Proceedmqs of the 7th Internationol WOI kuu) Conference on Stored-product Protectum - Volume 1

The community structure of insects on the stored traditionalChinese medicinal (TCM) materials in Shandong Province,China

Liu Guilm", Ye Baohua", LI Zhaohui", Zheng Fangqiang", Liang Xiaowerr , Liu Yongh2 and LIChangzheng!

Abstract

One hundred species of insects on the stored TraditionalChinese Medicinal (TCM) matenals belonging to 10 ordersand 43 farmhes were Identified m 20 regions of ShandongProvmce , China The commumty structure of msects on thestored TCM matenals m different regions was analysed,showing that the mam group m the commurutres wascoleopterous msects (72 species, makmg up 72% of thetotal number of species) and Then was Iepidopterous insects(9 species, accounting for 9% of the total number ofspecies) The number of coleopterous species m 20 regionsranges from -+ to 37, accountmg for 61 54 - 90 00% (80 72± 7 67%) The dominant species m different regionswere studied The results indicated that Sieqobucnipaniceum (L) PlOOIO interpunciella (Hubner) andSitoplulus zeanuus (Motschulsky) etc were the dominantspecies m the communitiesThe number of species and mdrviduals on the stored TCM

matenals peaked dunng July and August

Introduction

The Traditional Chmese Medicinal (TCM) matenals haveplayed an Important role m preventing and treating diseases,which are accepted and used by international society moreand more extensily at present Because the TCM matenalsare subject to attack by many kmds of pests dunng storage,more attention was paid to research on the pests on storedTCM matenals The authors made mvestIgatIon mto themsects m stored TCM matenals storehouses m ShandongProvmce from 1993 to 1996 The msect commumtystructure of 20 regIOnswas also analysed

I Department of Plant ProtectIOn, Shandong Agncultural Umverslty,Tamn 271018, Shangdong, Chma

2 Tamn Traditional Chmese Medlcmal Matenal StatIOn, Talan271001, Shalldong, Chma

Methods

Survey methods

Survey reqionsTwenty representitrve survey regions involved are

Yanzhou, Jmmg , Zhangdian , Omgdao , Dezhou, Yucheng,LaIWU, Rizhao, Bmzhou, Weifang , Zhucheng, LmYI,Liaocheng, Changqmg, Zaozhuang, Laiyang, Dongymg,Iman, Heze and Taian The msect commumty structure ofTaian TCM matenal station was studied in detail in atamporal sequenceSamplmg procedureFive quadrats were taken from each kmd of TCM

matenals One kilogram TCM matenal from each quadratwas examined by siftmg first and then dissecting thematenals The insects examined were identified and thenumber of species and their number of individuals per kgwere recorded

Data analysis

The dommant species m stored TCM matenals wereanalyzed by Berger-Parker's index (d)

d=N,Nt

N, the number of dorrunant speciesN, the total number of all species

Results and Analysis

The community structure of the insect on storedTCM materials III Shandong province (Table 1)

The mam group m the commumty of msect on storedTCM matenals was coleopterous msects (accountmg for72 0% ) , the next was lepldopterous msects (9 % )Hymenopterous, hemipterous and dipterous msects, etc asenemies of pests were lower m number of speCies, but theycould exert a eVident control effect on the pests So theseenemies played an Important part m stablltzmg the msectcommumty on stored TCM matenals

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Table 1 The species component of msect commumtv on stored TCM matenals III Shandong Province (ll}l)6)

Thysanura Coirodentia Dermapteia Hemiptera Coleoptera

The number of species 2 2 .3 72

percentage/ 'K ) 2 2 .3 72

Lepidoptera Diptera Hymenoptera Chelonethida Acanna

The number of species l} 1 2 2 5-percentagei % ) 9 2 2 2 5

The community structure of the insect on stored TCMmatenals from 20 regions IS seen III table 2 Table 2 showedthat the group component of msect commumty structure ot20 regions was smular Coleopterous insects were ranked

the first III each commumty (80 72 ± 7 67(/<,) Thefollowing was lepidopterous But because of the differencesIII stock of matenals III different storehouses and III controllevel, the results differed III each region For example,there was tew species m Dongying

The msect commumty structure of 20 regions

Table 2 The insect community structure of 20 regions III Shandong Province (1996)

