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THE ABILITY OF WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT
OF THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA N 2 KUDUS
IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2011/2012 TAUGHT BY USING
LEET (LABEL, EXPLANATION, EXAMPLE AND TIE-BACK)
BY:
DEWI WULANDARI
NIM 2007-32-242
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
2011
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THE ABILITY OF WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT
OF THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA N 2 KUDUS
IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2011/2012 TAUGHT BY USING
LEET (LABEL, EXPLANATION, EXAMPLE AND TIE-BACK)
SKRIPSI
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program
in English Education
BY:
DEWI WULANDARI
NIM 2007-32-242
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
2011
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MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO:
“Live is study. That learn about what we can see and what we can feel. Study is
process: from we don’t know to be known, from false to be true, from the dark to
be light. Process of means let’s fight to be own self: a potential individual”
DEDICATION:
This skripsi is dedicated to:
1. Her beloved parent (Mr. Sumino and Mrs. Marmi) who
always give the best and support for their children.
2. Her sisters and brother (Puput, Kukuh, Ayu’ and Rizqi)
3. Her beloved friends (Ambar, Ukhfi and Yuli) who
always support her.
4. All her friends in Muria Kudus University
5. Almamater
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6. ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
7. This is to certify that the Sarjana Skripsi of Dewi Wulandari has been
approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining
Committee.
8.
9.
10. Kudus, November 2011
11. First Advisor
12.
13. Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M. Pd
14. NIS. 0610701000001009
15.
16. Kudus, November 2011
17. Second Advisor
18.
19. Mutohhar, S. Pd, M. Pd
20. NIS. 0610701000001204
21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31.
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32. ELDER MEMBERS FOUNDATION OF MURIA KUDUS
UNIVERSITY
33. MURIA KUDUS UNVERSITY
34. TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
35. Campus UMK, Gondang Manis. Bae Kudus PO BOX 53
36. Phone/Fax. (0291) 438229
37. 38.
39. STATEMENT
40. The signature as below:
41. Name : Dewi Wulandari
42. NIM : 2007-32-242
43. Study Program : English Education Deparment
44. Skripsi entitle : The Use of LEET (Label, Explanation, Example and Tie-
Back) in Teaching Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh
Grade Students of SMA 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012
45. It will clarify this skripsi. The skripsi is the result of my own work. As
long as I know, it is not certain material that ever publication or written by
other people to finish study in other university. If this statement is not true,
it is all about my responsibility.
46.
47. Kudus, November 2011
48.
49. Dewi Wulandari
50.
51.
52. CURRICULUM VITAE
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53. 54. Dewi Wulandari was born in Grobogan on June 19 1987. Her nick name is
Dewi. Her father is Mr. Sumino and her mother is Mrs. Marmi. She has
sisters and brother, they are Puput, Kukuh, Ayu’, and Rizqi. Now, she lives
in Pati.
55. In 1992, when she was 5 years old she entered in TK Pertiwi for a year and
graduated from there in 1993. Then, she entered in SD N Cengkalsewu 01,
sukolilo-Pati and graduated in 1999. In 2002 she gradated from SMP N 1
Kayen-Pati. Then, she studied in SMA N 1 Kayen-Pati and got the
graduated from there in 2005. After that, she continued her study in Wahid
Hasyim University Semarang and got the diploma degree from there in
2007.
56. In 2007, she continued to study of English Education Department of
Teacher Training and education Faculty of Muria Kudus University,
during her study in Muria Kudus University at the beginning 2007, she has
been teaching English in SD N Cengkalsewu, Sukolilo-Pati.
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EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Dewi Wulandari (NIM:2007-32-242) has been
approved by the Examining Committee as a requirement for the Sarjana Degree in
teaching of English as a foreign language.
Kudus, February 2012
Thesis Examining Committee:
Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M. Pd Chairperson
NIS. 0610701000001009
Mutohhar, S. Pd, M. Pd Member
NIS. 0610701000001204
Rismiyanto, SS, M. Pd Member
NIS. 0610701000001146
Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M. Pd Member
NIS. 0610713020001020
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M. Pd
NIP. 19560619-198503-1-002
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Her special thanks must first and foremost go to Allah SWT the almighty
and the merciful for the blessing, health, miracle, and inspiration given to her
leading to the completion of this skripsi and finishing her study.
