the anatomy of the foot and ankle-health conference
DESCRIPTION
2010TRANSCRIPT
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5/7/2010
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The Anatomy of the Foot and Ankle
Dr.Mohana RaoOrthopaedic SurgeonHospital Pulau Pinang
8/5/10Foot and Ankle Symposium, Kangar
Principles
Highly specialized for weight bearing, shock absorption and locomotion.
Arches of foot built on structural engineering principles for transmission of forces and shock absorption.
Anatomy
26 bones(1/4 of bodies total) and 33 joints, >100 muscles and ligaments
Parts
Forefoot Phalanges and metatarsals
Midfoot 5 irregularly shaped tarsal bones 3 cuneiforms, navicular and cuboid
Hindfoot Calcaneum, talus; connects midfoot to ankle joint; composed of subtalar, talonavicular, calcaneocuboid joints
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Muscles and tendons
Medially- behind the medial malleolus
Anteriorly
Laterally- behind the lateral malleolus
Posteriorly
Important ligaments
Medially
Laterally
Syndesmotic
Subtalar
Hindfoot and midfoot
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Layers of the foot- 1st layer Muscles- 1st layer
FDB
AH
FDM brevis
Medisl and lateral plantar nerves between 1st and 2nd layer
2nd layer
FHL
FDL
Quadratus plantae
Lumbricals
Cause of clawing
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3rd layer
FHB
Ad H
FDM brevis
Hallux valgus deforming forces
See the balance
4th layer Nerves
Nerves
Lateral plantar - differential diagnosis for plantar fascitis
Medial plantar passes into the Knot of Henry
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Arteries Arch
Medial longitudinal arch 1st 3rd
metatarsals, cuneiforms, navicular, talus and calcaneus
Lesser longitudinal arch 4th 5th metatarsals, cuboid, calcaneus
Transverse arch Spans midfoot across midtarsal joints, 2nd metatarsal base acting as keystone
Dont forget the balanced tendon
THANK YOU