the 3rd generation biorefinery; conversion of residual

The 3rd Generation Biorefinery;

Conversion of Residual Lignocellulosic

Biomass to Advanced Liquid Biofuels,

Biochemicals, Biocoal and Fibres

Pasi Rousu; President, Chempolis Asia & Pacific

[email protected]; Tel +358 (0)10 387 6666

CONTENT OF THE PRESENTATION

• Background information about Chempolis

• Why should non-food raw materials be used?

• Why should 3G biorefining be selected?

Copyright © 2012 Chempolis. All Rights Reserved.

3G formico® BIOREFINERIESMAKE SUSTAINABLE RESULTS

SocialSustainability

EnvironmentalSustainability

EconomicalSustainability

endproducts

rawmaterials

formico®

biorefineries

formico®

technologies

Economical sustainability• highly profitable• low operating and investment costs• many high quality products• true 3G platform

Non-wood and Non-Food biomasses Bioethanol, Biochemicals and Paperfibres

Environmental sustainability• use of residual biomasses• preservation of food, forests, water & fossils• effluent free and reduction of CO2

• reduction of pollute burning of biomass in fields• nutrient circulation as organic fertilizer

Social sustainability• food for people not for cars• local farming and supply of biomass• local production and use of products


THE BIOREFINING TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

Chempolis is private independent medium sized company (est. 1995) who supplies sustainable globally patented biorefining technologies, which has been acknowledged by World Bank, DoE, UPM, BASF & many customers

• formicofib™ the non-wood fibre technology

• formicobio™ the cellulosic ethanol technologyCopyright © 2012 Chempolis. All Rights Reserved.

CHEMPOLIS IN BRIEF

• Chempolis, established in 1995 in Finland, is a technology leader providing

innovative and sustainable solutions for the biofuel, alcohol, sugar, palm oil,

energy, biomass, paper and (petro)chemical industries.

• Chempolis’ mission is to save natural resources, combat climate change and

reduce environmental pollution

• Chempolis’ core products are formico® biorefining technologies, which enable economical, energy-efficient and environmentally sustainable production of

advanced non-food biofuels, biochemicals, biocoal and high quality fibres

• The key features of Chempolis’ technologies have been recognized and awarded both in Finland and internationally

• Chempolis’ third generation formico® technologies are now ready to be used

in industrial production of cellulosic ethanol, platform chemicals, biocoaland fibres

• Chempolis owns and operates 3G biorefinery in Finland


CO2 EMISSION REDUCTIONS VS. VARIOUS BIOETHANOL PROSESSES

• Cellulosic ethanol can considerably reduce consumption of fossil fuels and CO2 emissions of traffic

• Food-based biofuels cannot considerably reduce CO2

emissions

• Food crops are wrong raw materials for biofuels and for the replacement of fossils

Source: Renewable Fuel Standard Program (RFS2) Regulatory Impact Analysis. United States Environmental Protection Agency


FEEDSTOCKS

• Sustainable availability in long term perspective

• Non food residue, which does not compete in land use

• Need to be secured in low price and large quantity

• Nutrient circulation

• Rice and wheat straw, corn stover, EFB, OPF, bagasse are the most potential raw materials and not well utilized

• However competition with biomass power takes place

• Lack of power in many countries

• Switch from fossils to biomass

• Condensing power ???

It is crucial to identify the most sustainable use of biomass in long term perspective


GLOBAL POTENTIAL OF NON-FOOD RAW MATERIALS

Sources:

- FAO statistical yearbook

- Key World Energy Statistics from the IEA

- Berndes et al. Biomass and bioenergy

25(2003):1-28

100 EJ = 2388 Mtoe


YIELD OF BIOMASS [BDMt/a] IN SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES


Cereal straw

Bagasse EFB

China 726 19 -

India 371 43 -

Indonesia 126 4 10

Malaysia 4 - 10

Philippiness 33 5 -

Thailand 54 10 -

Generation of agricultural residues sums up to 1415 BDMt/a. Usage of 30 % of such residues in 3G biorefining would enable bioethanol production of 68 Mt/a in ca. 1360 biorefineries

YIELD OF BIOMASS [BDMt/a] IN SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES


Biomasses in India:

• Generation of agricultural residues

BDMT/a: 413.3• Straw and bagasse

• If 27 % of the available residues were used in 3G biorefining

• it would enable bioethanol production of 18 Mt/a ethanol in ca. 400 biorefineries

• Replace completely gasoline by ethanol and reduce imports of crude oil by 25%

• Reduce CO2 emissions by 40 Mt/a

Biomasses in China:


