testout linux pro – english 4.2...testout linux pro – english 4.2.x objective mappings: testout...

TestOut Linux Pro – English 4.2.x

Objective Mappings:

TestOut Linux Pro CompTIA LX0-103CompTIA LX0-104

Revised: 2017-10-20

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Contents This document contains four objective mappings. Click on a mapping to view its contents. Objective Mapping: LabSim Section to TestOut Linux Pro Objective ........................................................................................................................................... 3

Objective Mapping: TestOut Linux Pro Objective to LabSim Section ......................................................................................................................................... 11

Objective Mapping: LabSim Section to LX0-103 and LX0-104 Objectives ................................................................................................................................ 14

Objective Mapping: LX0-103 Objective to LabSim Section .......................................................................................................................................................... 58

Objective Mapping: LX0-104 Objective to LabSim Section .......................................................................................................................................................... 68


Objective Mapping: LabSim Section to TestOut Linux Pro Objective Section Title Objectives for Linux Pro

0.0 Introduction

0.1 Introduction

1.0

1.1 The Shell 1.0 Command Line

Use command-line utilities to get help with Linux commands. Configure and use Linux shell environments.

1.2 Linux Help

1.3 Text Editors 1.0 Command Line

View the contents of text files. Use the vi editor to create and edit text files.

1.4 Aliases

1.5 Environment Variables 1.0 Command Line

Manage environment variables from the command line.

1.6 Shell Configuration Files

1.7 Redirection and Piping 3.0 File System Management

Create, copy, move, and delete directories in the file system. Create, copy, move, and delete files in the file system.


1.8 Directories 3.0 File System Management

View information about directories and files in the file system. Create, copy, move, and delete directories in the file system.

1.9 Files 3.0 File System Management

View information about directories and files in the file system. Create, copy, move, and delete files in the file system.

1.10 Links 3.0 File System Management

Create and manage hard and symbolic link files.

1.11 Filesystem Hierachy Standard (FHS) 3.0 File System Management

Use the Linux Filesystem Hierarchy Standard.

1.12 Locating and Searching Files

2.0 Installation and Localization

2.1 Linux System Design

2.2 Linux Installation

2.3 Localization

3.0 Boot and Shutdown

3.1 Linux Boot Process


3.2 Bootloaders 4.0 Boot Configuration

Manage bootloader configurations.

3.3 systemd 4.0 Boot Configuration

View and manage runlevels or boot targets for system services. Set the default system runlevel or boot target.

3.4 System Services 5.0 Process Management

Start, stop, and restart system services.

3.5 System Shutdown 1.0 Command Line

Shut down and restart the system.

5.0 Process Management

Start, stop, and restart system services.

4.0 User Interfaces and Desktops

4.1 X Window System

4.2 Display Managers

4.3 Accessibility

5.0 Software Installation


5.1 Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) 6.0 Package Management

Install, remove, and update packages with the RPM command.

5.2 Online Package Installation 6.0 Package Management

Install, remove, and update RPM packages with DNF.

5.3 Debian Package Manager (dpkg)

5.4 Shared Libaries

6.0 Users and Groups

6.1 User and Group Overview

6.2 User Management 7.0 User and Group Management

Create and manage user accounts. Manage user passwords. Manage user access.

6.3 Group Management 7.0 User and Group Management

Create and manage groups. Create and manage user accounts. Manage user passwords. Manage user access.

7.0 Disk and File System Management


7.1 MBR Disk Partitions 2.0 Storage Device Management

Create and manage hard disk partitions. Create and manage disk file systems.

7.2 GUID Partitions 2.0 Storage Device Management

Create and manage hard disk partitions. Create and manage disk file systems.

7.3 Logical Volume Manager 2.0 Storage Device Management

Create and manage hard disk partitions. Create and manage disk file systems. Mount and unmount devices in the file system.

7.4 File Systems 2.0 Storage Device Management

Create and manage swap partitions.

7.5 Mounting File Systems 2.0 Storage Device Management

Mount and unmount devices in the file system.

7.6 File System Maintenance 3.0 File System Management

View disk space usage statistics.

7.7 Disk Quotas 3.0 File System Management

Implement disk quotas.

7.8 Ownership 8.0 User Access Management


Manage directory and file ownership for users and groups.

7.9 Permissions 8.0 User Access Management

Manage directory and file permissions for users and groups.

7.10 umask 8.0 User Access Management

Configure umask values.

7.11 Special Permissions 8.0 User Access Management

Use special permissions.

7.12 Archive and Backup 3.0 File System Management

Create and manage archive files.

8.0 Hardware Installation

8.1 Device Drivers 5.0 Process Management

Manage kernel modules.

8.2 Kernel Module Management 5.0 Process Management

Manage kernel modules.

8.3 Hotplug and Coldplug Devices

9.0 Processes and System Services


9.1 Processes 5.0 Process Management

Monitor and manage running processes.

9.2 Process Management 5.0 Process Management

Monitor and manage running processes.

9.3 Task Management

9.4 Print Management 9.0 Network and Print Configuration Management

Configure and manage print jobs.

9.5 System Time Configuration

9.6 Mail Transfer Agent (MTA)

9.7 Structured Query Language (SQL)

10.0 System Monitoring

10.1 System Logging

10.2 Scripting

10.3 Text Stream Processing

11.0 Networking

11.1 IPv4 Overview

11.2 Network Interface Configuration 9.0 Network and Print Configuration Management


Enable or disable network interfaces.

