the chaldeans & the babylonians
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- 1. The Chaldeans & the Babylonians
- 2. Who are the Chaldeans? The Chaldeans of Beth Nahreen
(Mesopotamia which is current days Iraq, east Syria, and south east
Turkey) are a live continuation of all the indigenous people of
Mesopotamia whether their tribal names were Sumerians, Akkadians,
Amorites, Babylonians, Assyrians, Chaldeans, and Aramaeans. The
language of the Chaldean people is Aramaic, a different dialect
than that spoken by Jesus Christ.
- 3. The Assyrian Empire
- The Assyrian capital city: Nineveh
- 4. Palace Library
- 5. Assyrians known for brutality in warfare
- Brutality of Assyrian art
- 6. Assyrian brutality produced hatred and rebellions among subjugated peoples
- 7. Sophisticated, far-sighted and effective military organization
- The defeat of the Assyrians and the destruction of Nineveh
Assyrians in 612 BCE
Most famous Babylonian ruler was Nebuchadnezzar - 8.
- 9. The Chaldeans
As Assyria began to decline, the Chaldeans swooped in.
Babylon, capital of their new empire
Nebuchadnezzar II
Warrior and builder
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Chaldean culture
Admired ancient Sumerian culture
Developed calendar; advances in astronomy - 10. The Chaldean People
Ur of the ChaldeansThe ancient Babylonian city of Ur became a chief city under Urgur. He was not only a conqueror but also a city builder. - 11. Chaldeans :: Chaldee Women in Servitude
Chaldeans :: Domestic Life and Manners
Chaldeans :: Chaldee Woman
Chaldeans :: Manners and Customs
Chaldeans :: Chaldeans Trade with Arabia - 12. Education
Only the wealthiest boys were allowed to go to school and learn reading, writing and math. Girls weren't allowed.Schools were called edubba, they were also called tablet houses. School lasted from early morning until evening. They would write on clay tablets. They went to school for 12 years and the teachers severely disciplined students, sometimes they hit them with a stick. When they were finished school they became a scribe which was a high paying job. - 13. Chaldean astrologers on the palace roof
- 14. A colossal winged human-headed bull from a doorway of the
palace of Sargon II (721-705 BC) at Khorsabad, in Nineveh. It is
made from gypseous alabaster.
People forced to worship idol by King Nebuchadnezzar - 15. This magnificent wall hanging was originally inspired by
the glazed brick decoration of the famous Ishtar Gate which was
constructed in Babylon around 575 BC on the instructions of King
Nebuchadnezzar II. The gateway was covered with beautifully
enamelled tiles and bricks in a glorious lapis lazuli blue; with
its detail of dragons and bulls in brightly colored yellows and
browns, which symbolised the gods of Marduk and Adad.
- 16.
- 17. He was the oldest son of Nabopolassar, the Chaldean
conqueror of the Assyrians and restorer of Babylonian independence.
He reigned for forty three years (c.605-562 BC) and amassed a large
empire in Mesopotamia. He was a very devout ruler (the Babylonian
god Marduk was his chief deity) and he treated his captives
humanely, unlike the cold blooded Assyrians. Many of the Jews that
he exiled from Jerusalem were assimilated into the Babylonian
culture and some rose to positions of relative power in the Court.
The annals speak not so much of his military conquests but about
his remarkable building programs.
- 18. The annals speak not so much of his military conquests but
about his remarkable building programs.
The City Walls
The Marduk Ziggurat
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon - 19. The City of Babylon
- 20. The Hanging Gardens One of the seven Wonders of the
World
http://sciencestage.com/v/207/ancient-world-history-babylon-seven-wonders-hanging-gardens.html
- 21.
