The Air Around YouThe Air Around You

Atmosphere Atmosphere The layer of gas The layer of gas surrounding the surrounding the earth.earth.

What does What does the the atmosphere atmosphere do for us? do for us?

Earth’s atmosphere makes Earth’s atmosphere makes conditions on Earth suitable conditions on Earth suitable for living things. for living things.

Contains gases we need to Contains gases we need to livelive

Traps energy from the sun Traps energy from the sun and keeps the Earth warm and keeps the Earth warm enough for water to exist as enough for water to exist as a liquid.a liquid.

Protects biotic factors from Protects biotic factors from radiation from the sun.radiation from the sun.

Prevents earth from being hit Prevents earth from being hit by most meteoroids. by most meteoroids.

CompositioComposition of the n of the

AtmosphereAtmosphere

NNitrogen 78%itrogen 78% OOxygen 21%xygen 21% AArgon 0.93%rgon 0.93% CCarbon Dioxide arbon Dioxide

0.038%0.038% Water Vapor (varies)Water Vapor (varies)

N

O

A

C

Why is Earth different?Why is Earth different?

The atmospheres of Venus, Earth, and Mars The atmospheres of Venus, Earth, and Mars were formed in similar ways, so we might were formed in similar ways, so we might expect them to contain similar elements.expect them to contain similar elements.

Pair SharePair Share

1.1. What are the elements in the What are the elements in the air from most abundant to air from most abundant to least abundant?least abundant?

2.2. What is the atmosphere?What is the atmosphere?

3.3. Do other planets have Do other planets have atmospheres?atmospheres?

TTroposphereroposphere SStratospheretratosphere MMesosphereesosphere TThhermosphereermosphere

– IIonosphere onosphere – EExosphere xosphere

– TTasteaste– SSweet weet – MMelon elon – TThhatat– IIss– EExcellent!xcellent!

Layers of the Layers of the atmosphereatmosphere

Where Where we livewe live weatherweather occurs occurs

because water because water vapor is located vapor is located herehere

AirplanesAirplanes fly just fly just above the cloudsabove the clouds–Bill Nye Clip

TroposphereTroposphere

ozone layer ozone layer absorbs absorbs ultraviolet lightultraviolet light

Jets travel hereJets travel here

Figure 1.7Figure 1.7

StratosphereStratosphere

Ozone Ozone Layer Layer

The Ozone Layer is a layer of The Ozone Layer is a layer of O3 molecules that are O3 molecules that are found in the stratosphere. found in the stratosphere.

The ozone layer protects us The ozone layer protects us from harmful UV light from from harmful UV light from the sun. the sun.

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What are the layers in order starting What are the layers in order starting from the Earthfrom the Earth

What is the first layer called and what What is the first layer called and what can be found there?can be found there?

What is the second layer called and What is the second layer called and what can be found there?what can be found there?

mmeteoroids burn upeteoroids burn up Temperature is the Temperature is the

coldestcoldest

Figure 1.7Figure 1.7

MesosphereMesosphere

The hottest The hottest layer of the layer of the atmosphere atmosphere that’s divided that’s divided into two partsinto two parts

Thermosphere Thermosphere

IonosphereIonosphere

Aurora borealis Aurora borealis occurs hereoccurs here

video on the aurora

ExosphereExosphere

Satellites orbit Satellites orbit EarthEarth

Pair SharePair Share1.1. What are the layers in order starting from the What are the layers in order starting from the

EarthEarth

2.2. What is the first layer called and what can be What is the first layer called and what can be found there?found there?

3.3. What is the second layer called and what can be What is the second layer called and what can be found there?found there?

4.4. What is the third layer called and what can be What is the third layer called and what can be found there?found there?

5.5. What is the fourth layer called and what can be What is the fourth layer called and what can be found there? (hint remember there are two found there? (hint remember there are two parts)parts)

Bill Nye Clip- Atmosphere 1Bill Nye Clip

layers rap

1.

2.

3.

4.

Atmospheric Structure Review

Label the layers of the atmosphere below:

1._____________ - contains dust, moisture, weather.

2._____________ - contains protective ozone

3._____________ - coldest layer

4._____________ - contains auroras, high temperature but low heat

Atmospheric Structure Review

Troposphere

Stratosphere

Mesosphere

Thermosphere

A

B

C

Label the major gases of our atmosphere below:

A._____________

B._____________

C._____________

Atmospheric Composition Review

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Argon

The ozone holeThe ozone hole

O OO

What is the ozone hole?What is the ozone hole?

Every spring a hole as big as the USA Every spring a hole as big as the USA develops in the ozone layer above develops in the ozone layer above Antarctica, in the South pole.Antarctica, in the South pole.

A smaller hole develops each year A smaller hole develops each year over the Arctic, at the north pole.over the Arctic, at the north pole.

Loss of the ozone layer occurs when Loss of the ozone layer occurs when more ozone is being destroyed than more ozone is being destroyed than createdcreated

September 2006September 2006

What What causes the causes the

ozone ozone hole?hole?

CFCs (Chloro-Fluro-CFCs (Chloro-Fluro-Carbons).Carbons).

Found in: Found in: – Foam products Foam products (Styrofoam)(Styrofoam) – Aresol Spray Cans Aresol Spray Cans – Old RefrigeratorsOld Refrigerators– Air Conditioning unitsAir Conditioning units

ozone hole videoozone hole video

35 - Discovery of the Ozone Hole video35 - Discovery of the Ozone Hole video

Sources that harm ozone layerSources that harm ozone layer

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What is the ozone hole?What is the ozone hole? What causes the ozone hole?What causes the ozone hole?

Ozone and our healthOzone and our health

Skin cancers, sunburn, eye damage, Skin cancers, sunburn, eye damage, cataractscataracts

estimated 10 % reduction ozone layer estimated 10 % reduction ozone layer 25 25 % increase non-melanoma skin cancer -% increase non-melanoma skin cancer -temperate latitudes by 2050temperate latitudes by 2050

Suppress immune systemSuppress immune system DNA mutation of existing disease bacteria DNA mutation of existing disease bacteria

and virusesand viruses

Ozone and Animals and PlantsOzone and Animals and Plants

UV rays can go through water and kill UV rays can go through water and kill smaller animals or plants called plankton.smaller animals or plants called plankton.– Plankton is the base of the food chain in Plankton is the base of the food chain in

oceans and seas.oceans and seas.– Wales and other fish have plankton as their Wales and other fish have plankton as their

main food.main food. Plants can start to die alsoPlants can start to die also

– Fewer plants then there would be less food in Fewer plants then there would be less food in worldworld

What can be done?What can be done?

Reduce the use of CFCsReduce the use of CFCs They are already banned in aerosols They are already banned in aerosols

(1987)(1987) BUT they are still used as refrigerantsBUT they are still used as refrigerants Do not buy foam products like Do not buy foam products like

Styrofoam cupsStyrofoam cups Recycle fridges and air conditioning Recycle fridges and air conditioning

plantsplants

Total Ozone (Dobson Units)Total Ozone

(Dobson Units)

110 220 330 440 550110 220 330 440 550

September 17, 1979September 17, 1979 October 6,

1986October 6, 1986 September

20, 1993September 20, 1993 September

10, 2000September 10, 2000

September 24, 2006September 24, 2006

Ozone clip 1Ozone clip 1

DiscussionDiscussion

What are some things that you would What are some things that you would like to find more information about?like to find more information about?

What still confuses you?What still confuses you? What are three things you learned What are three things you learned

today?today?