11.3 IPv6 Overview

11.4 Routing Configuration

11.5 Hostname and DNS Configuration

11.6 Network Troubleshooting

12.0 Security

12.1 Root Usage

12.2 User Security and Restriction 7.0 User and Group Management


12.3 Login Blocking

12.4 Network Security

12.5 xinetd Super Daemon

12.6 OpenSSH

12.7 SSH Port Tunneling

12.8 Public Key Authentication

12.9 Gnu Privacy Guard (GnuPG)


Objective Mapping: TestOut Linux Pro Objective to LabSim Section Linux Pro Exam Objective Module.Section

1.0 Command Line

Use command-line utilities to get help with Linux commands. View the contents of text files. Manage environment variables from the command line. Configure and use Linux shell environments. Use the vi editor to create and edit text files. Shut down and restart the system.

1.1, 1.3, 1.5 3.5

2.0 Storage Device Management

Create and manage hard disk partitions. Create and manage disk file systems. Mount and unmount devices in the file system. Create and manage swap partitions.

7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5

3.0 File System Management

View information about directories and files in the file system. Use the Linux Filesystem Hierarchy Standard. Create, copy, move, and delete directories in the file system. Create, copy, move, and delete files in the file system. Create and manage hard and symbolic link files. View disk space usage statistics. Implement disk quotas. Create and manage archive files.

1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 1.10, 1.11 7.6, 7.7, 7.12

4.0 Boot Configuration

Manage bootloader configurations. View and manage runlevels or boot targets for system services.

3.2, 3.3


Set the default system runlevel or boot target.


Start, stop, and restart system services. View and manage runlevels for system services. Monitor and manage running processes. Manage kernel modules.

3.4, 3.5 8.1, 8.2 9.1, 9.2

6.0 Package Management

Install, remove, and update packages with the RPM command. Install, remove, and update RPM packages with DNF.

5.1, 5.2

7.0 User and Group Management


6.2, 6.3 12.2

8.0 User Access Management

Manage directory and file ownership for users and groups. Manage directory and file permissions for users and groups. Configure umask values. Use special permissions.

7.8, 7.9, 7.10, 7.11

9.0 Network and Print Configuration Management

Enable or disable network interfaces. Configure and manage print jobs.

9.4, 11.2


Objective Mapping: LabSim Section to LX0-103 and LX0-104 Objectives Section Title Objectives for LX0-103 exam Objectives for LX0-104 exam

0.0 Introduction

0.1 Introduction

1.0

1.1 The Shell 103.1 Work on the command line.

Use single shell commands and one line command sequences to perform basic tasks on the command line.

Use and modify the shell environment including defining, referencing and exporting environment variables.

Use and edit command history. Invoke commands inside and

outside the defined path. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o bash o echo o env o export o pwd o set o unset o man o uname o history o .bash_history

105.1 Customize and use the shell environment.

Set environment variables (e.g. PATH) at login or when spawning a new shell.

Write BASH functions for frequently used sequences of commands.

Maintain skeleton directories for new user accounts. Set command search path with the proper directory. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o Source o /etc/bash.bashrc o /etc/profile o env o export o set o unset o ~/.bash_profile o ~/.bash_login o ~/.profile o ~/.bashrc o ~/.bash_logout o function o alias o lists

1.2 Linux Help 103.1 Work on the command line.






used files, terms and utilities: o bash o echo o env o export o pwd o set o unset o man o uname o history o .bash_history

1.3 Text Editors 103.1 Work on the command line.





used files, terms and utilities: o bash o echo


o env o export o pwd o set o unset o man o uname o history o .bash_history

103.8 Perform basic file editing operations using vi.

Navigate a document using vi. Use basic vi modes. Insert, edit, delete, copy and find

text. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o vi o /, ? o h,j,k,l o i, o, a o c, d, p, y, dd, yy o ZZ, :w!, :q!, :e!

1.4 Aliases





utilities: o Source o /etc/bash.bashrc o /etc/profile o env o export o set


o unset o ~/.bash_profile o ~/.bash_login o ~/.profile o ~/.bashrc o ~/.bash_logout o function o alias o lists

1.5 Environment Variables






1.6 Shell Configuration Files







1.7 Redirection and Piping

103.4 Use streams, pipes and redirects.

Redirecting standard input, standard output and standard error.

Pipe the output of one command to the input of another command.

Use the output of one command as arguments to another command.

Send output to both stdout and a file. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o tee o xargs

o

1.8 Directories 103.3 Perform basic file management.

Copy, move and remove files and directories individually.

Copy multiple files and directories recursively.

o


Remove files and directories recursively.

Use simple and advanced wildcard specifications in commands.

Using find to locate and act on files based on type, size, or time.

Usage of tar, cpio, and dd. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o cp o find o mkdir o mv o ls o rm o rmdir o touch o tar o cpio o dd o file o gzip o gunzip o bzip2 o xz o file globbing

1.9 Files 103.3 Perform basic file management.







used files, terms and utilities: o cp

o


o find o mkdir o mv o ls o rm o rmdir o touch o tar o cpio o dd o file o gzip o gunzip o bzip2 o xz o file globbing

1.10 Links 104.6 Create and change hard and symbolic links.

Create links. Identify hard and/or soft links. Copying versus linking files. Use links to support system

administration tasks. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o ln o ls

o

1.11 Filesystem Hierachy Standard (FHS)

104.7 Find system files and place files in the correct location.

Understand the correct locations of files under the FHS.

Find files and commands on a Linux system.

Know the location and propose of important file and directories as defined in the FHS.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o find

o


o locate o updatedb o whereis o which o type o /etc/updatedb.conf

1.12 Locating and Searching Files

103.3 Perform basic file management.







used files, terms and utilities: o cp o find o mkdir o mv o ls o rm o rmdir o touch o tar o cpio o dd o file o gzip o gunzip o bzip2 o xz o file globbing

103.7 Search text files using regular expressions.

o


Create simple regular expressions containing several notational elements.

