The Civil Rights Movement

An Introduction

The Long Movement

What are civil rights?

Slavery was abolished following the Civil War. Why did discrimination against African Americans still persist?

Reconstruction AmendmentsRead the 13th, 14th and

15th Amendments (pp.102-104, green)

Whose rights are expanded? How?

These do not resolve the issue of societal prejudice.

Jim Crow Laws Examples…

Pool and Billiard Rooms:  It shall be unlawful for a negro and white person to play together or in company with each other at any game of pool or billiards.

  Children Playing: It shall be

unlawful for negro and white children to play together whether in public or private.

 

Plessy v. Ferguson-separate but equal

-the segregation of cars does not conflict with the 13th Amend.

-14th Amendment cannot be seen to abolish differences between races.

-Separate facilities for the races are appropriate and legal as long as they are equal.

What was the issue in Plessy v. Ferguson?◦LA law required rail companies to separate the races

Court’s justification…

Life for African Americans

Review the following Eras (green Americans)

Gilded Age: Pp. 309-311

Progressive Era: Pp. 346-347

World War I: Pp. 414-415

1920s: Pp. 470-471WWII: Pp. 598-599

What evidence was there of discrimination?

Were there advances made toward equality? Explain.

Integration = Confrontation

Dr. & Mrs Clark's Doll Tests…..

What happened in the 55 years after the Plessy decision?

Brown v. BoardDecision:-separate is NOT equal

-effects of segregation

-feelings of inferiority

-separation of races increases animosity and suspicion

-separate education facilities perpetuates discrimination and perceptions of inferiority

What problems resulted in the case?

Explain “separate but equal”.

What events had occurred between 1896 and 1954 related to race relations?

Text Check-inFrom pp. 700-716

If “civil disobedience” is a sit-in and “direct action” includes sit-ins but could also be a black family moving into a white neighborhood….

How did the Montgomery Bus Boycotts work?

1963

Integration/Desegregation-Bussing-Changing schools-Whites move kids to private schools

Obstacles-Local groups-Intimidation-Protests-News articles

-the decision in Brown BEGINS the movement as large groups of people are provoked to action by disillusionment.

Testing Brown v. Board: 1957

What Happened…◦NAACP enrolled

students◦Little Rock Nine◦Arkansas Nat’l Guard◦Eisenhower◦Tortured Year

Other Consequential Events

6/ 1958: Birmingham Church Bombing

8/1958: Oklahoma City Sit-in