the challenges of integration_ bammer-bertalanffy-seminar

7/28/2019 The Challenges of Integration_ Bammer-Bertalanffy-Seminar

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TheChallengesofIntegrationandImplementationinSystemsApproaches

toComplexProblems:WouldaNew

DisciplineHelp?

GabrieleBammer


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Overview Challengesandconsequences DisciplineandBigScienceproject IntegrationandImplementationSciences(I2S) AlavouroftheI2SDevelopmentDrive Nextsteps

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Challenge1:Fragmentednetworks

Lackoflinksbetweensystems

andinter-disciplinarynetworks

Eachwiththeirownsmall

conferences(about200

people)

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Fragmentednetworks2

Lotsofusefulconceptsand

methods

Butnocentralcompilations

Thereforehardtoget:

overallviewofwhatisknownaccesstoanarrayofoptions

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Challenge2:Lackofagreedterminology Limiteduniiedsystemsconcepts(http://i2s.anu.edu.au/projects/uniied-systems-concepts)

Confusionbetweeninter-,multi-,trans-,cross-disciplinary Nottomention:post-normalscience,systemicintervention,integratedassessment,sustainabilityscience,

teamscience,mode2andactionresearch

Coverageofawiderangeofpractice(thousandsofresearchers)

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Consequences

1. Intellectuallyweak-noagreedbodyofwork

-nolinksbetweentheoryandpractice

-dogma

2.Politicallypowerlessandmarginalised

(academicdecisionmakingandresearchfunding)

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Challenge3:Noappreciationofthescale

ofthetask

-buildinganoverarchingintellectualframework

-developingbettermechanismstobringtogether

researchersusingrelatedmethodsondisparateproblems

Needs

adiscipline aBigScienceproject

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Whyadiscipline? Acceptedwayoforganisingandtransmittingknowledgeinternationally

Collegeofpeers:professionalassociations,journals,conferences

Qualitycontrol LocusofpowerButmustavoidbecomingself-referential

Statisticsasamodel

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WhyaBigScienceproject?Compileandclassify:

existingconceptsandmethods

exemplarcasestudiesguidestootherrelevantknowledgeDevelopthecollegeofpeers

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Overview Challengesandconsequences DisciplineandBigScienceproject IntegrationandImplementationSciences(I2S) AlavouroftheI2SDevelopmentDrive Nextsteps

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Myfocus1. Complexreal-worldproblemseginequality,organisedcrime,globalclimate

change,risinghealthcarecosts

2.Underpinnedbyasystemsapproach

3.Multiplemethodologicaloptions

- noonerightway13


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Coreingredients1

Bringtogetherexpertisefromdifferentdisciplines

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Coreingredients2


-andstakeholders

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Coreingredients3


-andstakeholders Takeaction(policyandpracticechange)

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Coreingredients4


-andstakeholders Takeaction(policyandpracticechange) BUTalsoconsiderunknowns

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IntegrationandImplementationSciences

(I2S):theorganisingframework

Threedomains

5Questions

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ThreedomainsofI2S

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5-questionsforsystematicreportingand

evaluationinI2S

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FivequestionsQ1

1. Forwhatandforwhom?

Whatistheresearchaimingtoachieveandwhoisintendedtobeneit?

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FivequestionsQ2

2.Ofwhat?

Whatisbeingdealtwith:

- knowledgesynthesis- diverseunknowns- provisionofintegratedresearchsupportforpolicyandpracticechange?

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FivequestionsQ3

3.How?

Methodsfor

- knowledgesynthesis- considerationofdiverseunknowns- provisionofintegratedresearchsupport- bywhomandwhen?

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FivequestionsQ4

4.Context?

Whatcircumstancesaffecttheresearchand

theabilitytoimplementtheresults

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FivequestionsQ5

5.Success?

Whatistheoutcome:

-knowledgesynthesis

-considerationofdiverseunknownsand

-provisionofintegratedresearchsupport

forpolicyandpracticechange?

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Fivequestionsmerits

Planning(future)

Description(present)

Reporting(past)

Canbeusedinanyorder

Keyissueisthatallusedandallelements

addressed

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FivequestionsforDomain1

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Whatstheinnovation?Flexiblewaytosystematically

approach

reportonand

evaluate

researchoncomplexproblems

Thereisnothingelse

Focusonoptionsratherthanprescription

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Whatsnext?Finding,compilingandclassifyingthe

options

=I2SDevelopmentDrive

Letmegiveyoualavour

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AlavouroftheI2SDevelopment

Drive

1. Modellingmethods2. Amorecomprehensiveapproachto

unknowns

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Models(thankstoJenBadham)1

Differenttechniquessuitablefordifferentproblems

differentaspectsofthesystememphasisedNoestablishedclassiication VaryingeaseofinterpretationMaylimitstakeholderinvolvement

