The Circulatory SystemThe Circulatory System

Amazing Heart FactsAmazing Heart Facts1. Your heart is about the same size as your fist.

2. An average adult body contains about five quarts of blood.

3. All the blood vessels in the body joined end to end would stretch 62,000 miles or two and a half times around the earth.

4. The heart circulates the body's blood supply about 1,000 times each day.

5. The heart pumps the equivalent of 5,000 to 6,000 quarts of blood each day

1. Your heart is about the same size as your fist.

2. An average adult body contains about five quarts of blood.

3. All the blood vessels in the body joined end to end would stretch 62,000 miles or two and a half times around the earth.

4. The heart circulates the body's blood supply about 1,000 times each day.

5. The heart pumps the equivalent of 5,000 to 6,000 quarts of blood each day

The job of the

circulatory system

The job of the

circulatory system

The job of the circulatory system

The job of the circulatory system

• is to move the oxygen out to the body, have the cell take that oxygen and then take the blood back up to the lungs to get more oxygen.

• Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to every cell of the body, carries away waste products, and plays a central role in the body's defense against intruders.

• is to move the oxygen out to the body, have the cell take that oxygen and then take the blood back up to the lungs to get more oxygen.

• Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to every cell of the body, carries away waste products, and plays a central role in the body's defense against intruders.

The body's circulatory

system really has 3 distinct

parts:

The body's circulatory

system really has 3 distinct

parts:

Circulatory Breakdown:Circulatory Breakdown:

• 1. Pulmonary circulation, circulation through the lungs, where blood goes from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart, is when the blood exchanges carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen. The blood then returns to the left side of the heart, which pumps it out to the rest of the body.

• 2. Systemic Circulation: What occurs here is the flow of the blood from the heart to the rest of the body and back to the heart.

• 1. Pulmonary circulation, circulation through the lungs, where blood goes from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart, is when the blood exchanges carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen. The blood then returns to the left side of the heart, which pumps it out to the rest of the body.

• 2. Systemic Circulation: What occurs here is the flow of the blood from the heart to the rest of the body and back to the heart.

Circulatory Breakdown:Circulatory Breakdown:

• 3. Coronary Circulation: Like any other organ, the heart itself needs blood to supply it with nourishment and carry away wastes.

• The movement of blood through the capillaries of the heart for these purposes is called coronary circulation.

• BrainPop: the circulatory system

• 3. Coronary Circulation: Like any other organ, the heart itself needs blood to supply it with nourishment and carry away wastes.

• The movement of blood through the capillaries of the heart for these purposes is called coronary circulation.

• BrainPop: the circulatory system

The HeartThe Heart

• The heart which is a hollow muscle is charge of pumping the blood.

• It is about the size of your fist.

• It is located slightly to the left of the center of your chest.

• The heart which is a hollow muscle is charge of pumping the blood.

• It is about the size of your fist.

• It is located slightly to the left of the center of your chest.

The Heart in detail: The Heart in detail: • The heart is basically shaped like a 4 pained

window.

• There is a right side, and a left side.

• There is a top half and a bottom half.

• Each side has specific responsibilities and works with specific types of blood.

• The heart is basically shaped like a 4 pained window.

• There is a right side, and a left side.

• There is a top half and a bottom half.

• Each side has specific responsibilities and works with specific types of blood.

Right Atrium Left Atrium

Right Ventricle Left Ventricle

The HeartThe HeartThe right upper (right atrium) receives blood from the body.

The right lower (right ventricle) pumps blood to the lungs.

The left upper (left atrium) receives blood from the lungs.

The left lower (left ventricle) pumps blood to the rest of the body.

The two halves of the heart are separated by a membrane called the septum.

This wall prevents the flow of blood between the two atria or the two ventricles.

The right upper (right atrium) receives blood from the body.

The right lower (right ventricle) pumps blood to the lungs.

The left upper (left atrium) receives blood from the lungs.

The left lower (left ventricle) pumps blood to the rest of the body.

The two halves of the heart are separated by a membrane called the septum.

This wall prevents the flow of blood between the two atria or the two ventricles.

BrainPopBrainPop

• Brainpop: The Heart• Brainpop: The Heart

The heart is set up like a football team. The heart is set up like a football team. • You have receivers, quarterbacks

(who push the blood) and running backs.

• The atriums RECEIVE the blood.• The ventricles PUMP the blood out

to specific parts of the body and• the veins and arteries are the

running backs who carry the blood to where it needs to go.

• Veins carry DEOXYGENATED blood.

• They carry blood TO the heart .• The primary blood vessels that carry

the blood are called the upper and lower VENA CAVAS

• You have receivers, quarterbacks (who push the blood) and running backs.

