THE CIVIL WAR

IN PICTURES

The Causes

• The North and South disagreed on many issues:– Slavery– Taxes– States Rights

11 States Secede

• South Carolina was the first state to break away from the USA.

• After SC, 10 more southern states broke away to form the Confederate States of America

• Confederate soldiers were recognized by their gray uniforms and hats.

The Union

• The Northern states stayed true to America. These states were called the Union states.

• The Union states wanted to end slavery and increase taxes on imported goods.

• Union soldiers were recognized by their blue uniforms and hats.

Jefferson Davis

• President of the Confederate States

• Was a senator from Mississippi

• Was born in a log cabin and raised on a plantation

Abraham Lincoln

• President of the United States (Union)

• Was born in a log cabin and raised on a farm

• Attended school for one year- educated himself

• Became a lawyer and politician

The Civil War Begins

• The first shots are fired at Fort Sumter in South Carolina… the Confederates win the first battle.

The Confederacy at a Disadvantage

• The North, or Union, had more:– States– People– Soldiers– Factories– Railroad– Money

The Union Plan

• Create a blockade that would keep supplies and people out

• Capture land near the Mississippi

• Anaconda Plan: Attack from east to west and squeeze

Battles

• Bull Run: Stonewall Jackson tells his Confederates to stand and fight…Union army retreats…win for the South.

• Antietam: The Northern army wins, and England leaves Southerners to fight alone.

Generals

• Confederate:

Robert E Lee

• Union:

Ulysses S Grant

War Technology

• Rifles• Submarines:

H.L.Hunley: A Confederate submarine that sank off the coast of Charleston, SC- was raised in 2000.

• Hand grenades• Iron-covered ships

The Emancipation Proclamation

• January 1, 1863• Issued by President

Lincoln• A statement that

ended all slavery in the Confederate states at war with the Union…not those in the West or North

The Battle That Decided the War

• Gettysburg (Pennsylvania)• The farthest Northern battle…lasted for 3 days• Northern army wins!• 23,000 Union soldiers dies…28,000 Confederate

soldiers died.

Sherman’s Total War

• Union General Sherman declared a total war (a war not just fighting the soldiers, but all the people’s will) on the South.

• As he marched through the South, Sherman ordered his men to burn down the cities they captured.

• Sherman’s “March to the Sea” costs $100 million in damages.

The Union Wins!

• The Northern army controlled Southern lands, essentially cutting the South in half.

• The blockade was causing a forced starvation for the Confederate people, who stooped to eating just rats and bread.

• General Lee finally surrenders to General Grant…putting an end to the most destructive war in US history.