Use regular expression tools to perform searches through a filesystem or file content.


o grep o egrep o fgrep o sed o regex(7)

104.7 Find system files and place files in the correct location.

Understand the correct locations of files under the FHS.

Find files and commands on a Linux system.

Know the location and propose of important file and directories as defined in the FHS.


o find o locate o updatedb o whereis o which o type o /etc/updatedb.conf

2.0 Installation and Localization

2.1 Linux System Design

102.1 Design hard disk layout. o


Allocate filesystems and swap space to separate partitions or disks.

Tailor the design to the intended use of the system.

Ensure the /boot partition conforms to the hardware architecture requirements for booting.

Knowledge of basic features of LVM. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o / (root) filesystem o /var filesystem o /home filesystem o /boot filesystem o swap space o mount points o partitions

2.2 Linux Installation 102.1 Design hard disk layout.






o

2.3 Localization

107.3 Localization and internationalization.

Configure locale settings and environment variables.


Configure timezone settings and environment variables. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o /etc/timezone o /etc/localtime o /usr/share/zoneinfo o Environment variables:

LC_* LC_ALL LANG TZ

o /usr/bin/locale o tzselect o tzconfig o date o iconv o UTF-8 o ISO-8859 o ASCII o Unicode

3.0 Boot and Shutdown

3.1 Linux Boot Process

101.2 Boot the system.

Provide common commands to the boot loader and options to the kernel at boot time.

Demonstrate knowledge of the boot sequence from BIOS to boot completion.

Understanding of SysVinit and systemd.

Awareness of Upstart. Check boot events in the log file. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o dmesg o BIOS

o


o bootloader o kernel o initramfs o init o SysVinit o System

3.2 Bootloaders 102.2 Install a boot manager.

Providing alternative boot locations and backup boot options.

Install and configure a boot loader such as GRUB Legacy.

Perform basic configuration changes for GRUB 2.

Interact with the boot loader. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms, and utilities o menu.lst, grub.cfg and

grub.conf o grub-install o grub-mkconfig o MBR

o

3.3 systemd 101.2 Boot the system.

Provide common commands to the boot loader and options to the kernel at boot time.

Demonstrate knowledge of the boot sequence from BIOS to boot completion.

Understanding of SysVinit and systemd.

Awareness of Upstart. Check boot events in the log file. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o dmesg o BIOS o bootloader

o


o kernel o initramfs o init o SysVinit o System

101.3 Change runlevels / boot targets and shutdown or reboot system.

Set the default runlevel or boot target.

Change between runlevels / boot targets including single user mode.

Shutdown and reboot from the command line.

Alert users before switching runlevels / boot targets or other major system events.

Properly terminate processes. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o /etc/inittab o shutdown o init o /etc/init.d o telinit o system o systemctl o /etc/systemd/ o /usr/lib/system/ o wall

3.4 System Services 101.3 Change runlevels / boot targets and shutdown or reboot system.




o





3.5 System Shutdown

101.3 Change runlevels / boot targets and shutdown or reboot system.







o


4.0 User Interfaces and Desktops

4.1 X Window System

106.1 Install and configure X11.

Verify that the video card and monitor are supported by an X server.

Awareness of the X font server. Basic understanding and knowledge of the X Window

configuration file. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o /etc/X11/xorg.conf o xhost o DISPLAY o xwininfo o xdpyinfo o X

4.2 Display Managers

106.2 Setup a display manager.

Basic configuration of LightDM Turn the display manager on or off. Change the display manager greeting. Awareness of XDM, KDM and GDM. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o lightdm o /etc/lightdm/

4.3 Accessibility

106.3 Accessibility

Basic knowledge of keyboard accessibility settings (AccessX).

Basic knowledge of visual settings and themes. Basic knowledge of assistive technology (ATs). The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities:


o Sticky/Repeat Keys o Slow/Bounce/Toggle Keys o Mouse Keys o High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes o Screen Reader o Braille Display o Screen Magnifier o On-Screen Keyboard o Gestures (used at login, for example gdm) o Orca o GOK o emacspeak

5.0 Software Installation

5.1 Red Hat Package Manager (RPM)

102.5 Use RPM and YUM package management.

Install, re-install, upgrade and remove packages using RPM and YUM.

Obtain information on RPM packages such as version, status, dependencies, integrity and signatures.

Determine what files a package provides, as well as find which package a specific file comes from.


o rpm o rpm2cpio o /etc/yum.conf o /etc/yum.repos.d/ o yum o yumdownloader

o


5.2 Online Package Installation

102.5 Use RPM and YUM package management.

Install, re-install, upgrade and remove packages using RPM and YUM.

Obtain information on RPM packages such as version, status, dependencies, integrity and signatures.

Determine what files a package provides, as well as find which package a specific file comes from.



o

5.3 Debian Package Manager (dpkg)

102.4 Use Debian package management.

Install, upgrade and uninstall Debian binary packages.

Find packages containing specific files or libraries which may or may not be installed.

Obtain package information like version, content, dependencies, package integrity and installation status (whether or not the package is installed).


o /etc/apt/sources.list o dpkg o dpkg-reconfigure o apt-get o apt-cache o aptitude

o


5.4 Shared Libaries 102.3 Manage shared libraries.

Identify shared libraries. Identify the typical locations of

system libraries. Load shared libraries. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities o ldd o ldconfig o /etc/ld.so.conf o LD_LIBRARY_PATH

o

6.0 Users and Groups

6.1 User and Group Overview

107.1 Manage user and group accounts and related system files.

Add, modify and remove users and groups. Manage user/group info in password/group databases. Create and manage special purpose and limited

accounts. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o /etc/passwd o /etc/shadow o /etc/group o /etc/skel o chage o getent o groupadd o groupdel o groupmod o passwd o useradd o userdel o usermod


6.2 User Management




utilities: o /etc/passwd o /etc/shadow o /etc/group o /etc/skel o chage o getent o groupadd o groupdel o groupmod o passwd o useradd o userdel o usermod

6.3 Group Management




utilities: o /etc/passwd o /etc/shadow o /etc/group o /etc/skel o chage o getent o groupadd o groupdel


o groupmod o passwd o useradd o userdel o usermod

7.0 Disk and File System Management

7.1 MBR Disk Partitions

102.1 Design hard disk layout.






102.2 Install a boot manager.

Providing alternative boot locations and backup boot options.

