.79 7.71 0.00 54.84 £51,000No access 0.00 0.00 41.11 1.65 1.93 2.28 5.06 0.00 0.00 47.97 £52,020

3.06 11.88 2.10 2.46 19.35 61.15 £45,0003.39 13.19 15.52 67.89 £46,000

23.08 76.92 £47,000

Fraction of total costs over 3 year periodPre 1990 1990-1999 2000-2003 2004-2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Actual Value sumNo access £8,537 £1,736 £3,327 £1,229 £2,729 £3,637 £4,851 £25,870 £50,000 £51,916No access £0 £9,838 £2,828 £1,043 £1,229 £2,729 £3,637 £0 £25,870 £51,000 £47,174No access £0 £0 £22,171 £887 £1,043 £1,229 £2,729 £0 £0 £25,870 £52,020 £53,929

£1,565 £6,083 £1,074 £1,262 £9,905 £31,305 £45,000 £51,194£1,565 £6,083 £7,156 £31,305 £46,000 £46,110£9,392 £31,305 £47,000 £40,697

eBook ValueIf you can determine an estimated depreciation curve for a

set of books, then you can determine value based on:- Lease- Bundle purchase- Purchase / lease combinations- PDA (another form of purchase / lease combination)Beware:- New editions- Title price multipliers (consortium or textbooks)- Storage cost savings- Hosting charges- Value by usage data

And Finally!

Extend, Join or Create a Collection Consortia?

Experience from SHEDL:- Builds and sustains the collections- Maintains costs- Shares the workloads- Does require commitment- Builds trust, cooperation, friendship

Our Collections – Any Questions?Richard Parsons r.parsons@dundee.ac.uk

Publication and Access

Conventional publishing

Conventional - Green access

Conventional - author pays - Gold

OA journals – author pays - Gold

Universities / Societies invest to support and sustain publishing

Author Reader

£

£

Open £

All open

All open

£ £

£ £

Archive

Open (after 6 months in PubMed

or repository)

£

(University investment to secure discount)

£

Subscription and Gold OA cost modelling

SCURL Library ChallengesHot topics:• Financial constraints• Coping with high

occupancy• Digital transition

(traditional – books, print journals, storage, disposal)

• Digital transition (digital - wifi, BYOD, mobile, power, bandwidth, VAT, formats, change)

• Digital transition (literacies – staff and student)