Praise and invocation are also given to our Prophet, Muhammad SAW,
who is always hoped his intercession in the end of the world. Therefore, the writer
would express her appreciation to those who have helped her, namely:
1. Drs. Susilo Raharjo, M. Pd as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
2. Fitri Budi Suryani, SS, M. Pd as the Head of English Education Department.
3. Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M. Pd as the first advisor for her valuable help,
guidance, correction, and suggestions for completion of this skripsi.
4. Mutohhar, S. Pd, M. Pd as the second advisor for his best suggestions,
guidance, and motivation in finishing this skripsi.
5. Drs. M. Zainuri, M. Si as headmaster of SMA 2 Kudus for giving his
permission to conduct her research.
6. Agustini Dwi Artanti as the English teacher of SMA 2 Kudus for her helps,
and all of the students of SMA 2 Kudus for helping her in collecting the data.
7. Her beloved parents who always give support, motivation and moral
encouragement to finish her study.
8. Her sisters and brother, Puput, Kukuh, Ayu’ and Rizqi, thanks for their helps,
support and affection.
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9. Her lovely friends, thanks for their helps, support, and affection.
Those cannot be mentioned one by one for the support. The writer realizes
that this research paper is far from being perfect. Therefore, she hopes any
constructive criticism and suggestions from the readers. Hopefully, this skripsi be
useful for everyone.
Kudus, November 2011
The writer
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ABSTRACT
Wulandari, Dewi. 2011. The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the
Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2011/2012 Taught by Using LEET (Label, Explanation, Example and
Tie-back). Skripsi. English Education Department. Teacher Training
and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Dra.
Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M. Pd. (ii) Mutohhar, S. Pd, M. Pd.
Keywords: Writing, Analytical Exposition Text, LEET
Writing is usually considered as the most difficult skill to master for the
students who are learning English. It has many complex processes such as
prewriting, drafting, editing, and revising. Based on the KTSP (school based
curriculum), the most recent curriculum used in schools in Indonesia, takes the
genre approach. One of the genres introduced in the eleventh year of senior high
school is analytical exposition. In fact, the writer found some problems in
conveying the English material to the students. Besides structure and vocabulary,
the students get difficulties in generating idea. Because of those, an effort done to
solve the problem is by using LEET. LEET can help the students to organize their
thoughts. It is effective way to improve the ability in writing analytical exposition
text.
The purposes of this study are to find out, first, the ability in writing
analytical exposition text of the eleventh grade students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the
academic year 2011/2012 who are before being taught by using LEET. The
second, the ability in writing analytical exposition text of the eleventh grade
students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the academic year 2011/2012 who are taught by
using LEET. The third is to find out whether there is significant difference
between the ability in writing analytical exposition text of the eleventh grade
students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the academic year 2011/2012 who are before and
after being taught by using LEET.
Subject of this research were eleventh grade students of SMA N 2 Kudus
in the academic year 2011/2012 with the number of students was 32 students from
the population 298 students chosen randomly. The design of this research is
experimental research. The instrument used to collect the data is written test.
The result of this study shows that the students’ ability in writing analytical
exposition text before being taught by using LEET is fair (Mean 69.53 and
Standard deviation 5.4). Meanwhile, the students’ ability in writing analytical
exposition text after being taught by using LEET is good (Mean 77.97 and
Standard deviation 5.82). From this data result, it can be shown that the score of
post test is higher than pretest. The result of t-observation is higher than t-table
that uses level of significant 5% (11.43>2.04).
Based on the findings some recommendations are proposed. English teacher should use LEET as prewriting technique in process of learning English.
The writer also recommends the students to apply LEET to help them improving
their writing ability.
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ABSTRAKSI
Wulandari, Dewi. 2011.Kemampuan Menulis Teks Analytical Exposition pada
siswa kelas XI SMA N 2 Kudus Tahun Pelajaran 2011/2012 Diajar
Menggunakan LEET (Label, Explanation, Example dan Tie-back).
Skripsi. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan
dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (i) Dra.
Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M. Pd. (ii) Mutohhar, S. Pd, M. Pd.
