The Changing World of CollectionsSyracuse University Library

Scott Warren – Head of Collections March 26, 2013

Questions – what is a collection?

Are you building a collection for the future or for present-day research and teaching needs?

Is your collection sustainable?

Must you own it?

How do you track/discover it?

What does ‘access’ mean? just in case versus just in time

How long do you intend to manage it?

Constraints Money Space Mission Audience/patrons Time Fund restrictions CD policies Personnel

Competition

Journals

Article explosion

How do readers access articles? Library has subscription to journal from publisher (either as single title or

part of bundle) And reader is associated with institution

Aggregator leases rights to resell (includes journal and/or individual article; often/possibly with embargo). Library subscribes to aggregator And reader is associated with institution

open access (either via journal or repository)

Article is available for purchase

Article is available to rent

Individual has subscription to journal/membership in society provides access

How libraries provide articles

Libraries subscribe to individual titles

Libraries subscribe to publisher bundles Libraries subscribe to aggregator (no control)

Libraries add OA titles not requiring subscription

Libraries purchase articles one by one

Libraries host IRs (Institutional Repositories)

Libraries borrow (ILL)

Libraries publish journals

Libraries rent articles?!?

Online resource implications for libraries

Back end work – maintenance

Continuations are a high percentage of budget

Are backfiles needed? Subscriptions usually only go back to mid-90s.

 Long term preservation and ownership - insurance LOCKSS Portico Other archival methods (print storage)

Accessibility

But a deeper question is: do we want platforms, journals, or articles?

It’s complicatedEBSCO. E-Resource Lifecycle http://www.ebsco.com/home/ejournals/ejournallc.pdf

Information Business “Players”

Academic Information is a BUSINESS

The players:

Researchers Producing content

Publishers Packaging & Selling Access

Database (index/abstract) companies Selling Discovery

Libraries Buying/licensing Discovery & Access

Two more perspectives Funders: Governments – mandate OA (e.g. NIH)

The Law – online collections are licensed. Restrictions exist on what can and cannot be done, who can use, etc.

Rights associated with information Contract law Doctrine of First Sale Copyright

Strong implications for e-reserves, MOOCs, etc. Why proxying exists Shibboleth for Hathi Trust

Kirtsaeng v. Wiley http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2013/03/20/supreme-court-sides-against-textbook-publishers-resale-imported-works

Lots of people want library money money!

23%

77%

One-time vs. Continuing Expendi-tures FY 09-

10

One-time $1,497,107Continuing $4,896,830

Difference between disciplines

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

5%9% 10%

13%18% 20% 21% 22%

32%

38%41%

95%91% 90%

87%82% 80% 79% 78%

68%

62%59%

Discretionary budget %

Committed budget %

Free & Committed Budgets - FY 09-10

Consortial buying NERL WALDO

Maybe HUBNET?

The United States has several very large consortia.

Journal pricing and usage Sticker shock – prices are what the market bearshttp://www.library.ucsf.edu/help/scholpub/stickershock

Bundles? Core titles at list price – based on 10+ year old decisions Rest at substantial discount

What is a fair price?

Usage statistics (cost per use) Should pricing be based on usage?

Backfiles Older digitized content

Journals Books Other print content

Builds collections Oxford and Cambridge Springer mathematics NCCO, EIMA, etc.

Generally one-time purchases (5-6 figures)

Result is that a library can level the playing field historically by buying enough of these

Ebooks Rent packages Buy sets, including backfiles Purchase individually from publishers Purchase individually from aggregators

Ebrary, Ebsco Standing orders Patron-Driven acquisition – Ebrary

Hathi Trust – is this part of SU’s collection?!?

Buying/renting/discovering chapters?!?

Challenges of multiple platforms – or not?

Print books and journals Where does it all go?

Redundancy of print collections in archival storage? How many copies are enough?

What is the function of libraries? Solely content storage versus content

provision plus service provision plus teaching plus student space plus archival mission plus…

Other formats Music

Video – to stream or not to stream, that is the question

Data – getting our toes wet

Microforms – rarely purchased anymore Digital microfilm

Print newspapers (going, going….)

What about finding stuff? Web-scale discovery tool (SUMMON) Catalog (SUMMIT)

Databases/Indexes – Collections budget Indexing

Repositories Data Book citations

What level does discovery take place at? ReferenceUniverse as example

What level does access take place at? What level does licensing/purchasing take place at?

Big picture perspective Dan Hazen (Harvard)

Lost in the Cloud: Research Library Collections and Community in the Digital Age

Rick Anderson (University of Utah). His writing at the Scholarly Kitchen In particular the 2 Redefining the Library posts

Problem solving at multiple institution scale

Who shares space with libraries? Google GetItNow DeepDyve Amazon Wikipedia Mendeley …

Conclusions Just in time model increasingly important

Ebooks experiencing many of the same growing pains that journals did

Discovery changing

Licensing and rights are more and more important

But ownership perhaps not as important as it once was

Data is large unknown – biggest institutions at present

Joint problem solving at industry-scale

Questions? Scott Warren, sawarr01@syr.edu 5-8339