- 22. The Assyrians
War Machine
Assyrian Rule
- From Northern Mesopotamia
- 23. Barley, cattle
- 24. Adopted Sumerian culture
- 25. New empire in 900 BC
- 26. Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Egypt
- 27. Fierce warrior society
- 28. War chariots, foot soldiers, cavalry
- 29. Masters of siege warfare
- 30. Terror
- 31. Efficient system
- 32. Local leaders
- 33. System of roads
- 34. Brutal with opposition
- 35. Cultural achievements, library
After the Hittite empire fell, other peoples fought for dominance in western Asia. In time, the Assyrians became the supreme power in the region; later the Chaldeans formed their own empire. - 36. Compare and Contrast
How were the Hittite, Assyrian, and Chaldean empires similar and different?
Answer(s): All made cultural and technological advances.
Hittitesknown for military power, efficient government.
Chaldeansdeveloped calendar, Hanging Gardens of Babylon, short-lived empire. Phoeniciansnot an empire, built wealthy trading society, developed alphabet. - 37.
- 38. Modern Meggido in Israel, site of world history's first
major battle
- 39. Nice view of Nineveh on the Tigris
- 40. The Ishtar Gate at Babylon
- 41. Chaldean Foods
Bread Chaldeans & Babylonia. The bread was sold by volume, Bread was baked in the form in which it is still found in the East, namely, in a kind of lightly-cooked pancake.
Barley and spelt were the most common grain
Fish was popular to the Assyrians and the rivers following through Assyria
Probably cow and goat milk have been the most generally used by early communities. The use of butter, sour milk and cheese
Sheep and oxen were the most common animals used for meat. - 42. Chaldean Artifacts
Lion from the Babylonian Ishtar Gate built by King Nebuchadnezzar ca. 575 BCE. The lion represented the goddess Ishtar
Glazed brick wall relief from the Ishtar Gate in Babylon, representing a mythical Mushhushu dragon. Dedicated to the Babylonian goddess Ishtar, the Gate was constructed of blue glazed tiles with alternating rows of bas-relief dragons and aurochs (an extinct type of bull). The roof and doors of the gate were of cedar, according to the dedication plaque. Through the gate ran the Processional Way which was lined with walls covered in lions on glazed bricks (about 120 of them).Statues of the deities were paraded through the gate and down the Processional Way each year during the New Year's celebration. - 43. the world's oldest carved-stone ritual vessel, with a
narrative relief. It shows the Sumerians offering gifts to the
goddess Innin as well as scenes of daily life in the ancient city
of Uruk. It was carved about the time that the city's Sumerians
were inventing writing.
A female head in ivory, dubbed the Mona Lisa of Nimrud, is one of many important ivory pieces discovered during excavations of the ancient city of Nimrud, - 44. The Chaldeans
Following the destruction of NinevehNabopolassar, who created the Chaldean dynasty and participated in the Mede and Babylonian invasion of Assyria, forced the Assyrians into northwestern Mesopotamia. His son, Nebuchadnezzar (605-562 BC), assumed military control in Assyria and continued the removal of the Assyrians and their Egyptian supporters. Before Nebuchadnezzar could invade Egypt itself he learned that Nabopolassar had died, so he returned directly to Babylon, the Babylonian capital. There, he assumed the position of king. However, by 539 BC, Babylon had been conquered by Cyrus, ruler of Persia, and Mesopotamia was merged with the Persian empire.
Nebuchadnezzar is perhaps best known for his elaborate Babylonian building projects. This king created the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, a terraced garden supposedly built to remind Nebuchadnezzar's wife of her mountainous homeland. The Ishtar Gate was another of Nebuchadnezzar's great accomplishments. It was located near the Hanging Gardens and decorated with reliefs of various creatures, including dragons and bulls.
During the Chaldean period Nebuchadnezzar also worked to spur religious revival in Babylonia. The gods that ruled the universe were equated with one of the planets. Ishtar (goddess of life, fertility, sexual love, and war), for example, was equated with the planet Venus. Using their great skills in astronomy, the Chaldeans also used the movement and positions of the planets and stars to predict the plan of the gods and thus, the future. Astronomy was also utilized to create a method of time based upon a seven-day week, as well as days comprised of twelve 120-minute hours.