!"#$%%$&'(")*+,--'./0,.1,2#"$.3.+4.-"1'#'.".*+"55#'.&"4$./0,.0'.#,"-$66"5'./'4.-7"$+5'.2$.&$'.8$9-$'.:'%0+")."%%"$.;$<.,%;,#5'.2$.&,.$4.8"55'.2$.&+%$/"===

>7.+4.1$"99$'.4,-.&'42'.$4/"45"5'.2$.+4".2,--,.;$<.?,--,.;',%$,.2,-.@'&"45$/$%&'.$49-,%,."55#"1,#%'.-,.$4/"45,1'-$.$&&"9$4$.2,-.;$55'#,.8#"4/,%,.!"#$%&'()*+,(ABCDE.F BCCCG).$--+%5#"5'#,.2$.%5#"'#2$4"#$'.1"-'#,.2$.';,#,.&,&'#"?$-$./'&,.-".H$1$4".!'&&,2$").;,#.";;#'2"#,."--".1,#%$'4,.&+%$/"-,.2,9-$.-+*.(/%01'.(/0,)./'4.-".-'#'.&+%$/".5#"1'-9,45,)./'45#$?+$%/'4'.".8"#./'4'%/,#,.,.";;#,66"#,.';,#,.-,55,#"#$,.$&&'#5"-$I

J+'4.2$1,#5$&,45'=!"#$"%&'%((%)

!"#$"%&'%((%)&*&+,-.)%&/"%01"2"

Which elements characterise a ballad?q Four-line stanzas

q An archaic languageq The use of alliterations. onomatopoeias and repetitions

q The combination of dialogue and narration

q The theme of travelq The presence of supernatural elements

What does a Romantic ballad add to them?q The presence of a moral at the end.

… and a modern-day ballad sung by a Heavy Metal band???

!"#$%&

!"#$%&$'($'()%*(#$+',%(*,-$'(.$/*$&#011*#/$0(*$02$#/,**3

72&%28"526&'%0"250&=556-&6.055&@511"299)5-6-<

A5&-6,>-&,25&,;&6.5&6.055B&."-&8.,"85&"-&2,6&%&8%-)%#&,25<&

A5&-6%06-&65##"29&."=&%&-6,0C<

!""#$%&'%()*$!""#$%&'%()*$ +,--.#$%'/0-+,--.#$%'/0-1)&01)&0 23455!

«The Wedding-Guest sat on a stone:he cannot choose but hear»

The wedding guest is annoyed: he has to hurry to the wedding party.

The Ancient Mariner holds him with his hand and with his glittering eye: the man is spellbound and cannot move.

The Mariner begins to tell his story.

«The bride hath paced into the hall, red as a rose is she»

In the meantime the wedding party is going on: the bride and the bridegroom are there, and the musicians are playing.

«And now the storm blast came,and he was tyrannous and strong»

The mariner tells the young man of how at firsthe sailed southwards to the equator with a good wind and fairweather.

But a storm soon led the ship to the South Pole.

«The ice was here,the ice was there,the ice was all around»

The ship was soon surrounded by ice.

It was extremely cold, no sound was heard, only the cracking of the ice.

«At length did cross an Albatross,thorough the fog it came»

One day, unexpectedly, an albatross came through the fog, as if it had been sent by God.

At that point, a good wind started blowing and theship was driven towards the North.

«In mist or cloud, on mast or shroud,it perched for vespers nine»

The albatross would often come and perch on the ship, to play and get food from the mariners.

!A80.$&'@*$#/**-$'()%*(#$+',%(*,BC,0?$#/*$2%*(.&$#/'#$1<'69*$#/**$#/9&B$5/D$<00EF&# #/09$&0GH$I5%#/$?D$),0&&7;0=$"$&/0#$#/*$'<;'#,0&&JK

!)1152#C&6.5&%28"526&'%0"250J"##51&6.5&%#?%60,--&@"6.&."-&80,--4?,@<

!"#$

The irrationality and the

senselessness of the crime are at the

core of the poem, charging it with an

atmosphere of irresistible mystery:

what led the mariner to break the pact

of love with God by killing an

innocent creature?