DifferentdataneedsMaylimitfeasibility

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Models2

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Usesofmodels

1. Organiseinformation2. Synthesiseunderstandings3. Guideresearchordatacollection4. Communicate5. Forecast6.

Compareoptions

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Compilationofmodellingmethods1

1. FinalmodelDifferentpartialviewofthewhole

system(everythingisconnectedtoeverythingelse)

2.Process

- Synthesisofdifferentperspectives

- Identiicationofunknowns- Planningforaction

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Fivegroupings:

1.Staticdiagrams2.Dynamicsubsystems3.Dynamicindividuals Targetsystem4.Scenariosoutcome

5.Statisticalrelationships,notsystem

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Fivegroupings:

1.Staticdiagrams(strongdialoguecomponents)

ConceptmappingSoftsystemsmethodologyLeansystemsSocialnetworkanalysis

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Staticdiagrams1

Pictureofthesystem(modeldoesmore)

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Staticdiagrams2Conceptmap

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Staticdiagrams3Softsystemsrich

picture

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Staticdiagrams4Leansystem

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Staticdiagrams5Socialnetwork

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Fivegroupings:

1.Staticdiagrams2.

Dynamicsubsystems

CausalloopdiagramsSystemdynamics

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Dynamicsubsystems1Causalloop

diagrams

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Dynamicsubsystems2System

dynamicsmodels

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Fivegroupings:

1.Staticdiagrams2.

Dynamicsubsystems

3.DynamicindividualsStatetransition

DiscreteeventsimulationAgentbased

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MainPoints

Nowaytogetcompleteviewofproblem

Differentsystemsviewhighlightdifferent

elementsandrelationships

Modelshelpgethandlesonsystemsviews

Fewcompilations

Noagreedclassiication

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AlavouroftheI2SDevelopment

Drive

1. Modellingmethods2. Amorecomprehensiveapproachtounknowns

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Unknowns

Lesswelldeveloped(morethanrisk)

Blindspotinwesternthought

Generalorientation: Unlimitedunknownsandlimitedresearch

capacity

Differentwaysofunderstandingunknowns

Mike Smithson

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Unlimitedunknowns

Constantinnovationandchange

On-goingresearch

Irreducibleunknowns Limitedmethods BeneitsofunknownsAndlimitedresearchcapacity

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Differentwaysofunderstandingunknowns1

Flavouronly

Disciplinessynthesisneeded! Matrix Typology

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STATISTICS - probabilitytheory

Intelligence gaps or overload

History moral dimension

Music essential for creativity

Art certainty and uncertainty are a continuum, not opposites

Futures unknown unknowns

Complexity - irreducible

Religion desirable vs fundamentalism

Complexity - irreducible

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Matrix

Knownknowns Knownunknowns(consciousignorance)

Unknownknowns

(tacitknowledge)

Unknownunknowns

(meta-ignorance)

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Smithsons

Typology

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Differentwaysofmanagingunknowns1

Discipline-basedtrainingfocusonunknownsto

reduce,banishtherest

Disciplinaryexcellencepickproductiveunknowns(notdeadendortrivial)

Systems-basedfocus(problemasawhole)worry

aboutwhatsbeenbanished

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Sixstrategies:

1.Reduce(Gain more knowledge and/or increaseconstraints)

2.Banish(Set aside as out of bounds and thereforenot dealt with)

3.Accept(Construct decisions and actions that takeunknowns into account) eg strategic foresighting

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4.Exploit(Amplify;Generate or reinforce)

5.Surrenderto(Relinquishment;Adopt a fatalistic or

nihilistic stance)

6. Deny(Treat as non-existent)

Can be adaptive or maladaptive

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Consequenceof:

UnknownsButalso Boundarysetting Systems

Values

Bigpicturecontext

Imperfectionisinevitable

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Overview

Challengesandconsequences DisciplineandBigScienceproject IntegrationandImplementationSciences(I2S) AlavouroftheI2SDevelopmentDrive Nextsteps

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Nextsteps...1

Testingtheideas:

a)commentariesDiscipliningInterdisciplinarity

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Nextsteps2

Testingtheideas:

b)coursesDiscipliningInterdisciplinarity

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Nextsteps3

Ageneralresourcescompilation

websiteandnewsletter

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Newresource

Conceptsforco-productionofknowledgeEnengel, Barbara; Muhar, Andreas; Penker, Marianne; Freyer, Bernhard; Drlik, Stephanie; and, Ritter, Florian. (2012).

Co-production of Knowledge in Transdisciplinary Doctoral Theses on Landscape Development An Analysis ofActor Roles and Knowledge Types in Different Research Phases. Landscape and Urban Planning, 105, 1-2:106-117.

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Nextsteps4Newprojects:

EgMakingdecisionswhenexpertsdisagree

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FormoreonI2S

http://i2s.anu.edu.au

the challenges of integration_ bammer-bertalanffy-seminar

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