the conciergerie, guillotine, bastille, & bastille day created by: andré ferreira, nathan...
TRANSCRIPT
The Conciergerie, Guillotine, Bastille, &
Bastille DayCreated by: André Ferreira,
Nathan Hague, Brandon Nowakowski, Peter Skaza, &
Brandon Watt
Conciergerie: A History
• On the Îl de la Cité– Connection to Ancient Rome
• Extension of the Palais de la Cité– Philip the Fair: 14th century– Gothic chambers
• Infamous symbol of the Reign of Terror
• Remains open for visitors
Conciergerie: Connection to the French Revolution
• Dungeons– Held people sentenced to death
• Known for the number of prisoners executed– 2600 people held there
Guillotine: The Construction
• Contributors– Proposed by Joseph-Ignace Guillotin– First designed by Antoine Louis– Built by Tobias Schmidt
• Built on the Place de Grève
Guillotine: The Application to Society
• March 20, 1792—Official means of execution in France– Was the only legal method
from 1792 to 1981
• Jacque-Nicolus Pelletier (1792)
• 1799—15,000 people executed
Bastille: Origins
• Name derived from bastide— “Fortification”
• Built to serve as a gate
• Symbol of the Bourbon despotism
• Located on the east side of Paris
Bastille: Construction
• April 22, 1370—Charles V began construction
• Charles VI walled up openings, creating a stronghold
• 1557—Bastion built on the eastern flank
• 17th century—Inner court divided
Bastille: Purpose
• 1600s—Became state prison– Cardinal Richelieu– 40 prisoners per year
on average– Lettre de cachet
Bastille: Prisoners
• Celebrities charged with offense
• Political nuisances
• Family members by request
• People on trial (especially during the rule of Louis XIV)
The Storming of the Bastille
• July 14, 1789
• Parisians demanded guns and ammunition
• Bernard Jordan, prison governor– Refused and evaded the Parisians
• Parisians returned
The Effects of the Storming
• Parisians captured the Bastille, obtaining the guns and ammunition
• End of the ancient régime (French Revolution)
• Bastille demolished by Revolutionary government
Bastille Day
• July 14—Marks the fall of the Bastille– Called la fête nationale (“National Day”)– Official holiday in 1880
Bastille Day: Global Celebration
• Former French Colonies– Especially French Polynesia
• Adapted holiday to own culture
• Francophiles celebrate with:– French food– French concerts
En Conclusion
• Conciergerie– Prison known for the people executed there– Used guillotine– Held famous people
• Thomas Paine, Robespierre, Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette
• Guillotine– Execution method by decapitation– Viewed as humane and necessary– Legal for almost 200 years
En Conclusion
• Bastille– State prison built in the 14th century and used
through the 18th century– Stormed for guns and ammunition by Parisians
during the French Revolution
• Bastille Day– Holiday commemorating the storming of the
Bastille– Celebrated on July 14 worldwide with parades,
speeches, and fireworks
Works Cited• Bastille. 20 Jan. 2012.
http://annmariekostyk.com/2010/07/14/bastille-day-french-chocolate-tart/the-bastille/.• Bastille Day Food. 20 Jan. 2012.
http://www.yumsugar.com/Bastille-Day-Recipes-18260753.• Bastion. 1995. 20 Jan. 2012. http://blog.imperva.com/2008/12/the-bastion-returns.html.• Bieber Paris Concert Girls. 20 Jan. 2012.
http://bestpicblog.com/bieber-2011-paris-concert-photos/868/.• Cardinal Richelieu. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.nndb.com/people/894/000092618/.• Conciergerie Monument. 20 Jan. 2012.
http://www.parisdigest.com/monument/laconciergerie.htm.• Danloux, Henri Pierre. Louis Antoine. 20 Jan. 2012.
http://ann-lauren.blogspot.com/2009/08/18-19th-cent-louis-antoine-duke-of.html.• Decaux, Alan. “La Revolution Francaise Aux Enfants.” 1988. Librairie Academique
Perrin. Paris, France. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/rschwart/hist255/kat_anna/fallofbast.html.
• Happy Bastille Day Flag. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.wondercomments.com/bastille-day-comment-2034.html.
Works Cited (cont.)• Houël, Jean-Pierre. “The Storming of the Bastille.” Bibliothèque Nationale Française. 20
Jan. 2012. http://www.historywiz.com/galleries/stormingbastille.html.• Jacques Nicolas Pelletier. 20 Jan. 2012.
http://www.necrosant.net/zbxe/?category=8073&mid=Home&sort_index=readed_count&order_type=desc&document_srl=1914.
• Joseph Guillotin. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.blastmilk.com/decollete/guillotine/the-guillotine.php.
• July 14th. 20 Jan. 2012. http://blueeyedennis-siempre.blogspot.com/2010/07/happy-bastille-day.html.
• Mannequin Prisoner. 20 Jan. 2012. http://bubbletopseb2.skyrock.com/2623614524-Conciergerie-prisoner.html.
• Neff. Guillotine and Torches. 20 Jan. 2012. http://art-showtime-tools.blogspot.com/2011/10/man-uses-guillotine-to-sever-his-arm.html.
• Philip the Fair. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.ghostwoods.com/2010/01/templars-inc-984/.• Prisoners in Bastille. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/rschwart/hist255-
s01/mapping-paris/Paris_Bastile.html.• Woman in Bastille. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.aprayertoourfather.com/storming-the-
bastille/.