Install and configure a boot loader such as GRUB Legacy.

Perform basic configuration changes for GRUB 2.

Interact with the boot loader.

o


The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities

o menu.lst, grub.cfg and grub.conf

o grub-install o grub-mkconfig o MBR

104.1 Create partitions and filesystems.

Manage MBR partition tables Use various mkfs commands to

create various filesystems such as: o ext2/ext3/ext4 o XFS o VFAT

Awareness of ReiserFS and Btrfs Basic knowledge of gdisk and parted

with GPT The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o fdisk o gdisk o parted o mkfs o mkswap

7.2 GUID Partitions 104.1 Create partitions and filesystems.





used files, terms and utilities: o fdisk o gdisk o parted

o


o mkfs o mkswap

7.3 Logical Volume Manager

102.1 Design hard disk layout.






o

7.4 File Systems 104.1 Create partitions and filesystems.





used files, terms and utilities: o fdisk o gdisk o parted o mkfs o mkswap

o


7.5 Mounting File Systems

104.3 Control mounting and unmounting of filesystems.

Manually mount and unmount filesystems.

Configure filesystem mounting on bootup.

Configure user mountable removeable filesystems.


o /etc/fstab o /media o mount o umount

o

7.6 File System Maintenance

104.2 Maintain the integrity of filesystems.

Verify the integrity of filesystems. Monitor free space and inodes. Repair simple filesystem problems. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o du o df o fsck o e2fsck o mke2fs o debugfs o dumpe2fs o tune2fs o xfs tools (such as

xfs_metadump and xfs_info)

o

7.7 Disk Quotas 104.4 Manage disk quotas.

Set up a disk quota for a filesystem. Edit, check and generate user quota

reports. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o quota

o


o edquota o repquota o quotaon

7.8 Ownership 104.5 Manage file permissions and ownership.

Manage access permissions on regular and special files as well as directories.

Use access modes such as suid, sgid and the sticky bit to maintain security.

Know how to change the file creation mask.

Use the group field to grant file access to group members.


o chmod o umask o chown o chgrp

o

7.9 Permissions 104.5 Manage file permissions and ownership.







o


7.10 umask 104.5 Manage file permissions and ownership.







o

7.11 Special Permissions

104.5 Manage file permissions and ownership.







o

7.12 Archive and Backup


8.0 Hardware Installation

8.1 Device Drivers 101.1 Determine and configure hardware settings.

Enable and disable integrated peripherals.

Configure systems with or without external peripherals such as keyboards.

Differentiate between the various types of mass storage devices.

Know the differences between coldplug and hotplug devices.

Determine hardware resources for devices.

Tools and utilities to list various hardware information (e.g. lsusb, lspci, etc.).

Tools and utilities to manipulate USB devices.

Conceptual understanding of sysfs, udev, dbus.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o /sys o /proc o /dev o modprobe o lsmod o lspci o lsusb

o

8.2 Kernel Module Management

101.1 Determine and configure hardware settings.



o










8.3 Hotplug and Coldplug Devices

101.1 Determine and configure hardware settings.








o





9.0 Processes and System Services

9.1 Processes 103.5 Create, monitor and kill processes.

Run jobs in the foreground and background.

Signal a program to continue running after logout.

Monitor active processes. Select and sort processes for

display. Send signals to processes. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o & o bg o fg o jobs o kill o nohup o ps o top o free o uptime o pgrep o pkill o killall

o


o screen

103.6 Modify process execution priorities.

Know the default priority of a job that is created.

Run a program with higher or lower priority than the default.

Change the priority of a running process.


o nice o ps o renice o top


103.5 Create, monitor and kill processes.

Run jobs in the foreground and background.

Signal a program to continue running after logout.

Monitor active processes. Select and sort processes for

display. Send signals to processes. The following is a partial list of the

used files, terms and utilities: o & o bg o fg o jobs o kill o nohup o ps o top o free o uptime o pgrep o pkill o killall

o


o screen

103.6 Modify process execution priorities.

Know the default priority of a job that is created.

Run a program with higher or lower priority than the default.

Change the priority of a running process.



9.3 Task Management

107.2 Automate system administration tasks by scheduling jobs.

Manage cron and at jobs. Configure user access to cron and at services. Configure anacron. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o /etc/cron.{d,daily,hourly,monthly,weekly} o /etc/at.deny o /etc/at.allow o /etc/crontab o /etc/cron.allow o /etc/cron.deny o /var/spool/cron/* o crontab o at o atq o atrm o anacron o /etc/anacrontab

9.4 Print Management

108.4 Manage printers and printing.

Basic CUPS configuration (for local and remote printers).


Manage user print queues. Troubleshoot general printing problems. Add and remove jobs from configured printer queues. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o CUPS configuration files, tools and utilities o /etc/cups o lpd legacy interface (lpr, lprm, lpq)

9.5 System Time Configuration

107.3 Localization and internationalization.

Configure locale settings and environment variables. Configure timezone settings and environment variables. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o /etc/timezone o /etc/localtime o /usr/share/zoneinfo o Environment variables:

LC_* LC_ALL LANG TZ


108.1 Maintain system time.

Set the system date and time. Set the hardware clock to the correct time in UTC. Configure the correct timezone. Basic NTP configuration. Knowledge of using the pool.ntp.org service. Awareness of the ntpq command.



o /usr/share/zoneinfo o /etc/timezone o /etc/localtime o /etc/ntp.conf o date o hwclock o ntpd o ntpdate o pool.ntp.org

9.6 Mail Transfer Agent (MTA)

108.3 Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) basics.