«And I had done a hellish thing, And it would work 'em woe».

The Ancient Mariner realizes hehas killed a bird of good omen.

At first the crew blame themariner for killing the albatross,then they justify him, because they have a favourable wind: this attitude will make them co-responsible for the crime.

PART II

«And water, water, every where, Nor any drop to drink»

Suddenly, the ship stops moving:no more wind nor breeze.

Everything around the ship is sad and silent. The sun is hot and the mariners are thirsty: they are surrounded by water but they have none to drink.

«About, about, in reel and rout, The death-fires danced at night»

The crew can see slimy beings in the water as well as death-fires all around.

The atmosphere is hellish and frightening.

«Nine fathom deep he had followed us From the land of mist and snow.»

The shipmates are convinced that an Evil spirit is following them.

It is a sort of curse after the killing of the albatross.

The ancient mariner is punished by his crew: they hang the albatross around his neck.

«A spect, a mist, a shape, I wish! And still it neared and neared.»

After many days of drought and thirst the crew can see a ship in the distance.

They have a flash of joy, but soon realize that a phantom ship is approaching.

It is the skeleton of a ship and her sails look like cobwebs

PART III

!L4/*$6'?*$%& .0(*B$"M@* =0(-$"M@* =0(BL$N90#/ &/*-$'(.$=/%&#<*& #/,%)*J3

K2&6.5&>.%26,= -."> 6.505 %05&6@, .,00"?#5 ;5=%#5 ;"9)05-B&6@, .,00"?#5!"#$% %21&

.,00"?#5 ;5=%#5%21&!"#$

;5=%#5!"#$%

;"9)05-B&;5=%#5;5=%#5!"#$%"&'($)*+<&

:.5C 6.0,@ 1"85&6,&@"2 6.5&#"$5- ,;&6.5&=%0"250-B

!"#$% 956- 6.5&805@<!"#$!"#$!"#$%!"#$!"#$%"&'($)*+'@"2- 6.5&728"526'%0"250O

«Each turned his face with a ghastly pang, And cursed me with his eye.»

One by one all the mariners die, except for the Ancient Mariner.

No sighs nor groans are heard: the Ancient Mariner can only see a curse on their faces.

«And never a saint took pity on my soul in agony.»

PART IV

The Ancient Mariner tells the Wedding Guest about his horrible punishment:he was alone and desperate in the open sea, his men lying dead around him.

«And a thousand thousand slimy thingsLived on; and so did I.I looked upon the rotting sea, And drew my eyes away.»

Everything around him looks rotten: the sea and the dead men.

He dislikes the creatures of the sea and cannot even pray: he feels an outcast, isolated from mankind, from God, from Nature.

«Seven days, seven nights, I saw that curse, And yet I could not die.»

Although his men are dead, the expression on theirfaces, their open eyes cursing him haunt him.

He wishes he were dead.

«The moving Moon went up the sky.»

The Ancient Mariner gazes at the moon and the stars: under their consolatory light a change begins to take place.

«Beyond the shadow of the ship, I watched the water-snakes»

The mariner starts seeingthe sea creatures in a different way: he admires their shining colours and a feeling of love enters his soul.

He blesses the sea creaturesand the spell begins to break: the Albatross falls into the sea and sinks.

PART V The process of the soul’s revival continues: the Mariner is allowed to sleep and awakes to the sound of the falling rain so he can drink at last.All the dead men suddenly stand and go about their jobs as a mute, ghostly crew. The ship starts sailing again.

PART VI

The process of healing seems to slow down: the penance has to continue. Suddenly, the shore appears on the horizon: crimson shapes begin to rise from the water in front of the ship and the Mariner sees an angel standing over each dead man's corpse. The angels wave their hands silently, serving as beacons to guide the ship into port.

The mariner is picked up by a sailor, his son, and a hermit, and the mariner's ship sinks.

The hermit saves the mariner from his sins, but as a consequence for killing the albatross, he must spread the message of love for all God's creatures.