Kata Kunci: Menulis, Teks analytical Exposition, LEET
Menulis dianggap sebagai kemampuan yang paling sulit dikuasai oleh
siswa yang belajar bahasa inggris. Terdapat banyak proses yang kompleks dalam
menulis seperti tahapan sebelum menulis, draf, edit dan revisi. Berdasarkan KTSP
(Kurikulul Tingkat Satuan pendidikan), kurikulum yang baru-baru ini paling
banyak digunakan di sekolah-seekolah di Indonesia yang memakai pendekatan
jenis teks. Salah satu jenis teks yang diajarkan di kelas XI adalah analytical
exposition. Pada kenyataanya, penulis menemukan beberapa masalah dalam
penyampaian materi kepada siswa. Selain tata bahasa dan kosakata, siswa
kesulitan mengembangkan ide. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan usaha untuk mengatasi
masalah ini yakni dengan menggunakan LEET. LEET dapat digunakan untuk
mebantu siswa mengorganisasikan pemikiran mereka. LEET merupakan cara yang
efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis teks analytical exposition.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: pertama, kemampuan
menulis teks analytical exposition siswa kelas XI SMA N 2 Kudus tahun pelajaran
2011/2012 yang diajar sebelum menggunakan LEET. Kedua adalah kemampuan
menulis teks analytical exposition siswa kelas XI SMA N 2 Kudus tahun pelajaran
2011/2012 yang diajar menggunakan LEET. Ketiga adalah apakah ada perbedeaan
yang signifiksn antara kemampuan menulis teks analytical exposition siswa kelas
XI SMA N 2 Kudus tahun pelajaran 2011/2012 yang diajar sebelum menggunakan
LEET dan setelah menggunakan LEET.
Subjek dari penelitian ini adalahsiswa kelas XI SMA N 2 Kudus tahaun
pelajaran 2011/2012 dengan jumlah siswa 32 dari 298 siswa yang dipilih secara
acak. Desain dari penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental. Alat yang
digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah tes tertulis.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam
menulis teks analytical exposition sebelum menggunakan LEET adalah cukup
(Mean 69,53 and Standard deviation 5,4). sedangkan hasil kemampuan siswa
dalam menulis teks analytical exposition setelah menggunakan LEET adalah
bagus (Mean 77,97 and Standard deviation 5,82). berdasarkan hasil data, dapat di
ketahui bahwa nilai posttest lebih tinggi daripada pretest. Hasil dari t-observasi
lebih tinggi daripada t-tabel dengan taraf signifikan 5% (11,43>2,04).
Berdasarkan hasil yang telah dibahas, beberapa rekomendasi disarankan. Guru bahasa Inggris seharusnya menggunakan LEET sebagai tteknik prewriting
dalam pembelajaran. Penulis juga merekomendasikan siswa untuk
mengaplikasikan LEET guna meningkatkan kemampuan menulis mereka.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COVER ............................................................................................................. i
LOGO ............................................................................................................... ii
TITLE ................................................................................................................ iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ................................................................................ iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL...................................................................................... v
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ xi
LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................. xiv
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................... xv
LIST OF APPENDICES ......................................................................................... xvi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Research ...................................................................... 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem .......................................................................... 4
1.3 Purpose of the Research ............................................................................ 4
1.4 Significance of the Research ....................................................................... 5
1.5 Scope of the Research ................................................................................ 5
1.6 Definition of the Term ................................................................................ 6
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE AND HYPHOTHESIS
2.1 Teaching English for Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus .................... 8
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2.1.1 The Purpose of Teaching English for Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2
Kudus ............................................................................................................ 9
2.1.2 The Material of English Teaching for Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2
Kudus ............................................................................................................ 9
2.1.3 The Method of Teaching English in SMA N 2 Kudus ....................................... 10
2.2 Definition of Writing ......................................................................................... 11
2.2.1 Writing Process .............................................................................................. 13
2.2.2 Characteristic of Good Writing ....................................................................... 14
2.3 Analytical Exposition as Genre .......................................................................... 15
2.3.1 Types of Genre ............................................................................................... 15
2.3.2 Constructing of Analytical Exposition Text ..................................................... 16
2.3.3 Language Features of Analytical Exposition ................................................... 16
2.3.4 The Generic Structure of an Analytical Exposition ......................................... 17
2.3.5 The Social Function of Analytical Exposition .................................................. 17
2.3.6 Model of Analytical Exposition Text ............................................................... 18
2.4 LEET as a Technique of Teaching Writing Analytical Exposition ........................ 18
2.4.1 The Application of LEET in Teaching Writing Analytical Exposition ................ 21
2.5 Review of Previous Research Finding ................................................................ 23
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2.6 Theoretical Framework ..................................................................................... 23
2.7 Hypothesis ....................................................................................................... 25
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 Design of the Research ..................................................................................... 26
3.2 Population and Sample ..................................................................................... 27
3.3 Instrument of the Research .............................................................................. 28