Create e-mail aliases. Configure e-mail forwarding. Knowledge of commonly available MTA programs

(postfix, sendmail, qmail, exim) (no configuration). The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o ~/.forward o sendmail emulation layer commands o newaliases o mail o mailq o postfix o sendmail o exim o qmail

9.7 Structured Query Language (SQL)

105.3 SQL data management.

Use of basic SQL commands. Perform basic data manipulation. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o insert o update o select o delete o from


o where o group by o order by o join

10.0 System Monitoring

10.1 System Logging

108.2 System logging

Configuration of the syslog daemon. Understanding of standard facilities, priorties and

actions. Configuration of logrotate. Awareness of rsyslog and syslog-ng. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o syslog.conf o syslogd o klogd o /var/log/ o logger o logrotate o /etc/logrotate.conf o /etc/logrotate.d/ o Journalctl o /etc/systemd/journald.conf o /var/log/journal/

10.2 Scripting

105.2 Customize or write simple scripts.

Use standard sh syntax (loops, tests). Use command substitution. Test return values for success or failure or other

information provided by a command. Perform conditional mailing to the superuser. Correctly select the script interpreter through the

shebang (#!) line. Manage the location, ownership, execution and suid-

rights of scripts.



o for o while o test o if o read o seq o exec

10.3 Text Stream Processing

103.2 Process text streams using filters.

Send text files and output streams through text utility filters to modify the output using standard UNIX commands found in the GNU textutils package.


o cat o cut o expand o fmt o head o od o join o nl o paste o pr o sed o sort o split o tail o tr o unexpand o uniq o wc

o

11.0 Networking

11.1 IPv4 Overview

109.1 Fundamentals of Internet protocols.


Demonstrate an understanding network masks and CIDR notation.

Knowledge of the differences between private and public “dotted quad” IPAddresses.

Knowledge about common TCP and UDP ports (20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 53, 80, 110, 123, 139, 143, 161, 162, 389, 443, 465, 514, 636, 993, 995).

Knowledge about the differences and major features of UDP, TCP andICMP.

Knowledge of the major differences between IPv4 and IPv6.

Knowledge of the basic features of IPv6. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o /etc/services o IPv4, IPv6 o Subnetting o TCP, UDP, ICMP

11.2 Network Interface Configuration

109.2 Basic network configuration

Manually and automatically configure network interfaces.

Basic TCP/IP host configuration. Setting a default route. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o /etc/hostname o /etc/hosts o /etc/nsswitch.conf o ifconfig o ifup o ifdown o ip o route o ping

11.3 IPv6 Overview

109.1 Fundamentals of Internet protocols.


Demonstrate an understanding network masks and CIDR notation.

Knowledge of the differences between private and public “dotted quad” IPAddresses.

Knowledge about common TCP and UDP ports (20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 53, 80, 110, 123, 139, 143, 161, 162, 389, 443, 465, 514, 636, 993, 995).

Knowledge about the differences and major features of UDP, TCP andICMP.

Knowledge of the major differences between IPv4 and IPv6.

Knowledge of the basic features of IPv6. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o /etc/services o IPv4, IPv6 o Subnetting o TCP, UDP, ICMP





11.4 Routing Configuration






11.5 Hostname and DNS Configuration

109.4 Configure client side DNS.

Query remote DNS servers. Configure local name resolution and use remote DNS

servers. Modify the order in which name resolution is done. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o /etc/hosts o /etc/resolv.conf o /etc/nsswitch.conf o Host o Dig o getent

11.6 Network Troubleshooting




utilities: o /etc/hostname o /etc/hosts o /etc/nsswitch.conf o ifconfig


o ifup o ifdown o ip o route o ping

109.3 Basic network troubleshooting.

Manually and automatically configure network interfaces and routing tables to include adding, starting, stopping, restarting, deleting or reconfiguring network interfaces.

Change, view or configure the routing table and correct an improperly set default route manually.

Debug problems associated with the network configuration.


o ifconfig o ip o ifup o ifdown o route o host o hostname o dig o netstat o ping o ping6 o traceroute o traceroute6 o tracepath o tracepath6 o netcat

12.0 Security

12.1 Root Usage

110.1 Perform security administration tasks.

Audit a system to find files with the suid/sgid bit set. Set or change user passwords and password aging

information.


Being able to use nmap and netstat to discover open ports on a system.

Set up limits on user logins, processes and memory usage.

Determine which users have logged in to the system or are currently logged in.

Basic sudo configuration and usage. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o find o passwd o fuser o lsof o nmap o chage o netstat o sudo o /etc/sudoers o su o usermod o ulimit o who, w, last

12.2 User Security and Restriction



information. Being able to use nmap and netstat to discover open

ports on a system. Set up limits on user logins, processes and memory

usage. Determine which users have logged in to the system or

are currently logged in. Basic sudo configuration and usage. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o find o passwd o fuser o lsof o nmap


o chage o netstat o sudo o /etc/sudoers o su o usermod o ulimit o who, w, last

12.3 Login Blocking



information. Being able to use nmap and netstat to discover open

ports on a system. Set up limits on user logins, processes and memory

usage. Determine which users have logged in to the system or

are currently logged in. Basic sudo configuration and usage. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o find o passwd o fuser o lsof o nmap o chage o netstat o sudo o /etc/sudoers o su o usermod o ulimit o who, w, last

12.4 Network Security

110.2 Setup host security.

Awareness of shadow passwords and how they work. Turn off network services not in use.