• The atriums RECEIVE the blood.• The ventricles PUMP the blood out

to specific parts of the body and• the veins and arteries are the

running backs who carry the blood to where it needs to go.

• Veins carry DEOXYGENATED blood.

• They carry blood TO the heart .• The primary blood vessels that carry

the blood are called the upper and lower VENA CAVAS

The Vena Cavas….The Vena Cavas….• One carries blood from the head

region to the heart, the other carries blood from the body to the heart.

• This blood is designated as a blue color to show that it is LACKING oxygen “deoxygenated”

• Once the blood gets to the heart it is RECEIVED by the right atrium.

• The right atrium then allows the blood to go through a one-way valve to the right ventricle.

• Once in the right ventricle it is this “quarterback’s job “ to push (or pump) the blood out to the lungs.

• The blood is pushed out to the lungs by the right ventricle

• One carries blood from the head region to the heart, the other carries blood from the body to the heart.

• This blood is designated as a blue color to show that it is LACKING oxygen “deoxygenated”

• Once the blood gets to the heart it is RECEIVED by the right atrium.

• The right atrium then allows the blood to go through a one-way valve to the right ventricle.

• Once in the right ventricle it is this “quarterback’s job “ to push (or pump) the blood out to the lungs.

• The blood is pushed out to the lungs by the right ventricle

• It is carried to the LUNGS by the PULMONARY ARTERY.

• This is a rule breaker Number 1.

• What vessels carry what type of blood?

• Veins carry DEOXYGENATED blood to the heart and

• ARTERIES carry OXYGENATED blood away from the heart to the body.

• It is carried to the LUNGS by the PULMONARY ARTERY.

• This is a rule breaker Number 1.

• What vessels carry what type of blood?

• Veins carry DEOXYGENATED blood to the heart and

• ARTERIES carry OXYGENATED blood away from the heart to the body.

• But what type of blood do we have here??? Deoxygenated blood is being carried in an artery... on it’s way to the lungs.

• Once it gets to the lungs, what’s going to happen??? The blood is going to get oxygenated. It’s going to become rich with oxygen. This is the blood that has to go out to the body. This is the blood that the body needs. This is the “red” blood of life.

• The blood gets oxygen, becomes oxygenated and then heads back to the heart. It is carried to the heart by what kind of vessel??

• What kind of vessels carry blood to the heart?? VEINS do. This is rule breaker Number 2.

• But what type of blood do we have here??? Deoxygenated blood is being carried in an artery... on it’s way to the lungs.

• Once it gets to the lungs, what’s going to happen??? The blood is going to get oxygenated. It’s going to become rich with oxygen. This is the blood that has to go out to the body. This is the blood that the body needs. This is the “red” blood of life.

• The blood gets oxygen, becomes oxygenated and then heads back to the heart. It is carried to the heart by what kind of vessel??

• What kind of vessels carry blood to the heart?? VEINS do. This is rule breaker Number 2.

• The PULMONARY VEIN carries OXYGENATED blood back to the heart.

• This oxygenated blood is received in the LEFT ATRIUM. (remember the atriums as receivers.) It then goes through another one way valve to the LEFT VENTRICLE. If you look at a heart it is this side which has the greatest amount of muscle- because of the quarter backing it must do!

• The LEFT VENTRICLE PUSHES the blood into the AORTA (which is the largest artery in the body).

• The AORTA then carries this OXYGEN rich blood out to the various parts of the body through the artery system.

• The PULMONARY VEIN carries OXYGENATED blood back to the heart.

• This oxygenated blood is received in the LEFT ATRIUM. (remember the atriums as receivers.) It then goes through another one way valve to the LEFT VENTRICLE. If you look at a heart it is this side which has the greatest amount of muscle- because of the quarter backing it must do!

• The LEFT VENTRICLE PUSHES the blood into the AORTA (which is the largest artery in the body).

• The AORTA then carries this OXYGEN rich blood out to the various parts of the body through the artery system.

Valve ReviewValve Review• Each chamber has a sort

of one-way valve at its exit that prevents blood from flowing backwards.

• When each chamber contracts, the valve at its exit opens.

• When it is finished contracting, the valve closes so that blood does not flow backwards.

• Each chamber has a sort of one-way valve at its exit that prevents blood from flowing backwards.

• When each chamber contracts, the valve at its exit opens.

• When it is finished contracting, the valve closes so that blood does not flow backwards.

Valve ReviewValve Review• The tricuspid valve

is at the exit of the right atrium.

• The pulmonary valve is at the exit of the right ventricle.

