the boid architecture ( conflicts between beliefs, obligations, intentions and desires )
DESCRIPTION
The BOID architecture ( Conflicts Between Beliefs, Obligations, Intentions and Desires ). Jan Broersen Mehdi Dastani Joris Hulstijn Zisheng Huang Leendert van der Torre Department of Artificial Intelligence Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Layout of this Talk. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 1
The BOID architecture( Conflicts Between Beliefs, Obligations,
Intentions and Desires )
Jan BroersenMehdi DastaniJoris Hulstijn
Zisheng HuangLeendert van der Torre
Department of Artificial IntelligenceVrije Universiteit Amsterdam
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 2
Layout of this Talk
• logics and architecture for autonomous agents• conflicts and agent types• BOID
– norms: Dignum et al, Castelfranchi, ...
– specialized architectures
– generic architecture
– example
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 3
BDI Logics• rational balance between its informational and
motivational attitudes
• axiomatization for each attitude– KD45 for beliefs; D and K for desires and intentions;
Necessitation for beliefs, desires, and intentions
• axiomatization between attitudes– static: Bp->Ip – dynamic: commitment strategies
A(Intend(a , A) U(Bel(a, ) Bel(a , E))))
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 4
Interpreter (Reasoner)
BDI Architecture
PlansBeliefs
Desires Intentions
Sensor
Effectors
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 5
BDP logic and architecture
• Reiter’s default logic: beliefs and desires are B and D defaults
• inconsistent beliefs or desires are possible: {T:-p/p , T:-p/p} leads to multiple extensions
• prioritization of defaults express agent types
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 6
Conflicts
• Simple conflicts, e.g. between two desires• Complex conflicts, e.g.:
– you believe that there are no cheap rooms close to the conference
– you are obliged to take cheap room– you desire to stay close to the conference– you intend to go to a conference
• Increasing # of possible conflicts in BOID
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 7
Conflicts and Agent Types
• Realistic agent: beliefs override others
• Social agent: obligations override desires
• Selfish agent: desires override obligations
• simple-minded agent: intentions override obligations and desires
• open-minded agent: desires and obligations override intentions
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 8
B I- O DObs.
Act.
Social Simple Minded
( rb ) < ( ri ) < ( ro ) < ( rd )
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 9
BI
-
ODObs. Act.
Super Selfish
( rb ) < ( rd ) < ( ri )
( rb ) < ( rd ) < ( ro )
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 10
B
I-
O
D
Obs. Act.P
BOID Architecture
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 11
et
s ch et
s ch et gc
gc s
ch
Act.P
Example : Initial State“ Simple-minded ( rb ) < ( ri ) < … ”
et = expensive tickets = spend-much-money
ch = cheap hotelgc = go conference
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 12
gc
gc sAct.
P
Example : Step 1“ Simple-minded ( rb ) < ( ri ) < … ”
{et}
ch
et
s ch et
s ch et
et = expensive tickets = spend-much-money
ch = cheap hotelgc = go conference
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 13
et
s ch et
s ch et
gc sAct.
P
Example : Step 2“ Simple-minded ( rb ) < ( ri ) < … ”
{et}
{et,gc}
ch
gc
et = expensive tickets = spend-much-money
ch = cheap hotelgc = go conference
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 14
gc
gc sAct.
P
Example : Step 3 “ Social … < ( ro ) < ( rd ) ”
{et,gc}
ch
{et,gc} et
s ch et
s ch et
et = expensive tickets = spend-much-money
ch = cheap hotelgc = go conference
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 15
et
s ch et
s ch et gc
Act.P
Example : Step 4“ Social … < ( ro ) < ( rd ) ”
{et,gc}
{et,gc,s}
ch
gc s
et = expensive tickets = spend-much-money
ch = cheap hotelgc = go conference
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 16
gc
gc sAct.
P
Example : Step 5“ Social … < ( ro ) < ( rd ) ”
{et,gc,s}
ch {et,gc,s,ch}
et
s ch et
s ch et
et = expensive tickets = spend-much-money
ch = cheap hotelgc = go conference
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 17
et
s ch et
s ch et gc
gc sAct.
P
Example : Step 6“ Social … < ( ro ) < ( rd ) ”
{et,gc,s,ch}{et,gc,s,ch} ch
et = expensive tickets = spend-much-money
ch = cheap hotelgc = go conference
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 18
gc
gc sAct.
P
Example : Step 7“ Social … < ( ro ) < ( rd ) ”
ch {et,gc,s,ch}
{et,gc,s,ch} et
s ch et
s ch et
et = expensive tickets = spend-much-money
ch = cheap hotelgc = go conference
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 19
gc
gc sAct.
P
Example : Step 3“Selfish … < ( rd ) < ( ro ) ”
ch {et,gc} {et,gc}
et
s ch et
s ch et
et = expensive tickets = spend-much-money
ch = cheap hotelgc = go conference
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 20
et
s ch et
s ch et gc
gc sAct.
P
Example : Step 4“Selfish … < ( rd ) < ( ro ) ”
{et,gc,ch}{et,gc} ch
et = expensive tickets = spend-much-money
ch = cheap hotelgc = go conference
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 21
et
s ch et
s ch et gc
gc sAct.
P
Example : Step 5“Selfish … < ( rd ) < ( ro ) ”
{et,gc,ch} ch
et = expensive tickets = spend-much-money
ch = cheap hotelgc = go conference
{et,gc,ch}
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 22
et
s ch et
s ch et gc
gc sAct.
P
Example : Step 5“Selfish … < ( rd ) < ( ro ) ”
ch
et = expensive tickets = spend-much-money
ch = cheap hotelgc = go conference
{et,gc,ch}
{et,gc,ch, s}
30 May 2001 Autonomous Agents 23
Conclusion
• conflicts within or among informational and motivational attitudes
• conflict resolution and agent types
• small gap between logic and architecture
• extension selection: planning and scheduling