Understand the role of TCP wrappers. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o /etc/nologin o /etc/passwd o /etc/shadow o /etc/xinetd.d/* o /etc/xinetd.conf o /etc/inetd.d/* o /etc/inetd.conf o /etc/inittab o /etc/init.d/* o /etc/hosts.allow o /etc/hosts.deny

12.5 xinetd Super Daemon

110.2 Setup host security.

Awareness of shadow passwords and how they work. Turn off network services not in use. Understand the role of TCP wrappers. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o /etc/nologin o /etc/passwd o /etc/shadow o /etc/xinetd.d/* o /etc/xinetd.conf o /etc/inetd.d/* o /etc/inetd.conf o /etc/inittab o /etc/init.d/* o /etc/hosts.allow o /etc/hosts.deny

12.6 OpenSSH

110.3 Securing data with encryption.

Perform basic OpenSSH 2 client configuration and usage.

Understand the role of OpenSSH 2 server host keys. Perform basic GnuPG configuration, usage, and

revocation.


Understand SSH port tunnels (including X11 tunnels). The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and

utilities: o ssh o ssh-keygen o ssh-agent o ssh-add o ~/.ssh/id_rsa and id_rsa.pub o ~/.ssh/id_dsa and id_dsa.pub o /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key and

ssh_host_rsa_key.pub o /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key and

ssh_host_dsa_key.pub o ~/.ssh/authorized_keys o /etc/ssh_known_hosts o gpg o ~/.gnupg/*

12.7 SSH Port Tunneling




revocation. Understand SSH port tunnels (including X11 tunnels). The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and



ssh_host_dsa_key.pub o ~/.ssh/authorized_keys o /etc/ssh_known_hosts o gpg


o ~/.gnupg/*

12.8 Public Key Authentication








12.9 Gnu Privacy Guard (GnuPG)





utilities: o ssh o ssh-keygen o ssh-agent o ssh-add


o ~/.ssh/id_rsa and id_rsa.pub o ~/.ssh/id_dsa and id_dsa.pub o /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key and




Objective Mapping: LX0-103 Objective to LabSim Section # LX0-103 Exam Objectives Module.Section

101 System Architecture

101.1

Determine and configure hardware settings.

Enable and disable integrated peripherals. Configure systems with or without external peripherals such as keyboards. Differentiate between the various types of mass storage devices. Know the differences between coldplug and hotplug devices. Determine hardware resources for devices. Tools and utilities to list various hardware information (e.g. lsusb, lspci, etc.). Tools and utilities to manipulate USB devices. Conceptual understanding of sysfs, udev, dbus. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:


8.1 8.2 8.3

101.2

Boot the system.

Provide common commands to the boot loader and options to the kernel at boot time. Demonstrate knowledge of the boot sequence from BIOS to boot completion. Understanding of SysVinit and systemd. Awareness of Upstart. Check boot events in the log file. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o dmesg o BIOS o bootloader o kernel o initramfs o init

3.1 3.3


o SysVinit o System

101.3

Change runlevels / boot targets and shutdown or reboot system.

Set the default runlevel or boot target. Change between runlevels / boot targets including single user mode. Shutdown and reboot from the command line. Alert users before switching runlevels / boot targets or other major system events. Properly terminate processes. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o /etc/inittab o shutdown o init o /etc/init.d o telinit o system o systemctl o /etc/systemd/ o /usr/lib/system/ o wall

3.3 3.4 3.5

102 Linux Installation and Package Management

102.1

Design hard disk layout.

Allocate filesystems and swap space to separate partitions or disks. Tailor the design to the intended use of the system. Ensure the /boot partition conforms to the hardware architecture requirements for booting. Knowledge of basic features of LVM. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o / (root) filesystem o /var filesystem o /home filesystem o /boot filesystem o swap space o mount points

2.1 2.2 7.1 7.3


o partitions

102.2

Install a boot manager.

Providing alternative boot locations and backup boot options. Install and configure a boot loader such as GRUB Legacy. Perform basic configuration changes for GRUB 2. Interact with the boot loader. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities

o menu.lst, grub.cfg and grub.conf o grub-install o grub-mkconfig o MBR

3.2 7.1

102.3

Manage shared libraries.

Identify shared libraries. Identify the typical locations of system libraries. Load shared libraries. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities

o ldd o ldconfig o /etc/ld.so.conf o LD_LIBRARY_PATH

5.4

102.4

Use Debian package management.

Install, upgrade and uninstall Debian binary packages. Find packages containing specific files or libraries which may or may not be installed. Obtain package information like version, content, dependencies, package integrity and installation status

(whether or not the package is installed). The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o /etc/apt/sources.list o dpkg o dpkg-reconfigure o apt-get o apt-cache

5.3


o aptitude

102.5

Use RPM and YUM package management.

Install, re-install, upgrade and remove packages using RPM and YUM. Obtain information on RPM packages such as version, status, dependencies, integrity and signatures. Determine what files a package provides, as well as find which package a specific file comes from. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:


5.1 5.2

103 GNU and Unix Commands

103.1

Work on the command line.

Use single shell commands and one line command sequences to perform basic tasks on the command line. Use and modify the shell environment including defining, referencing and exporting environment variables. Use and edit command history. Invoke commands inside and outside the defined path. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o bash o echo o env o export o pwd o set o unset o man o uname o history o .bash_history

1.1 1.2 1.3


103.2

Process text streams using filters.

Send text files and output streams through text utility filters to modify the output using standard UNIX commands found in the GNU textutils package.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: o cat o cut o expand o fmt o head o od o join o nl o paste o pr o sed o sort o split o tail o tr o unexpand o uniq o wc

10.3

103.3

Perform basic file management.