Coleoptera Lepidoptera Hymenoptera Others Total

Region 5 ( , 5 G[ 5 e 5 (c 51.c .o

Iman 1.3 81 25 6 25 2 12 50 0 0 16

Dongying 4 tlO 00 20 00 0 0 0 0 5

Heze 17 85 00 2 10 00 5 00 0 0 20

Laiyang 7 70 00 2 20 00 0 0 10 00 10

Zaozhuang 8 61 54 4 .30 77 0 0 7 69 1.3

Changqmg 11 68 75 .3 Itl 75 6 25 6 25 16

Liaocheng 10 83 .3.3 i:l .33 0 0 tI .3.3 12

Lmyi 25 89 21 .3 57 2 7 14 0 0 28Zhucheng 9 90 00 0 () 0 0 10 00 10

Welfang 13 86 67 6 67 0 0 6 67 15

Binzhou 9 81 82 2 18 18 0 0 0 0 15

Riznao 13 86 67 6 67 0 0 6 67 15

Dezhou 16 88 89 5 56 5 56 0 0 18

Yucheng 9 90 00 10 DO 0 0 0 0 10

Jming 17 7727 2 9 09 2 9 09 4 55 11

Zhangdian 22 84 00 2 8 DO 4 00 4 00 25

Qmgdao 16 76 90 4 1l) 05 4 76 0 0 21

Laiwu 15 75 00 .3 15 00 1 10 00 0 0 20"-

Talan .37 77 08 .3 5 56 2 .3 71 6 11 12 48

Yanzhou 17 80 95 .3 14 28 4 76 0 0 21

5, 80 72±7 67 11 79 ± 7 47 3 64 ±.3 94 .3 76 ± 4 19

S the number of species 0'c percentage

110

Proceedmgs of the 7th Internaiumal Worhng Conference on Stored-product Protecium. - Volume 1

Dommant species of the insect communities onstored TCM material in Shandong Province

The dominance (d) of dominant species m thecommunities was calculated by Berger-Parker's mdex Thedominance of the first three dommant species III each regionwas listed m table 3 Table 3 showed that each region hadIts dorrunant species respectively StegobLUrn pomsceum(L ) was the Important dominant species III many regions( the maximum dommance was 0 5963), so It can dommate

the properties of the commumty to much extent Ploiuiuuerpumciella (Hubner) , 5ttophtlus zearnaw(Motschulsky) and Trioolium [erruinneum. Fabricius etcwas the dominant species m many regions Other dommantspecies were Carpophtlus dtmmtatus (Fabncms ) mZhangdian and Rizhao and G1,bbtumaequmoctmle Boieldieum Jman The differences m dominant species among regionsarose from kinds of TCM materials, their stocks and control

level etc

Table 3. The dommant species of the msect communities on stored TCM matenals from 20 Regions in Shandong Province(1996)

The firstd

The second The tlurd

region species d species d species

Yanzhou Lasuxlerma serncorne

Immg StegobLum pan weurn

Zhangdian Carpophtlusdunuluitus o 1098 Typhaea stercorea

o 1304o 0733o 1098o 1220 Plodw mierpunciella

o 2360 Rhuopertna domuuca 0 1491 Araecerus [asciculaius

o 5282 Trtbolium [erruqmeuni 0 1711 Siiophilnu: zeanwtS

Lmocheng PlodLamterpunctella 0 6053 SLtophtlus zeamaz-s

Changqmg Tnbohum ferrugweurn 0 1985 Plodw mterpunctella

Zaozhuang Necrobw rufwolllS 0 5614 PlodLamterpunctella

Lmyang Plodw mterpunctella

Dongymg Stegobmm pamceum

Jman GLbbLumaegumoctwle

Heze Mesanwrphus mlllger

Tamn Mesorlwrphus mlilger

o 1923 Cryptophzlus mteger

o 3077 Plodw mterpunctella

o 3140 Plodw mtel'pltnctella

o 6429 Ahasverus advena

o 3581 LasLodernw sel'rtcorne

Qmgdao Siiophilus zeanwtS 0 3333 Tribolium [erruqineuni 0 0769 Sttotroga cerealella 0 0769

Dezhou SLtophtlus zeamals 0 2316 StegoblUm paniceuni 0 2211 Ahasverus advena 0 1368

Yucheng Stegobwrn pamceum 0 4032 Plodw tntel'punctella 0 3978 Gtbbwm aegumoctmle 0 0806

