the committee on radio frequencies of the u.s. …...the committee on radio frequencies of the u.s....
TRANSCRIPT
The Committee on Radio Frequencies of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences
Fourth School in Spectrum Management for Radio Astronomy
JAO, Santiago, Chile, 7-11 April 2014
David Lang, CORF Staff
2
U.S.
DEPARTMENT O F C O MMERCE
NATIO
NA
L TELEC
OM
MUN I C ATI O NS & INF O RM ATIO
N A
DM
INIS
TRA
TIO
N
MOB
ILE
(AER
ONAU
TICA
L TE
LEM
ETER
ING)
S)
5.68
5.73
5.90
5.95
6.2
6.52
5
6.68
56.
765
7.0
7.1
7.3
7.35
8.1
8.19
5
8.81
5
8.96
59.
040
9.4
9.5
9.9
9.99
510
.003
10.0
0510
.110
.15
11.1
7511
.275
11.4
11.6
11.6
5
12.0
512
.10
12.2
3
13.2
13.2
613
.36
13.4
113
.57
13.6
13.8
13.8
714
.014
.25
14.3
5
14.9
9015
.005
15.0
1015
.10
15.6
15.8
16.3
6
17.4
117
.48
17.5
5
17.9
17.9
718
.03
18.0
6818
.168
18.7
818
.919
.02
19.6
819
.80
19.9
9019
.995
20.0
0520
.010
21.0
21.4
521
.85
21.9
2422
.0
22.8
5523
.023
.223
.35
24.8
924
.99
25.0
0525
.01
25.0
725
.21
25.3
325
.55
25.6
726
.126
.175
26.4
826
.95
26.9
627
.23
27.4
127
.54
28.0
29.7
29.8
29.8
929
.91
30.0
UNITEDSTATES
THE RADIO SPECTRUM
NON-GOVERNMENT EXCLUSIVE
GOVERNMENT/ NON-GOVERNMENT SHAREDGOVERNMENT EXCLUSIVE
RADIO SERVICES COLOR LEGEND
ACTIVITY CODE
NOT ALLOCATED RADIONAVIGATION FIXED
MARITIME MOBILEFIXED
MARITIME MOBILE
FIXED
MARITIME MOBILE
Radiolocation RADIONAVIGATION
FIXED
MARITIMEMOBILE
Radiolocation
FIXED
MARITIMEMOBILE FIXED
MARITIMEMOBILE
AERONAUTICALRADIONAVIGATION
AERO
NAUT
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RADI
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ation
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N(R
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3 9 14 19.9
5
20.0
5
30 30 59 61 70 90 110
130
160
190
200
275
285
300
3 kHz 300 kHz
300 kHz 3 MHz
3 MHz 30 MHz
30 MHz 300 MHz
3 GHz
300 GHz
300 MHz
3 GHz
30 GHz
AeronauticalRadionavigation(Radio Beacons)
MARITIMERADIONAVIGATION(RADIO BEACONS)
Aero
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Radio
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ation
(Rad
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s)
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IGAT
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(RAD
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AERONAUTICALRADIONAVIGATION(RADIO BEACONS)
AeronauticalMobile
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obile
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AER
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RADIO-NAVIGATION
Radio-location
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RADIOASTRONOMY
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MO
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RADIO-LOCATION
INTER-SATELLITE
Radio-location
MOBILE
MOBILESATELLITE
RADIO-NAVIGATION
RADIO-NAVIGATIONSATELLITE
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AMAT
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SATE
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RADIO-ASTRONOMY
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(E-S)
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3.0
3.02
5
3.15
5
3.23
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3.4
3.5
4.0
4.06
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4.43
8
4.65
4.7
4.75
4.85
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55.
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5.00
55.
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5.45
MARITIMEMOBILE
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Mobile
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FIXE
DMO
BILE
FIXE
DSA
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(E-S
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FIXE
DSA
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(E-S
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) AERO
NAUT
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RAD
IONA
VIGA
TION
EART
HEX
PL. S
AT.