Copy, move and remove files and directories individually. Copy multiple files and directories recursively. Remove files and directories recursively. Use simple and advanced wildcard specifications in commands. Using find to locate and act on files based on type, size, or time. Usage of tar, cpio, and dd. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o cp o find o mkdir o mv o ls o rm o rmdir

1.8 1.9 1.12


o touch o tar o cpio o dd o file o gzip o gunzip o bzip2 o xz o file globbing

103.4

Use streams, pipes and redirects.

Redirecting standard input, standard output and standard error. Pipe the output of one command to the input of another command. Use the output of one command as arguments to another command. Send output to both stdout and a file. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o tee o xargs

1.7

103.5

Create, monitor and kill processes.

Run jobs in the foreground and background. Signal a program to continue running after logout. Monitor active processes. Select and sort processes for display. Send signals to processes. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o & o bg o fg o jobs o kill o nohup o ps o top o free o uptime

9.1 9.2


o pgrep o pkill o killall o screen

103.6

Modify process execution priorities.

Know the default priority of a job that is created. Run a program with higher or lower priority than the default. Change the priority of a running process. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:


9.1 9.2

103.7

Search text files using regular expressions.

Create simple regular expressions containing several notational elements. Use regular expression tools to perform searches through a filesystem or file content. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o grep o egrep o fgrep o sed o regex(7)

1.12

103.8

Perform basic file editing operations using vi.

Navigate a document using vi. Use basic vi modes. Insert, edit, delete, copy and find text. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o vi o /, ? o h,j,k,l o i, o, a

1.3


o c, d, p, y, dd, yy o ZZ, :w!, :q!, :e!

104 Devices, Linux Filesystems, Filesystem Hierarchy Standard

104.1

Create partitions and filesystems.

Manage MBR partition tables Use various mkfs commands to create various filesystems such as:

o ext2/ext3/ext4 o XFS o VFAT

Awareness of ReiserFS and Btrfs Basic knowledge of gdisk and parted with GPT The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o fdisk o gdisk o parted o mkfs o mkswap

7.1 7.2 7.4

104.2

Maintain the integrity of filesystems.

Verify the integrity of filesystems. Monitor free space and inodes. Repair simple filesystem problems. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o du o df o fsck o e2fsck o mke2fs o debugfs o dumpe2fs o tune2fs o xfs tools (such as xfs_metadump and xfs_info)

7.6


104.3

Control mounting and unmounting of filesystems.

Manually mount and unmount filesystems. Configure filesystem mounting on bootup. Configure user mountable removeable filesystems. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o /etc/fstab o /media o mount o umount

7.5

104.4

Manage disk quotas.

Set up a disk quota for a filesystem. Edit, check and generate user quota reports. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o quota o edquota o repquota o quotaon

7.7

104.5

Manage file permissions and ownership.

Manage access permissions on regular and special files as well as directories. Use access modes such as suid, sgid and the sticky bit to maintain security. Know how to change the file creation mask. Use the group field to grant file access to group members. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:


7.8 7.9 7.10 7.11

104.6 Create and change hard and symbolic links.

Create links. Identify hard and/or soft links.

1.10


Copying versus linking files. Use links to support system administration tasks. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o ln o ls

104.7

Find system files and place files in the correct location.

Understand the correct locations of files under the FHS. Find files and commands on a Linux system. Know the location and propose of important file and directories as defined in the FHS. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

o find o locate o updatedb o whereis o which o type o /etc/updatedb.conf

1.11 1.12


Objective Mapping: LX0-104 Objective to LabSim Section # LX0-104 Exam Objectives Module.Section

105 Shells, Scripting and Data Management

105.1

Customize and use the shell environment.

Set environment variables (e.g. PATH) at login or when spawning a new shell. Write BASH functions for frequently used sequences of commands. Maintain skeleton directories for new user accounts. Set command search path with the proper directory. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o Source o /etc/bash.bashrc o /etc/profile o env o export o set o unset o ~/.bash_profile o ~/.bash_login o ~/.profile o ~/.bashrc o ~/.bash_logout o function o alias o lists

1.1 1.4 1.5 1.6

105.2

Customize or write simple scripts.

Use standard sh syntax (loops, tests). Use command substitution. Test return values for success or failure or other information provided by a command. Perform conditional mailing to the superuser. Correctly select the script interpreter through the shebang (#!) line. Manage the location, ownership, execution and suid-rights of scripts. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o for o while

10.2


o test o if o read o seq o exec

105.3

SQL data management.

Use of basic SQL commands. Perform basic data manipulation. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o insert o update o select o delete o from o where o group by o order by o join

9.7

106 User Interfaces and Desktops

106.1

Install and configure X11.

Verify that the video card and monitor are supported by an X server. Awareness of the X font server. Basic understanding and knowledge of the X Window configuration file. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o /etc/X11/xorg.conf o xhost o DISPLAY o xwininfo o xdpyinfo o X

4.1


106.2

Setup a display manager.

Basic configuration of LightDM Turn the display manager on or off. Change the display manager greeting. Awareness of XDM, KDM and GDM. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o lightdm o /etc/lightdm/

4.2

106.3

Accessibility

Basic knowledge of keyboard accessibility settings (AccessX). Basic knowledge of visual settings and themes. Basic knowledge of assistive technology (ATs). The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o Sticky/Repeat Keys o Slow/Bounce/Toggle Keys o Mouse Keys o High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes o Screen Reader o Braille Display o Screen Magnifier o On-Screen Keyboard o Gestures (used at login, for example gdm) o Orca o GOK o emacspeak

4.3

107 Administrative Tasks

107.1

Manage user and group accounts and related system files.