3.4 Technique of Collecting the Data ...................................................................... 31
3.5 Technique of Analyzing Data ............................................................................. 31
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH
4.1 Research Finding ............................................................................................... 35
4.1.1 The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade
Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 Before Being
Taught by Using LEET .................................................................................... 35
4.1.2 The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade
Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 After Being
Taught by Using LEET .................................................................................... 37
4.2 Hypothesis Testing ............................................................................................ 39
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION
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5.1 The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade
Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 before Being
Taught by Using LEET .................................................................................... 41
5.2 The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade
Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 after Being
Taught by Using LEET ...................................................................................... 42
5.3 The Difference of the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the
Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2011/2012 between before and after Being Taught by Using LEET ................ 42
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
6.1 Conclusion ......................................................................................................... 44
6.2 Suggestion ......................................................................................................... 44
BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................ 46
APPENDICES
CURRICULUM VITAE
xii
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
2.1 Two Kinds of Genre ........................................................................................... 16
3.1 The Criterion of the Ability in Writing Analytical Exposition ............................. 29
3.2 The Criterion of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the
Academic Year 2011/2012 Taught by Using LEET ............................................ 33
4.1 The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade
Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 before
Treatment ....................................................................................................... 36
4.2 The Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text
of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2011/2012 Before Being Taught by Using LEET .............................................. 36
4.3 The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade
Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 after
Treatment ....................................................................................................... 38
4.4 The Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text
of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2010/2011 after Being Taught by Using LEET .................................................. 38
4.5 The Summary of T-test Result of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA 2
Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 .......................................................... 40
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LIST OF FIGURE
Figure Page
2.1 Model of Analytical Exposition Text ................................................................... 18
2.2 Relationship between LEET technique and Generic Structure of Analytical
Exposition ........................................................................................................... 22
3.1 Diagram one group design of experiment with pretest and posttest................. 27
4.1 The Diagram of the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh
Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 Before
Being Taught by Using LEET ................................................................................ 37
4.2 The Diagram of the ability of writing analytical exposition text of the eleventh
grade students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the academic year 2011/2012 after Being
Taught by Using LEET ......................................................................................... 39
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Page
Appendix 1 The syllabus of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus ......... 47
Appendix 2 The Lesson Plan of Teaching Analytical Exposition Text Taught by
Using LEET for the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in
the Academic Year 2011/2012 (first and second meeting) .............. 48
Appendix 3 The Lesson Plan of Teaching Analytical Exposition Text Taught by
Using LEET for the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in
the Academic Year 2011/2012 (third and fourth meeting) .............. 51
Appendix 4 The Lesson Plan of Teaching Analytical Exposition Text Taught by
Using LEET for the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in
the Academic Year 2011/2012 (fifth and sixth meeting) .................. 56
Appendix 5 Test of writing Analytical Exposition Text (pre-test) ............................ 59
Appendix 6 Test of writing Analytical Exposition Text (post-test) ........................... 60
Appendix 7 The Calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of the Pretest the
Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade
Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012
Taught by Using LEET ....................................................................... 61
Appendix 8 The Calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of the Posttest of
the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh
Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2011/2012 Taught by Using LEET ..................................................... 64
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Appendix 9 The Pre Test Score of Writing Test Taught by Using LEET .................... 67
Appendix 10 The Post Test Score of Writing Test Taught by Using LEET ................. 68
Appendix 11 The Difference of Pretest and Posttest Scores ................................... 69
Appendix 12 The T-Test of the Mean of Pretest and Posttest Scores Measuring
the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh
Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2010/2011 Taught by Using LEET ..................................................... 70
Appendix 13 The Value of T-Table for Any Number Degree of Freedom ................ 72