«“O shrieve me, shrieve me, holy man!”The Hermit crossed his brow.“Say quick,” quoth he,“I bid thee say-what manner of man art thou?”»

PART VII

«“Farewell, farewell! but this I tell to thee, thou Wedding Guest!He prayeth well, who loveth wellboth man and bird and beast.

He prayeth best, who loveth bestall things both great and small;for the dear God who loveth us,He made and loveth all”.

The Mariner whose eye is bright, whose beard with age is hoar, is gone: and now the Wedding Guestturned from the bridegroom’s door.

He went like one that hath been stunned, and is of sense forlorn:a sadder and a wiser man,he rose the morrow morn.»

hoar = whitestunned = shocked, surprisedforlorn = sad, unhappy

The last lines.

The Ancient Mariner essentially preaches respect for all of God’s creatures:

without it imprisonment and its inherent loneliness and torment

are inevitable.

His punishment for killing the albatross is allowed to end

when he recognizes the error of his ways: his task is now to go around the world

teaching what he has learnt on and on and on …

!"#$%&'%()$%*+,"$+(%-./"+$/%"- %&-,29 ?C 2&*( 3,40#(E&%2&N29#"-.&.5%$C =56%#&?%21&;0,=&S5C6,2 "2&5%-6 S,21,2E&;,0=51"2&TUVW&?C&?%--"-6 %21&>0"=%0C-,29@0"650 !65$5&A%00"-<&

D6 "- %&=)-"8%#&05465##"29 ,;&!<:<&X,#50"195Q- #C0"8%# ?%##%1 @."8.)-5- >"585- ,;&6.5&,0"9"2%# >,5=%- #C0"8-<&

3)06.50=,05E&"6&"-&D0,2&'%"152R-&#,295-6&-,29&6,&1%65E&%6&56$-4(7/#'$,(0$68$'#)*(0'$4($.#(9/":::<

7&$"15,&526"6#51&2'30.1($3'(-+*.(4"+$%0.(1,8)=52651&6.5&?%21R-&;"0-6&-.,@-&"2&;*.,(0E&<7(9,&= %21&>?#)"*'.*@,A4,-"285&6.5C&@505&059%0151&%-&!"#$%&'(!$')*+$,*! 6,&6%J5&%&;)##&-6%95&-.,@&&-/*$!"#$.,(!#'-$/0)*E&%&#%21=%0J&%8."5$5=526&%6&6.5&6"=5<

D6 ?5#,29- 6,&6.5&%#?)=&M'N,#%-"1, YTUZ[\E&6.5"0 ;";6. -6)1",&%#?)=#$,285&"6 @%- ;"2"-.51E&&6.5&?%21&?59%2 6.5&5*+61(76%&'+89*"+::.5&6,)0&-6%0651 "2&P%0-%@E&H,#%21&,2 B!"#C797'/$5BD8$%21&52151 "2&D0$"25E&X%#";,02"%&,2&E!" F7.= 5BDEG #%-6"29 665$0,='

%21 6,)8."29 HI$04++#&#(/ )*7(/&4#'1

:.5&8.,"85&,;&6.5&-,29-&@%-&2,6&8%-)%#B

123%4+/%-()5)%6)%75))829%3.-(2:-%5),;)4-<

"6&@%-&?%-51&,2&6.5"0&8,26526&%21&6.5"0&=5--%95E&2%=5#C&6.%6&"6&"-&2585--%0C&;,0&.)=%2"6C&6,&058,92"(5&%21&05->586&5$50C&#"$"29&6."29E&?'50.9#,"5."42.%&"--E&5$50C&#"$"29&805%6)05&@.505$50&6.5C&=%C&#"$5<

:.5&;%"6.;)#25--&,;&6.5&%1%>6%6",2&"-&-60"J"29B&&! 6.5&#C0"8- %05&?%-"8%##C 90,)>51 "26,"26, ;*"+;*"+<;*"+<;*"+<;*"+ 60.'(60.'(#$%.=%#@."#5