Add, modify and remove users and groups. Manage user/group info in password/group databases. Create and manage special purpose and limited accounts. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o /etc/passwd

6.1 6.2 6.3


o /etc/shadow o /etc/group o /etc/skel o chage o getent o groupadd o groupdel o groupmod o passwd o useradd o userdel o usermod

107.2

Automate system administration tasks by scheduling jobs.

Manage cron and at jobs. Configure user access to cron and at services. Configure anacron. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o /etc/cron.{d,daily,hourly,monthly,weekly} o /etc/at.deny o /etc/at.allow o /etc/crontab o /etc/cron.allow o /etc/cron.deny o /var/spool/cron/* o crontab o at o atq o atrm o anacron o /etc/anacrontab

9.3

107.3

Localization and internationalization.

Configure locale settings and environment variables. Configure timezone settings and environment variables. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o /etc/timezone

2.3 9.5


o /etc/localtime o /usr/share/zoneinfo o Environment variables:

LC_* LC_ALL LANG TZ


108 Essential System Services

108.1

Maintain system time.

Set the system date and time. Set the hardware clock to the correct time in UTC. Configure the correct timezone. Basic NTP configuration. Knowledge of using the pool.ntp.org service. Awareness of the ntpq command. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o /usr/share/zoneinfo o /etc/timezone o /etc/localtime o /etc/ntp.conf o date o hwclock o ntpd o ntpdate o pool.ntp.org

9.5


108.2

System logging

Configuration of the syslog daemon. Understanding of standard facilities, priorties and actions. Configuration of logrotate. Awareness of rsyslog and syslog-ng. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o syslog.conf o syslogd o klogd o /var/log/ o logger o logrotate o /etc/logrotate.conf o /etc/logrotate.d/ o Journalctl o /etc/systemd/journald.conf o /var/log/journal/

10.1

108.3

Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) basics.

Create e-mail aliases. Configure e-mail forwarding. Knowledge of commonly available MTA programs (postfix, sendmail, qmail, exim) (no configuration). The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o ~/.forward o sendmail emulation layer commands o newaliases o mail o mailq o postfix o sendmail o exim o qmail

9.6

108.4 Manage printers and printing.

Basic CUPS configuration (for local and remote printers). Manage user print queues.

9.4


Troubleshoot general printing problems. Add and remove jobs from configured printer queues. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o CUPS configuration files, tools and utilities o /etc/cups o lpd legacy interface (lpr, lprm, lpq)

109 Networking Fundamentals

109.1

Fundamentals of Internet protocols.

Demonstrate an understanding network masks and CIDR notation. Knowledge of the differences between private and public “dotted quad” IPAddresses. Knowledge about common TCP and UDP ports (20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 53, 80, 110, 123, 139, 143, 161,

162, 389, 443, 465, 514, 636, 993, 995). Knowledge about the differences and major features of UDP, TCP andICMP. Knowledge of the major differences between IPv4 and IPv6. Knowledge of the basic features of IPv6. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o /etc/services o IPv4, IPv6 o Subnetting o TCP, UDP, ICMP

11.1 11.3

109.2

Basic network configuration

Manually and automatically configure network interfaces. Basic TCP/IP host configuration. Setting a default route. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o /etc/hostname o /etc/hosts o /etc/nsswitch.conf o ifconfig o ifup o ifdown o ip o route

11.2 11.3 11.4 11.6


o ping

109.3

Basic network troubleshooting.

Manually and automatically configure network interfaces and routing tables to include adding, starting, stopping, restarting, deleting or reconfiguring network interfaces.

Change, view or configure the routing table and correct an improperly set default route manually. Debug problems associated with the network configuration. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o ifconfig o ip o ifup o ifdown o route o host o hostname o dig o netstat o ping o ping6 o traceroute o traceroute6 o tracepath o tracepath6 o netcat

11.6

109.4

Configure client side DNS.

Query remote DNS servers. Configure local name resolution and use remote DNS servers. Modify the order in which name resolution is done. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o /etc/hosts o /etc/resolv.conf o /etc/nsswitch.conf o Host o Dig o getent

11.5


110 Security

110.1

Perform security administration tasks.

Audit a system to find files with the suid/sgid bit set. Set or change user passwords and password aging information. Being able to use nmap and netstat to discover open ports on a system. Set up limits on user logins, processes and memory usage. Determine which users have logged in to the system or are currently logged in. Basic sudo configuration and usage. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o find o passwd o fuser o lsof o nmap o chage o netstat o sudo o /etc/sudoers o su o usermod o ulimit o who, w, last

12.1 12.2 12.3

110.2

Setup host security.

Awareness of shadow passwords and how they work. Turn off network services not in use. Understand the role of TCP wrappers. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o /etc/nologin o /etc/passwd o /etc/shadow o /etc/xinetd.d/* o /etc/xinetd.conf o /etc/inetd.d/* o /etc/inetd.conf o /etc/inittab o /etc/init.d/*

12.4 12.5


o /etc/hosts.allow o /etc/hosts.deny

110.3

Securing data with encryption.

Perform basic OpenSSH 2 client configuration and usage. Understand the role of OpenSSH 2 server host keys. Perform basic GnuPG configuration, usage, and revocation. Understand SSH port tunnels (including X11 tunnels). The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:

o ssh o ssh-keygen o ssh-agent o ssh-add o ~/.ssh/id_rsa and id_rsa.pub o ~/.ssh/id_dsa and id_dsa.pub o /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key and ssh_host_rsa_key.pub o /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key and ssh_host_dsa_key.pub o ~/.ssh/authorized_keys o /etc/ssh_known_hosts o gpg o ~/.gnupg/*

12.6 12.7 12.8 12.9

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