Lmwu Stegoblum pamceum 0 5017 Plodw mterpunctella 0 1322 Ephestw cautella 0 1186

RJ.zhao Carpophtlus dwndmtus 0 3030 Typhaea stercol'ea 0 2576 Cal'todem ruflCollw 0 0909

Blnzhou Sttotroga cerealella 0 2941 TnbollUm ferrtlgmeurn 0 1765 Stegobmm pamceum 0 0882

Welfang Plodw mterpunctella 0 1935 Ahasverus advena 0 0968 Tnbolturn ferrtlgmeurn 0 0968

Zhucheng Stegobwm pamceum 0 5963 Tnbolwrn ferrtlgmeum 0 2569 Tenebraulesnzauntamcus 0 0367

LmYI Tenebrmdesnzazmtamcus 0 2349 SdophLlus zeanwtS 0 1745 StegobLum pamceurn 0 1611

d dommance mdex

DynamiCS of the insect community on stored TCMmaterials m temporal sequence

The msect commumty structure of Talan TCM matenalstatlOn was studIed from May, 1994 to May, 1995 (Table4) Table 4 showed that the mam group m dIfferent tIme m

o 0789 CryptophLlus mteger

o 1832 Glbbwm aegumoctwle

o 1228 Derrnestes frnchn

o 0526o 1756

o 0702o 1923 Carpophtlus dmtmwtus 0 1538

o 3077 SLtophLlus zeanwtS 0 1538

o 2397 TrLbohum ferrugmeum 0 1983

o 1378 Stegobwrn pamceum 0 0510

o 1220 Typhaea stercarea 0 1061

a year was coleopterous msects, accountmg for 50 - 100%of the total number of speCIes The number of speCIes andmdlVlduals peaked dunng July and August because of chmatefactors ThIS penod was the key bme to conserve the TeMmatenals So better measures must be adopted to control the

pests

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Proceedmgs of the 7th Internatwnal Workmg Conierenee on Stored-product Protectwn - Volume 1

Table 4. The msect community structure of Taian TCM matenal station m temporal sequence CMay, 16,1995)

Hymenoptera OthersS % S %

0 0 1 33 33

0 0 0 0

0 0 1 5 56

0 0 2 10 53

0 0 0 0

1 1111 0 0

1 9 09 0 0

0 0 1 6 67

0 0 0 0

1 10 00 1 10 00

1994 - May, 5,

TotalST3

4

18

19

18

9

11

15

10

10

Coleoptera Lepidoptera

Date S % S %

May 16,1994 2 66 67 0 0

June 2, 1994 2 50 00 2 50 00

July 1,1994 16 88 89 1 5 56

July 15,1994 16 84 21 1 5 26

Aug 16,1994 17 94 44 1 5 56

Sep 1, 1994 7 77 78 1 1111

Sep 19,1994 9 81 82 1 9 09

Oct 11,1994 13 86 67 1 6 67

Oct 27,1994 10 100 00 0 0

May 18,1995 6 60 00 2 20 00

S the number of species % percentage

Conclusion and Discussion

Coleopterous msects were the mam group m msectcommunities on stored TCM matenals m ShandongProvince, the next was lepidopterous msectsThe dommant species m Shandong was StegOblum

pamceum (L ), Plodui mterpunciella (Hubner) andSuophilu» Zeamais (Motschulsky) etcThe number of species and mdividuals peaked dunng July

and August m Taian Measures must be taken to control thepestsThe dommant species was determmed by Berger-Parker's

index, but this mdex only used the number of mdividuals andneglected the mdividual sizes of different species So somedommant species With small-Sized bodies, large number ofmdrviduals did little damage to TCM matenals Forexample, Carpophl1us dimuiuitus (FabnclUs) as a

dommant species m Zhangdian and Rizhao did not reflect thereal situation of the two msect commuruties So It IS

necessary to study further how to evaluate the dommantspecies reasonably

Referenecs

Liu Guilm and Deng Wangxi 1995 The Communitystructure of the stored Chmese medicmal matenal msectsEntomological Journal of East China, 4(1), 47-50Liu Guilm and Deng Wangxi 1996 The commumtyquantitative Characters of insects on the stored TCMmatenals Journal of Huazhong Agricultural Umversity , 15(4), 338 - 343Zhao Zlumo and Guo Yiquan 1990 Pnnciple and methods ofcommunity ecology Chongqmg Pubhshmg House ofScientifrc and Technical Documentation. 288p

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