the cold war. what is more important? equality freedom should we all share the same grade? should...
TRANSCRIPT
THE COLD WAR
What is More Important?
• Equality
• Freedom
• Should we all share the same grade?
• Should all students be given different grades?
The Scene
• Following WWII, the world needed to be rebuilt.
• The two nations that performed this task were the United States and the Soviet Union.
• They became known as the two SUPERPOWERS.
TWO NATIONS
United States:
Political System: Democracy
Economic System: Free Enterprise, Market, Capitalist.
Soviet Union
Political System: Single Party Rule
Economic System: Communism
COMMUNIST THREAT ABROAD
• Iron Curtain: This phrase referred to the division between Democratic West Europe and Communist East Europe.
Soviet Aggression
• East Europe: Countries were forced to have Communist governments by the USSR.
• Turkey and Greece: The Soviet Union threatened to force Turkey and Greece into Communism.
Truman Doctrine
• Truman Doctrine: Truman declared that the United States would support any nation resisting a Communist takeover.
• Containment: The belief that Communism should be contained and not allowed to spread.
Rival Plans
• Marshall Plan: This gave money to nations in Europe to rebuild their economies. Over 13 billion dollars in aid was provided.
• Molotov Plan: The Soviet plan to help Eastern European nations recover.
Rival Teams
• NATO: (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) An Alliance between Western democracies to protect against and attack from the Soviet Union.
• Warsaw Pact: An Alliance between Communist Eastern European countries designed for protection.
Berlin Trouble
• Berlin Blockade: In June 1948 the Soviet Union cut off access to West Berlin.
• Berlin Airlift: The US airlifted 2.5 millions tons of supplies into Berlin to keep the city functioning.
• Berlin Wall: In 1961 the East German Army built a wall separating East and West Berlin.
• http://www.history.com/videos/berlin-wall-deconstructed#berlin-wall-deconstructed
Cracking the Whip
• Feb. 1948: Czechoslovakia becomes Communist under threat of Soviet invasion.
• Oct. 1956: Hungary attempted to withdraw from the Warsaw Pact but the Soviet Union crushed the “rebellion”.
Asian Issues
• China: In 1949 Mao’s Communists took over China.
• Korean War: In 1950, Communist North Korea invaded South Korea.
• Ambush: The UN forces pushed the North up to the Chinese border where Chinese soldiers entered the fight.
• Stalemate: In 1953, both sides agreed to a cease-fire and the nation remains divided to this day.
• http://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/ushistory/koreanwar/
• http://www.history.com/topics/korean-war/videos#truman-sacks-general-macarthur
Red Scare
• Red Scare: During the 1950’s many in the government became worried about Soviet spies.
• McCarthyism: Term for the wild accusations of communists by Senator Eugene McCarthy.
What’s the Big Deal?
• Soviets Get the Bomb: In September 1949, the Soviet Union tested their own atomic bomb before it was thought possible.
• Sputnik: A Soviet satellite launched in 1957.
Arms Race
• Arms Race: Both nations sought to build up their nuclear arsenal to gain an advantage.
• Mutually Assured Destruction: The build-up of nuclear weapons meant war between the US and the USSR would destroy both nations.
Real Consequences
• Rosenberg Trial: Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were accused of stealing atomic secrets and sentenced to die.
• Soviet Spies: Many Soviet spies operated in the United States. The Communist Party was directly tied to the Soviet Union.
Legal Anti-Communism
• Taft-Hawley Act: This act limited the power of unions and outlawed “closed shops”.
• Other Laws: Many were forced to swear allegiance to the United States in order to keep their jobs.