The Byzantine The Byzantine Empire: The New Empire: The New

RomeRome

Content Goals and Content Goals and Objectives:Objectives:

Goal 2 – The Byzantine EmpireGoal 2 – The Byzantine Empire The student will examine the influence of The student will examine the influence of

the Byzantine Empire on medieval Europe.the Byzantine Empire on medieval Europe. 2.01 Trace the geopolitical developments of the 2.01 Trace the geopolitical developments of the

Byzantine Empire over the length of its existence.Byzantine Empire over the length of its existence. 2.02 Detail the major political developments of 2.02 Detail the major political developments of

the Byzantine Empire during the rule of Emperor the Byzantine Empire during the rule of Emperor Justinian.Justinian.

2.03 Evaluate the major achievements of the 2.03 Evaluate the major achievements of the Emperor Justinian.Emperor Justinian.

2.07 Examine the causes and effects of the 2.07 Examine the causes and effects of the decline of the Byzantine Empire.decline of the Byzantine Empire.

The Division of the Roman The Division of the Roman EmpireEmpire

In 284 AD In 284 AD DiocletianDiocletian became Roman emperor. He became Roman emperor. He decided that the huge Roman empire could only be decided that the huge Roman empire could only be ruled effectively by splitting it into two parts.ruled effectively by splitting it into two parts.

The Division of the Roman The Division of the Roman EmpireEmpire

ConstantineConstantine

In 330 Diocletian’s successor, In 330 Diocletian’s successor, ConstantineConstantine, rebuilt the old Greek , rebuilt the old Greek port of Byzantium, at the entrance port of Byzantium, at the entrance to the Black Sea. He renamed it to the Black Sea. He renamed it ConstantinopleConstantinople and made the city and made the city the capital of the Eastern Roman the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire.Empire.

Constantinople

Constantinople

The Fall of the Western The Fall of the Western Roman EmpireRoman Empire

By 395 AD, the Roman Empire was formally divided into two By 395 AD, the Roman Empire was formally divided into two empires: East and West. With the invasion of Germanic forces empires: East and West. With the invasion of Germanic forces from the north, the Western Roman Empire was conquered from the north, the Western Roman Empire was conquered and further divided. This left the eastern part of the Roman and further divided. This left the eastern part of the Roman empire to carry on the Greco-Roman tradition.empire to carry on the Greco-Roman tradition.

The Fall of the Western The Fall of the Western Roman EmpireRoman Empire

The Byzantine Empire Under The Byzantine Empire Under JustinianJustinian

This map depicts the This map depicts the Empire at the death Empire at the death of Justinian I, who of Justinian I, who had reigned from had reigned from 527 to 565 as sole 527 to 565 as sole Emperor, Emperor, sometimes in sometimes in concert, and concert, and sometimes in sometimes in conflict, with his conflict, with his powerful wife powerful wife Theodora. Theodora.

Byzantine EmpireByzantine Empire At first, this Empire controlled At first, this Empire controlled

only a small area around the only a small area around the eastern Mediterranean, but eastern Mediterranean, but during the reign of Justinian during the reign of Justinian (527-565), it started to recover (527-565), it started to recover much of the territory of the old much of the territory of the old Roman empire.Roman empire.

The New RomeThe New Rome

The Byzantine Empire was The Byzantine Empire was wealthy and produced: gold, wealthy and produced: gold, silk, grain, olives and wine. It silk, grain, olives and wine. It traded these for spices, ivory traded these for spices, ivory and precious stones from and precious stones from countries as far away as countries as far away as China and India along the Silk China and India along the Silk Road trade routes.Road trade routes.

Justinian and TheodoraJustinian and Theodora

Justinian ruled as an Justinian ruled as an autocrat autocrat with the help with the help of Theodora. Created a of Theodora. Created a huge Christian empirehuge Christian empire

Empire reached its Empire reached its greatest sizegreatest size

Autocrat – ruler who has Autocrat – ruler who has complete authoritycomplete authority

Justinian and TheodoraJustinian and Theodora

Justinian ruled as an Justinian ruled as an autocrat autocrat with the help of with the help of Theodora. Created a huge Theodora. Created a huge Christian empireChristian empire

Empire reached its Empire reached its greatest sizegreatest size

Built Hagia SophiaBuilt Hagia Sophia

Justinian’s Code of LawsJustinian’s Code of Laws

Laws were fairer to women. They could own property and raise Laws were fairer to women. They could own property and raise their own children after their husbands died.their own children after their husbands died.

Children allowed to choose their own marriage partners.Children allowed to choose their own marriage partners. Slavery was legal and slaves must obey their masters.Slavery was legal and slaves must obey their masters. Punishments were detailed and fit the crimePunishments were detailed and fit the crime His work inspired the modern concept and, indeed, the very His work inspired the modern concept and, indeed, the very

spelling of "justice".spelling of "justice".

The End of the Byzantine The End of the Byzantine EmpireEmpire

The Byzantine empire drew to a The Byzantine empire drew to a close in 1453 when forces from close in 1453 when forces from the Muslim Ottoman Empire the Muslim Ottoman Empire surrounded and conquered surrounded and conquered Constantinople.Constantinople.

The ancient Christian city was The ancient Christian city was renamed Istanbul and became renamed Istanbul and became the capital of the Ottoman the capital of the Ottoman Empire.Empire.