the abbasid empire at its peak
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The Abbasid Empire at Its Peak. Islamic Heartlands in the Abbasid Eras. Abbasids build capitol in Baghdad Al-Mahdi (775-785) Shi’a unreconciled Succession not secure. Extravagance and Succession Disputes. Harun al-Rashid Son of al-Mahdi Flourishing of arts The Thousand and One Nights - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
The Abbasid Empire at Its Peak
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Islamic Heartlands in the Abbasid Eras
Abbasids build capitol in Baghdad Al-Mahdi (775-785)
Shi’a unreconciled Succession not secure
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Extravagance and Succession Disputes
Harun al-Rashid Son of al-Mahdi Flourishing of arts
The Thousand and One Nights Death followed by civil war
Al-Ma'mun Sons built mercenary force Out of control
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Imperial Breakdown andAgrarian Disorder
• Civil unrest• Caliphs:
built lavishly & supported mercenaries tax burden increased agriculture suffered
Infra-structure collapsed
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Declining Position of Women
Seclusion, veilPolygynyMore freedom for slave women
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Nomadic Incursions
Former provinces threaten AbbasidsBuyids, Persia
Take Baghdad, 945 “Sultans” = victorious
Seljuk Turks 1055, defeat Buyids Sunnis
Purged Shi’a officials Defeated Byzantines & Egyptians
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Crusades
1096, 1st Crusade Middle East invaded by Christian knights Small kingdoms established
8 Crusades Spanned 200 years
3rd Crusade Saladin vs. King Richard
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Impact of Crusades
Sparked: greater trade w/ Europe Animosity btwn. Christians & Muslims
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Age of Learning and Art
Urban growthMerchants thrive
Baghdad, before destruction by Mongols:
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Flowering of Persian Literature
Persian the court language Administration, literature
Arabic in religion, law, sciencesCalligraphyFirdawsi
Shah-Nama
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Shah-Nama
Epic poem History of Persia Often set to music Inspired exquisite illustrations
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Flowering of Persian Literature
Omar Kayyan (Khayyam) Rubaiyat Blend of mystical & commonplace
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Achievements in Math
MathBuilt on Greek workAl-Jabr
“algebra”
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Achievements in the Sciences
Chemistry 1st to conduct experiments
Al-Razi’s classifications animal, vegetable, mineral
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
The Spread of Islam,10th-16th Centuries
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Achievements in the Sciences
Medicine Hospitals Courses of study
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Religious Trends and the New Push for Expansion
Sufis Mysticism
Ulama Conservative Against outside influence Greek philosophy rejected
Qur'an sufficient
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
New Waves of Nomadic Invasions and the End of the Caliphate
Mongols Chinggis Khan Largest contiguous empire
1258, Baghdad fell to Mongols Last Abbasid killed
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Mongols conquering Baghdad
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Indian Influences on Islamic Civilization
Science, math, medicine, music, astronomy