#C0"8-@."#5 #0>

#C0"8-#0><

%05&%05&#C0"8- %05&#0><#0><#0> 60.'(

?%-"8%##C 90,)>51%05&?%-"8%##C60.'(#$%.=%# %05&05-50$51 ;,0&6.5&=,-6 -%#"526

=,=526-<

?'%+($3'(+0@'(*;($3'(%.A0'.$(@%+0.'+7''(30#('8'(%#(3'(#$*B#(*.'(*;($3+''/'#@'+0#'#(*.'(*;($3'(C'110.D(D"'#$#:(7$%8(3'+'(%.1(60#$'.($*($3'(.0D3$@%+'#(*;($3'(#'%:(JKL

E)%8(%;$'+(1%8F(1%8(%;$'+(1%8FC'(#$"AG(.*+(H+'%$3(.*+(@*$0*.%#(016'(%#(%(B%0.$'1(#30B("B*.(%(B%0.$'1(*A'%.5%$'+F(C%$'+('&'+8C3'+'(%.1%66($3'(H*%+1#(101(#3+0.G5%$'+F(C%$'+('&'+8C3'+'(.*+(%.8(1+*B($*(1+0.G:E

!! I"*$%$0*.# %#6502%65&@"6.&%#6502%65&@"6.&#8.*B$0A#8.*B$0A B%+$# "2&%?-,#)658,.505285<

EJ.'(%;$'+(*.'(H8($3'(#$%+(1*DD'1(@**.F$**(I"0AG(;*+(D+*%.(*+(#0D3'%A3($"+.'1(30#(;%A'(C0$3(%(D3%#$68(B%.D%.1(A"+#'1(@'(C0$3(30#('8':K*"+($0@'#(;0;$8(60&0.D(@'.L%.1(-(3'%+1(.*+(#0D3(.*+(D+*%.MC0$3(3'%&8($3"@BF(%(60;'6'##(6"@BF$3'8(1+*BB'1(1*C.(*.'(H8(*.':E93'(A"+#'(0$(60&'#(*.(0.($3'0+('8'#93'(@%+0.'+(3'(C0#3'1(3'N1(10'O6*.D(C0$3($3'(#'%(A+'%$"+'#2"$($3'8(60&'1(*.F(#*(101(3':

!! $3'($3'(+38$3@ "- 8,2-"-6526 @"6.&6.5&8,26526B" ,25 "- ;,0&6.5&2%00%6"$5&>%06- %66.5&?59"22"29 %21&%6 6.5&521&,;&6.5&-,29]

" ,25 "- ;,0&6.5&=,-6 10%=%6"8 >%06-]" %&#,29&=)-"8%#&-,#,&

! !"#$%&'()* #+),$)-&!". %/,#+),0%*# #$-.!( 1-**-.)2,!3)3,#+),&)-#+ %/,#+),0-$!")$* %") 45,%")6,

! -((%01-"!)* #+),1-**-.) !#*)7/8+!(+ !* 4%#+ *1%%95 -"&,47%%&:('$&7!".2,8!#+,#+),"%!*)* 0-&),45,#+),($)-9!". 8%%&17-"9* %/,-,*+!1 !",#+),4-(9.$%'"&<

!!P*+1(*;($3'(P*+1(*;($3'(K60'# ?C P"##"%=&/,#1"29]

!!93'(93'(Q3%.$*@Q3%.$*@ *;($3'(JB'+% ?C&/%-6,2&S50,)I]

!!93'(93'(/"+1'+#/"+1'+# 0.($3'(R"'(/*+D"' ?C&N19%0&7##%2&H,5]

!!?'%+$?'%+$ *;(*;()%+G.'## ?C&+,-5>.&X,20%1B

!! -6(.*@'(1'66%(+*#% ?C&^=?506,&N8,<:.5C&10%@&;0,=&."-6,0"8%#&5$526-E&=C6.,#,9CE&6.5&G"?#5&"2&,0150&6,&>)6&"26,&=)-"8&6.5=5-&@."8.&%05&"==,06%#<

:.5&_"=5&"-&,2#C&,25&,;&6.5&=%2C&65I6-&@."8.&.%$5&?58,=5&%&-,)085&,;&"2->"0%6",2&;,0&6.5"0&-,29-B&