the cell membrane: how the cell maintains homeostasis
TRANSCRIPT
Cell Homeostasis Cats hate and are afraid of water.
What do you hate or fear? Think of one or two things that you hate.
What do you love and what are you attracted to? Think of one or two things that are attractive to you.
“phobia” means fear. Fear of water is hydrophobia.
Fear of snakes is Ophidiophobia . Fear of spiders?
“phile” means like. If you like water, you are an
hydrophile. If you like snakes you are an ophidiophile. If
you like spiders, you are an arachnophile.
The cell membrane is composed of two layers of
phospholipids. The Outer “heads” of the phospholipid
really like water and are called _________philic. The area
between the membrane layers is made of the
phospholipid “tails”. Tails are “afraid of water” and are
called: ____________phobic.
Cell membranes are composed of two
phospholipid layers. (bilayer)-draw the all
blue phospholipid model and label the
tails as “fatty acid tails” and label the
circle as the phosphate head:
Cell membranes are composed of two
phospholipid layers. (bilayer) Take a minute
to Label the cell membrane pictured on
your notes:
Think: Why does your cell need hydrophobic
parts of the membrane?
The cell membrane has two
major functions.
1. Forms a boundary between
inside and outside of the cell
2. Controls passage of materials
into or out of the cell
cell membrane
outside cell
inside cell
Consult with a partner and come up with
an analogy for something that is like a
membrane in that it is “fatty and
phobic” on the inside, but “likes water”
on the outside (hint-something that
dissolves easily likes water ALOT)
The fluid mosaic model describes the
membrane. Think about definitions for the two words and then
we will discuss how this might relate to the cell
membrane:
FLUID –
MOSAIC (puzzle)–
bendable, movable, not solid
composed of many pieces
The fluid mosaic model describes the
membrane because the
molecule/compound components or pieces
are always moving
(http://www.susanahalpine.com/anim/Life/m
emb.htm
cell membrane
There are other compounds embedded in the
membrane: label the matching parts on your diagram:
example—where are the proteins?. https://www.wisc-
online.com/learn/natural-science/life-
science/ap1101/construction-of-the-cell-membrane
protein
cholesterol
protein
carbohydrate
chain
protein channel
carbohydrate
chain
Cell Homeostasis: Cell Membrane
components/parts
Protein
Channel
Protein
Carbohydrates
Lipids/Fats
Identification, holds cells together, sends and
receives messages
Macromolecule compounds
Function
Proteins Membrane proteins: Identification, holds cells together, sends messages. Channel proteins transport materials into and out of the cell. Membrane receptor proteins: Are located in cell membrane-Receive chemical signals/ligands from outside the cell. Intracellular receptor proteins: Located inside the cell-Receive chemical signals/ligands like hormones.
Carbohydrates Identification, signaling, and “sugary glue” that holds cell membrane together.
Lipids/Fats (nonpolar-no charge)
Do not mix with water-Cholesterol strengthens the cell membrane and phospholipids form the fatty barrier between cell and environment. Controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell.
The cell membrane is selectively permeable.
Allows some, but not all molecules to cross the membrane. Fig. 3.18
THINK: What molecules would you add to this
membrane to make it a more functional and a
complete “mosaic” ?
cell
mem
bra
ne
The cell membrane is selectively permeable.
Predict: Which way will the water molecules move?
Toward the inside or outside the cell? Why? Check this
out:
http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/tdc02.sci.life.cell.membraneweb/cell-membrane-just-passing-
through/
• Chemical signals are transmitted
across the cell membrane-Read page
84
– Receptor proteins bind with ligands
(chemicals) and change shape.
– A ligand is a specific “signaling” molecule
that binds with a receptor protein to
make something happen.
There are two types of
receptor proteins.
• One type: Intracellular
receptor protein
• *THINK: What does Intracellular mean?
• Ligand moves through the
cell membrane to reach
receptor protein on inside of cell.
• Example: hormones:
http://highered.mheducat
ion.com/sites/0072507470/
student_view0/chapter17/
animation__intracellular_re
ceptor_model.html
There are two types of
receptor proteins.
• The 2nd type of receptor
is: membrane protein
receptor (integral
protein)
• Ligand on outside of cell
binds with a receptor
within the cell
membrane.
• Ex: Neurotransmitters,
growth factors
There are two types of receptor proteins.
• The 2nd type of receptor is: membrane protein
receptor
• Label the missing parts:
Ligand
Receptor