BDMT/a: 744.5• Straw and bagasse


• it would enable bioethanol production of 36 Mt/a ethanol in ca. 720 biorefineries

• Replace 37 % of gasoline by cellulosic ethanol and replace current unprofitable 1G ethanol production


Biomasses in Thailand:


BDMT/a: 64• Straw and bagasse


• it would enable bioethanolproduction of 3 Mt/a ethanol in ca. 60 biorefineries

• Replace 40 % of gasoline by cellulosic ethanol and replace current unprofitable 1G ethanol production


Biomasses in Philippines:

• Generation of agricultural residues BDMT/a: 38.3

• Straw and bagasse• If 30 % of the available residues were

used in 3G biorefining• it would enable bioethanol production

of 1.8 Mt/a ethanol in ca. 36 biorefineries

Biomasses in Malaysia:

• Generation of agricultural residues BDMT/a: 13.9

• Straw and EFB• If 30 % of the available residues were

used in 3G biorefining• it would enable bioethanol production

of 0.7 Mt/a ethanol in ca. 14 biorefineries

Biomasses in Indonesia:

• Generation of agricultural residues BDMT/a: 140

• Straw, EFB and bagasse• If 30 % of the available residues were

used in 3G biorefining• it would enable bioethanol

production of 6.7 Mt/a ethanol in ca. 1434 biorefineries

Paper fibresPaper, board, tissue

High value fibresViscose, CMC, Nano

Glucose Ethanol, butanol

Lactic acid, succinic acid

Pentose sugarsXylose, arabinose

Platform chemicalsAcetic acid, furfural

LigninPolymers, plastics

BiocoalSteam, electricity

NutrientsFertilizer

Cellulose Products

Hemicelluloses Products

Lignin Products

Non-Food and Non-Wood biomass

Cellulose

Hemicellulose

Lignin, nutrients

formico® - THE TRUE 3G PLATFORM

3G formico® biorefinery integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fibres, multiple fuels, power, heat and chemicals from biomass

3G formico® biorefinery concept is analogous to today's petroleum refinery, which produces multiple fuels and products from petroleum


WHY 3G formicobio™ IS SUPERIOR SOLUTION FOR CELLULOSIC ETHANOL

• Innovative biosolvent selectively fractionates biomass to its key components:cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and ash• Generates 40 % more sales revenues than 2G technologies due to high

conversion rates and multi product platform

• Low pressure and temperature operation

• Energy self-sufficiency and no need of fossil fuels

• No pollution; full recovery of chemicals and water

• 95-98 % removal of lignin and hemicellulose

• Hydrolysis of clean open structure cellulose fibre to glucose is very easy and less enzymes are needed

• Fermentation of pure glucose is easy

• Proven in mill scale in Finland


formicobio™ TECHNOLOGY

formicodeli™ Washing Hydrolysis

Evaporation formicopure™

Power

plant

Dry biofuel

Non-food

biomass

WaterBiosolvent

Acetic acid

Furfural

Fermentation &

distillation

Ethanol

Water


WHY 3G BIOREFINERY?

• Global, mandated demand for products of biorefineries, especially advanced biofuels

• formicobio™ integrates social, environmental and economic sustainability

• Approx. +40 % higher sales revenues than in 2G

• Approx. -15 % lower operation cost than in 2G

• Outstanding profit and short payback time

• Proven


1G

2G

Food for ethanol

Biomass to ethanol

3Gbiomass

to bioproductsand biofuels

EVOLUTION OF BIOREFININGTECHNOLOGIES


SUMMARY

• formicobio™ - the 3G biorefining technology is the future but available already today delivering high sustainability

– High conversion of products give 40 % more revenues than competing technologies

– Approx 15 % lower operation cost than competing technologies

– Energy self-sufficient, low carbon technology

– Effluent free with minimal water use

– Platform technology

• Integrates social, environmental and economical

sustainability

• Short payback time


CONCLUSIONS

• Liquid transportation fuels, especially cellulosic ethanol, are needed to reduce the dependency on fossils

• Biomass conversion value should be as high as possible

• “Wrong” use of biomass should be avoided

• Food based biofuels are the first step to start, which after biorefineries will take place

• Cellulosic ethanol demonstration projects should be quickly executed in each country

• Only first projects need finance, which after business is sustainable!

• Great interest in Asia!Copyright © 2012 Chempolis. All Rights Reserved.

The future is

BIOREFININGPasi Rousu, President

Chempolis Asia & Pacific

[email protected]

the 3rd generation biorefinery; conversion of residual

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