(Pas
sive)
300
325
335
405
415
435
495
505
510
525
535
1605
1615
1705
1800
1900
2000
2065
2107
2170
2173
.521
90.5
2194
2495
2501
2502
2505
2850
3000
RADIO-LOCATION
BROA
DCAS
TING
FIXED
MOBILE
AMAT
EUR
RADI
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ATIO
N
MOBI
LEFI
XED
MARI
TIME
MOBI
LE
MARI
TIME
MOB
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ELEP
HONY
)
MARI
TIME
MOBI
LELA
NDMO
BILE
MOBI
LEFIX
ED
30.0
30.5
6
32.0
33.0
34.0
35.0
36.0
37.0
37.5
38.0
38.2
5
39.0
40.0
42.0
43.6
9
46.6
47.0
49.6
50.0
54.0
72.0
73.0
74.6
74.8
75.2
75.4
76.0
88.0
108.
0
117.
975
121.
9375
123.
0875
123.
5875
128.
8125
132.
0125
136.
013
7.0
137.
025
137.
175
137.
825
138.
0
144.
014
6.0
148.
014
9.9
150.
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0.8
152.
855
154.
015
6.24
7515
7.03
7515
7.18
7515
7.45
161.
575
161.
625
161.
775
162.
0125
173.
217
3.4
174.
0
216.
0
220.
022
2.0
225.
0
235.
0
300
ISM – 6.78 ± .015 MHz ISM – 13.560 ± .007 MHz ISM – 27.12 ± .163 MHz
ISM – 40.68 ± .02 MHz
ISM – 24.125 ± 0.125 GHz 30 GHz
ISM – 245.0 ± 1GHzISM – 122.5 ± .500 GHzISM – 61.25 ± .250 GHz
300.
0
322.
0
328.
6
335.
4
399.
9
400.
0540
0.15
401.
0
402.
0
403.
040
6.0
406.
1
410.
0
420.
0
450.
045
4.0
455.
045
6.0
460.
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2.537
546
2.737
546
7.537
546
7.737
547
0.0
512.
0
608.
061
4.0
698
746
764
776
794
806
821
824
849
851
866
869
894
896
9019
0190
2
928
929
930
931
932
935
940
941
944
960
1215
1240
1300
1350
1390
1392
1395
2000
2020
2025
2110
2155
2160
2180
2200
2290
2300
2305
2310
2320
2345
2360
2385
2390
2400
2417
2450
2483
.525
0026
5526
9027
00
2900
3000
1400
1427
1429
.5
1430
1432
1435
1525
1530
1535
1544
1545
1549
.5
1558
.515
5916
1016
10.6
1613
.816
26.5
1660
1660
.516
68.4
1670
1675
1700
1710
1755
1850
MARIT
IME
MOBIL
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TELL
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)MO
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SATE
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3.0
3.1
3.3
3.5
3.6
3.65
3.7
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.8
4.94
4.99
5.0
5.15
5.25
5.35
5.46
5.47
5.6
5.65
5.83
5.85
5.92
5
6.42
5
6.52
5
6.70
6.87
5
7.02
57.
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7.12
5
7.19
7.23
57.
25
7.30
7.45
7.55
7.75
7.90
8.02
5
8.17
5
8.21
5
8.4
8.45
8.5
9.0
9.2
9.3
9.5
10.0
10.4
510
.510
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10.6
10.6
8
10.7
11.7
12.2
12.7
12.7
5
13.2
513
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13.7
514
.0
14.2
14.4
14.4
714
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5
15.3
5
15.4
15.4
3
15.6
315
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.1
17.2
17.3
17.7
17.8
18.3
18.6
18.8
19.3
19.7
20.1
20.2
21.2
21.4
22.0
22.2
122
.5
22.5
5
23.5
5
23.6
24.0
24.0
5
24.2
524
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24.6
5
24.7
5
25.0
5
25.2
525
.527
.0
27.5
29.5
29.9
30.0
ISM – 2450.0 ± 50 MHz
30.0
31.0
31.3
31.8
32.0
32.3
33.0
33.4
36.0
37.0
37.6
38.0
38.6
39.5
40.0
40.5
41.0
42.5
43.5
45.5
46.9
47.0
47.2
48.2
50.2
50.4
51.4
52.6
54.2
555
.78
56.9
57.0
58.2
59.0
59.3
64.0
65.0
66.0
71.0
74.0
75.5
76.0
77.0
77.5
78.0
81.0
84.0
86.0
92.0
95.0
100.