• The mitral valve is at the exit of the left atrium.

• The aortic valve is at the exit of the left

ventricle.

• The tricuspid valve is at the exit of the right atrium.

• The pulmonary valve is at the exit of the right ventricle.

• The mitral valve is at the exit of the left atrium.

• The aortic valve is at the exit of the left

ventricle.

Heart Review

BloodBlood• The blood is carried to

the individual cells by the capillary bridges where the oxygenated blood leaves its oxygen and then is bridged to the veins.

• The venous system works together and meets up with the VENA CAVA and back to the heart it goes, to start the circulatory circle of life again.

• The blood is carried to the individual cells by the capillary bridges where the oxygenated blood leaves its oxygen and then is bridged to the veins.

• The venous system works together and meets up with the VENA CAVA and back to the heart it goes, to start the circulatory circle of life again.

The heart pumps blood in two phases.

The heart pumps blood in two phases.

• a. systolic phase: the ventricles contract, pumping blood into the arteries.

• b. diastolic phase: or second phase, the ventricles relax and blood flows into them from the atria. These two phases of the heartbeat are measured when the blood pressure is taken..

• a. systolic phase: the ventricles contract, pumping blood into the arteries.

• b. diastolic phase: or second phase, the ventricles relax and blood flows into them from the atria. These two phases of the heartbeat are measured when the blood pressure is taken..

Blood Vessels of the Systemic Circulation

Blood Vessels of the Systemic Circulation

BloodBlood

Arteries & Arterioles - Arteries & Arterioles - • 1. Arteries - arteries -> carry blood from heart to tissues - thick layer

of smooth muscle - no exchange of gases • 2. Arterioles - arteries divide into smaller arterioles -> further branch

into microscopic capillaries arterioles play a key role in regulating blood flow fromarteries into capillaries - no exchange of gases

• 1. Arteries - arteries -> carry blood from heart to tissues - thick layer of smooth muscle - no exchange of gases

• 2. Arterioles - arteries divide into smaller arterioles -> further branch into microscopic capillaries arterioles play a key role in regulating blood flow fromarteries into capillaries - no exchange of gases

Blood Vessels of the Systemic CirculationBlood Vessels of the Systemic Circulation

3. Capillaries- microscopic in size; connect arterioles and venules          - site of exchange of gases, nutrients and wastes between blood and tissue cells         

3. Capillaries- microscopic in size; connect arterioles and venules          - site of exchange of gases, nutrients and wastes between blood and tissue cells         

Blood Vessels of the Systemic CirculationBlood Vessels of the Systemic Circulation4. Venules- capillaries unite to form small venules, which in turn

merge and form veins - no exchange of gases5. Veins - veins -> carry blood from tissues back to heart  - blood

volume in rest -> 60 %  - veins usually have valves, which prevent back flow of blood  -

compared to arteries, veins are thinner         - blood pressure in veins is considerably lower than in arteries

4. Venules- capillaries unite to form small venules, which in turn merge and form veins - no exchange of gases

5. Veins - veins -> carry blood from tissues back to heart  - blood volume in rest -> 60 % 

- veins usually have valves, which prevent back flow of blood  - compared to arteries, veins are thinner        

- blood pressure in veins is considerably lower than in arteries

Size ComparisonSize Comparison

VEINSVEINS• veins: transports

the blood to the heart this blood is lacking in oxygen. It is called deoxygenated blood

• and is typically coloredas blue (it’s actually a very deep deep red color)

• veins: transports the blood to the heart this blood is lacking in oxygen. It is called deoxygenated blood

• and is typically coloredas blue (it’s actually a very deep deep red color)

ARTERIESARTERIES

• arteries: this transports blood from the heart and is rich in oxygen. It is called oxygenated blood

and is typically colored as red.

• arteries: this transports blood from the heart and is rich in oxygen. It is called oxygenated blood

and is typically colored as red.

CAPILLARIESCAPILLARIES

• capillaries: These are the bridges between the arteries and the veins.

• Their jobs are to take the oxygenated blood directly to the cell, and then pick up the deoxygenated blood and carry it to the veins.

• capillaries: These are the bridges between the arteries and the veins.

• Their jobs are to take the oxygenated blood directly to the cell, and then pick up the deoxygenated blood and carry it to the veins.

Blood distribution Blood distribution

• - 60 %  insystemic veins and

venules • - 15 % in

systemic arteries and arterioles

• - 5 % in

systemic capillaries -

• - 60 %  insystemic veins and

venules • - 15 % in

systemic arteries and arterioles

• - 5 % in

systemic capillaries -