The Civil WarPolitical Economic Military Social Intellectual

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Powers as both chief executive and commander in chief, often without the authorization or approval of Congress

Executive powers

Lincoln suspended this writ, which states that a person cannot be arrested without probable cause and must be informed of the charges against him and be given an opportunity to challenge them.

Habeas corpus

States bordering the North; Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri. They were slave states, but did not secede.

Border States

President of the Confederacy.

Jefferson Davis

1866- Supreme Court ruled that military trials of civilians were illegal unless the civil courts are inoperative or the region is under marshal law.

Ex Parte Milligan

The U.S. Treasury issued over $430 million in a paper currency. This paper money could not be redeemed in gold, a fact that contributed to the rising inflation.

Greenbacks

Raised tariff rates to increase revenue and protect American manufacturers. It’s passage initiated a Republican program of high protective tariffs to help industrialists.

Morrill Tariff Act of 1861

Prompted settlement of the Great Plains by offering parcels of 160 acres of public land free to whatever person or family would farm that land for at least five years.

Homestead Act of 1862

Encouraged states to use the sale of federal land grants to maintain agricultural and technical colleges.

Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862

Authorized the building of a transcontinental railroad over a northern route in order to link the economies of California and the western territories with the eastern states.

Pacific Railway Act of 1862

Site of the opening engagement of the Civil War. On December 20, 1860, South Carolina had seceded from the Union, and had demanded that all federal property in the state be surrendered to state authorities. Major Robert Aniston concentrated his unit at the site, and when Lincoln took office, this site was one of the only two forts in the South still under Union control.

Fort Sumter

Conceived the union strategy known as the Anaconda Plan that would be used to defeat the Confederacy. Known for his rifles.

Winfield Scott

Major general during the Civil War and the Democratic party candidate for president in 1864. He organized the famous Army of the Potomac and served briefly from 1861 to 1862 as the generation - chief of the Union army.

George McClellan

90,000 soldiers under Meade vs. 76,000 under Lee, lasted for three days. The Union won the battle and pushed Lee’s army south.

Battle of Gettysburg

Lee surrendered to Grant at this court house; the final engagement of the Confederate States Army General Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia before it surrendered to the Union Army under General Ulysses S. Grant.

Appomattox Court House

An act or instance of rising in revolt, rebellion, or resistance against civil authority or an established government.

Insurrection

An actor, he planned with others for six months to abduct Lincoln at the start of the war, but they were foiled when Lincoln didn’t arrive at the scheduled place. On April 14, 1865, he shot Lincoln at Ford’s theater and cried “Sie Semper Tyrannis” (Thus always to tyrants!”).

John Wilkes Booth

September 22, 1862- Lincoln freed all slaves in the states that had seceded, after the Northern victory at the Battle of Antietam. Lincoln had no power to enforce the law.

Emancipation Proclamation

The Confederates believed that they were fighting this revolution by attempting to secede from the United States during the American Civil War.

Second American Revolution

The doctrine that stated that the people of a territory had the right to decide their own laws by voting. In the Kansas-Nebraska Act, this doctrine would decide whether a territory allowed slavery.

Popular sovereignty

Writer from North Carolina, spoke for the poor, non-slave-owning whites in his 1857 book ( The Impending Crisis of the South) which had a violent attack on slavery.

Hinton R. Helper

The most influential propagandist in the decade before the Civil War. In his Sociology of the South (1854), he said that the capitalism of the North was a failure. In another writing he argued that slavery was justified when compared to the cannibalistic approach of capitalism. Tried to justify slavery.

George Fitzhugh

Party formed in 1847-1848, dedicated to opposing slavery in newly acquired territories such as Oregon and ceded Mexican territories

Free-Soil party

An affair in which a Union frigate stopped a British ship and abducted two Confederate ambassadors aboard the ship.

Trent Affair

Final Jeopardy Topic

What was the name of the local Hazleton regiment at the Battle of Gettysburg?

159th Hazleton regiment