0
102.
0
105.
0
116.
0
119.
98
120.
02
126.
0
134.
0
142.
014
4.0
149.
0
150.
0
151.
0
164.
0
168.
0
170.
0
174.
5
176.
5
182.
0
185.
0
190.
0
200.
0
202.
0
217.
0
231.
0
235.
0
238.
0
241.
0
248.
0
250.
0
252.
0
265.
0
275.
0
300.
0
ISM – 5.8 ± .075 GHz
ISM – 915.0 ± 13 MHz
INTE
R-SA
TELL
ITERA
DIOLO
CATIO
NSA
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AERO
NAUT
ICAL
RADI
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.
PLEASE NOTE: THE SPACING ALLOTTED THE SERVICES IN THE SPEC-TRUM SEGMENTS SHOWN IS NOT PROPORTIONAL TO THE ACTUAL AMOUNTOF SPECTRUM OCCUPIED.
AERONAUTICALMOBILE
AERONAUTICALMOBILE SATELLITE
AERONAUTICALRADIONAVIGATION
AMATEUR
AMATEUR SATELLITE
BROADCASTING
BROADCASTINGSATELLITE
EARTH EXPLORATIONSATELLITE
FIXED
FIXED SATELLITE
INTER-SATELLITE
LAND MOBILE
LAND MOBILESATELLITE
MARITIME MOBILE
MARITIME MOBILESATELLITE
MARITIMERADIONAVIGATION
METEOROLOGICALAIDS
METEOROLOGICALSATELLITE
MOBILE
MOBILE SATELLITE
RADIO ASTRONOMY
RADIODETERMINATIONSATELLITE
RADIOLOCATION
RADIOLOCATION SATELLITE
RADIONAVIGATION
RADIONAVIGATIONSATELLITE
SPACE OPERATION
SPACE RESEARCH
STANDARD FREQUENCYAND TIME SIGNAL
STANDARD FREQUENCYAND TIME SIGNAL SATELLITE
RADI
O AS
TRON
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FIXED
MARITIME MOBILE
FIXED
MARITIMEMOBILE Aeronautical
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FRE
Q. A
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ALLOCATION USAGE DESIGNATIONSERVICE EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
Primary FIXED Capital LettersSecondary Mobi le 1st Capital with lower case letters
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCENational Telecommunications and Information AdministrationOffice of Spectrum Management
October 2003
MOBI
LEBR
OADC
ASTI
NG
TRAVELERS INFORMATION STATIONS (G) AT 1610 kHz
59-64 GHz IS DESIGNATED FORUNLICENSED DEVICES
Fixed
AER
ON
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CAL
RAD
ION
AVIG
ATIO
N
SPAC
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SEAR
CH (P
assiv
e)
* EXCEPT AERO MOBILE (R)
** EXCEPT AERO MOBILE WAVELENGTH
BANDDESIGNATIONS
ACTIVITIES
FREQUENCY
3 x 107m 3 x 106m 3 x 105m 30,000 m 3,000 m 300 m 30 m 3 m 30 cm 3 cm 0.3 cm 0.03 cm 3 x 105Å 3 x 104Å 3 x 103Å 3 x 102Å 3 x 10Å 3Å 3 x 10-1Å 3 x 10-2Å 3 x 10-3Å 3 x 10-4Å 3 x 10-5Å 3 x 10-6Å 3 x 10-7Å
0 10 Hz 100 Hz 1 kHz 10 kHz 100 kHz 1 MHz 10 MHz 100 MHz 1 GHz 10 GHz 100 GHz 1 THz 1013Hz 1014Hz 1015Hz 1016Hz 1017Hz 1018Hz 1019Hz 1020Hz 1021Hz 1022Hz 1023Hz 1024Hz 1025Hz
THE RADIO SPECTRUMMAGNIFIED ABOVE3 kHz 300 GHz
VERY LOW FREQUENCY (VLF)Audible Range AM Broadcast FM Broadcast Radar Sub-Millimeter Visible Ultraviolet Gamma-ray Cosmic-ray
Infra-sonics Sonics Ultra-sonics Microwaves InfraredP L S XC Radar
Bands
LF MF HF VHF UHF SHF EHF INFRARED VISIBLE ULTRAVIOLET X-RAY GAMMA-RAY COSMIC-RAY
X-ray
ALLOCATIONSFREQUENCY
BR
OA
DC
AS
TIN
GFI
XE
DM
OB
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*
BR
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DC
AS
TIN
GFI
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FIXED
BROA
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FIXED
BROA
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BROA
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BROA
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S..
This chart is a graphic single-point-in-time portrayal of the Table of Frequency Allocations used by theFCC and NTIA. As such, it does not completely reflect all aspects, i.e., footnotes and recent changesmade to the Table of Frequency Allocations. Therefore, for complete information, users should consult theTable to determine the current status of U.S. allocations.
Why does CORF exist?
3
The U.S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) was established on March 3 1863 by Act of Congress, signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln in the midst of the United States Civil War.
The NAS was established to "investigate, examine, experiment, and report upon any subject of science or art" whenever called upon to do so by any department of the government.
4
NAS NAE IOM NRC
DEPS – Division of Engineering and Physical Sciences
BPA – Board on Physics and Astronomy
Committee on Radio Frequencies Other committees…
NAS Organizational Context
Responsibilities of The Committee on Radio Frequencies (CORF)
• Coordinates the views of U.S. radio astronomers and Earth remote sensing researchers to represent their interests
• Manages radio-frequency requirements for scientific use and interference protection by filing comments in public proceedings of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the National Telecommunications and Information Association (NTIA)
• Conducts report-writing and outreach activities
Supported by NASA and NSF. Established in 1961.
6
Where CORF fits into the Broader Context (RAS)
INTERNATIONALTELECOMMUNICATION
UNION (ITU)
WORLDRADIOCOMMUNICATION
CONFERENCE(WRC)
RADIOCOMMUNICATIONSECTOR
STUDY GROUPS
STUDY GROUP 7SCIENCE
SERVICES
INTERNATIONALUNION OF
RADIO SCIENCE(URSI)
COMMITTEEON SPACERESEARCH(COSPAR)
SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON FREQUENCY ALLOCATIONS FOR
RADIO ASTRONOMY AND SPACE SCIENCE(IUCAF)
STATEDEPARTMENT
U.S. RADIO-COMMUNICATIONSTUDY GROUPS
U.S. STUDYGROUP 7
US WP 7DRADIOAST.
NATIONAL SCIENCE
FOUNDATION(NSF)
ELECTRO-MAGNETICSPECTRUMMANAGER
NATIONALTELECOMMUNICATIONS
AND INFORMATIONADMINISTRATION
(NTIA)
INTERDEPART-MENT RADIOADVISORY
COMMITTEE(IRAC)
FEDERALCOMMUNICATIONS
COMMISSION(FCC)
NATIONAL ACADEMYOF SCIENCES
(NAS)
COMMITTEEON RADIO
FREQUENCIES(CORF)
RADIO ASTRON.EARTH SCIENCE
U.S.ASTRONOMERS
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ORGANIZATIONS
INTERNATIONALRADIO
REGULATIONS
STUDIESAND
RECOMMEND.
U.S. GOVTFREQ. ALLOCATIONSAND ASSIGNMENTS
U.S. NON-GOVTALLOCATIONSASSIGNMENTS
LICENSES
INTERNATIONAL AND U.S.SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT,
AS IT AFFECTS RADIO ASTRONOMY
MANAGEMENT STRUCTUREINFORMATION FLOWDELEGATIONS
INTERNATIONALASTRONOMICAL
UNION(IAU)
Committee Members David DeBoer, UC-Berkeley, Chair Jasmeet Judge, U. Florida, Vice-Chair
William Blackwell, MIT Lincoln Lab Sandra Cruz-Pol, U. Puerto Rico-Mayaguez
Todd Gaier, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Kenneth Kellermann, NRAO Amy Lovell, Agnes Scott College David LeVine, NASA-Goddard Timothy Pearson, Caltech
Paul Siqueira, U. Massachusetts, Amherst Gregory Taylor, U. of New Mexico Tom Wilson, NRL Liese van Zee, Indiana U.
Consultants Darrell Emerson, retired Paul Feldman, Esq., Fletcher, Heald and
Hildreth Michael Davis, retired Staff David B. Lang, Senior Program Officer James Lancaster, Director, Board on
Physics and Astronomy Linda Walker, Administrative Coordinator
CORF’s Membership
– Aug 26, 2013. 14.0-14.5 GHz. Broadband on planes. – May 7, 2013. WRC-2007 Implementation. – Jan 25, 2013. Spectrum auctions and 608-614 MHz. – Oct 1, 2012. Public safety in ~700-800 MHz – Jul 25, 2012. DACA technologies. – Jul 16, 2012. 14.0-14.5 GHz for air-ground comms. – May 23, 2012. 5.925-7.250, 24.05-29.00,75-85 GHz for
tank level radars. – Feb 27, 2012. 78-81 GHz for airport FOD radars.
– All filings are available on CORF’s webpage at http://sites.nationalacademies.org/BPA/BPA_048830
Recent Filings with the FCC
Dennis Patrick
Alfred Sikes
Reed Hundt
William Kennard
Michael Powell
Kevin Martin
Julius Genachowski
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
CORF Filings with the FCC by Year: 1985-2013
Tom Wheeler
10
“The CORF Handbook” Handbook on Frequency Allocations and Spectrum Protections for Scientific Uses (2007) • A resource for scientists,
engineers, and spectrum managers.
• Detailed information including a description of regulatory bodies and issues, a discussion of the relevant scientific background, a list of science spectrum allocations in the United States, and an analysis of spectrum protection issues for RAS and EESS.
11
Spectrum Management for Science in the 21st Century (2009)
– Addresses the tension between the active commercial services' demand for greater spectrum use and the passive users' need for quiet spectrum
– Recommendations provide a pathway for putting in place the regulatory mechanisms and associated supporting research activities necessary to meet the demands of both users
• CORF provided input to the U.S.Government on Agenda Items at issue at the WRC-15
• Comments on agenda items with potential impact to RAS and EESS services
12
CORF Views on WRC-2015 (2013)
• A new study committee led by Fawwaz Ulaby (U. Michigan) is conducting a study of the active scientific use of the spectrum similar to Spectrum Management for Science in the 21st Century.
• Supported by NASA. To be completed released by the end of the year.
13
A Survey of the Active Scientific Use of the Radio Spectrum
14
Current & Future CORF Activities
– Meets in-person twice per year. Periodic teleconferences.
– Update CORF Handbook.
– Complete Active Sensing Study.
– Begin Views on WRC-2019.
15
International CORF Activities
– Symposium in August 2009 in Santiago, Chile.
– Symposium in Puebla, Mexico, in 2015?
– Invites spectrum managers from around the world to provide updates at meetings.
– CORF consultant attends WP7D meetings and reports back.
