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AGRICULTURAL MACHINES FUNCTIONAL AND SAFETY TESTING SERVICE

TEST REPORT No. 08 – 010a

SELF-PROPELLED MOWER: TURBO 1 (extensions: 08-010b – Turbo 2; 08-010c – Turbo 4)

MANUFACTURER: GIANNI FERRARI S.R.L. Via Vespucci, 53 - 42046 Reggiolo – (REGGIO EMILIA) - ITALY

Rome, November 2002

Gianni Ferrari – TURBO 1

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TESTS CARRIED OUT IN COMPLIANCE WITH ENAMA SPECIFICATIONS NO. 08 BY

EXPERIMENTAL INSTITUTE FOR AGRICULTURAL MECHANISATION, MONTEROTONDO - ROME:

Supervisor Ing. Giovanni Santoro Technical tests Dott. Roberto Fanigliulo Dott. Marco Fedrizzi Collaborators Dott. Mauro Uniformi

P.A. Gennaro Vassalini

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DESCRIPTION OF MACHINE 3 ACCESSORIES 5 TECHNICAL DATA 6 TEST CONDITIONS 8 RESULTS OF TESTS 8 NOTES ON FUNCTIONALITY 10 REMARKS AND INSTRUCTIONS 10 ROAD CIRCULATION 10 SAFETY CHECKS 10 MODELS IN THE SAME SERIES 11

TO FACILITATE INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULTS, IT SHOULD BE REMEMBERED THAT: ♦ 1 MPa = 1000 kPa = 10 bar ≈ 10 kgforce/cm2

♦ 1 daN ≈ 1.02 kgforce

♦ 1 kW = 1.36 CV

♦ 1 m/s = 3.6 km/h.


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DESCRIPTION OF MACHINE The Gianni Ferrari self-propelled mower, model “Turbo 1”, is a profes-sional machine to keep turf, lawns and grassy surfaces tidy, performing grass mowing, collection and disposal operations. The machine forms part of the “Turbo” series, which includes two other models (Turbo 2 and Turbo 4), and is designed to mount two different patented decks, having a theoretical working width of 1.30 m and 1.50 m. The machine basically consists of a grass mower, endowed with a batch-type cotter-pin manual device to regulate cutting height, a ventral suction system for collecting the cut grass, a grass collector that can be lifted and dumped hydraulically, a 3-cylinder diesel engine, a hydrostatic transmission and steering system, an electric system and front-wheel brak-ing system. Grass is cut by a mowing deck, con-sisting of two contra-rotating discs, each endowed with two pairs of ar-ticulated blades, set at an angle of 90° to those of the other disc. The lower blade makes the first cut, while the upper blade provides a second cut, useful when the grass is wet, reducing the possibility of deck flood-ing, with positive effects in terms of the quality of mowing, suction and collection. An opening has been made on the centre front of the mower deck’s guard, with a portable bulkhead, to make the edge of the casing higher than the blade cutting level; by not bending the grass, this difference in height allows the blades to cut more accurately even if the grass in tall. Finally, the mower deck is endowed with a hinge device ena-bling the deck to be raised to a verti-cal position to facilitate cleaning or blade sharpening operations without

having to remove the part from the machine. The suction system adopted consists of a rapid rotation turbine and a vac-uum hose that connects the mower deck to the turbine, which in turn is connected by piping to the grass collector. The grass collector, having a storage capacity of 700 litres (for the model being tested), is endowed with a metal filter that is easy to re-move, plastic casing to reduce filter cleaning operations, a rear door that opens automatically when the collec-tor is dumped and a dispenser of the cut grass, operated via an electric motor, with an acoustic warning sounding when the collector is full. The container door can also be kept ajar during operations in order to allow the disposal of cut grass out of the rear. The high dump elevator is operated by an ad hoc pump which, pressing on a pair of hydraulic pistons pivoted on the base of the frames, both lifts the container up and keeps it in the original horizontal position thanks to a parallelogram structure. Another pair of hydraulic pistons dumps the con-tainer regardless of the height reached by the elevator. The machine is moved using Kubota 3- or 4-cylinder engines having a power of 18.7 and 25.0 kW respec-tively, or Lombardini 3- or 4-cylinder engines having a power of 18.2 and 22.5 kW, depending on the cus-tomer’s choice, and a driving system depending on the model. The Turbo 1 model is endowed with a combined hydrostatic pump-engine drive mounted on the front axle, with differ-ential locking. The Turbo 2 has a hydrostatic drive with a variable dis-placement pump, connected to a variable dual displacement hydraulic motor with lever mounted on the front


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axle, and differential locking. Finally, the Turbo 4 is endowed with dual hydrostatic traction through a system consisting of a variable dis-placement piston hydraulic pump operating two hydraulic motors, one per axle; both of these motors are fitted to a differential unit connected

to two oil-bath gear reducers that transfer drive to the wheels. Machine parts are fixed to a solid and highly resistant steel frame. The front axle differential is endowed with a pedal-operated locking device to improve the machine’s traction qualities.

Fig. 1 – Diagram of the tested machine and its parts: 1) Grass collector; 2) Elevator frame; 3) Operator safety frame; 4) Spring seat; 5) Steering wheel; 6) Mower deck support wheels; 7) Mower deck; 8) Footrest; 9) Front wheels; 10) Lever controls for hydraulic parts (deck lift, lifting and dumping of grass collector); 11) Lever for operating blade discs; 12) Fuel tank; 13) Rear wheels.

13

1 2 4 3 5

6 7 8 9 10 1112


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The remaining main parts of the ma-chine are the driver’s seat and vari-ous controls and the central instru-ment board, mounted on the steering column, containing all the lights and level gauges needed to check the correct functioning of the machine. The steering wheel is mounted on a height-adjustable portable structure to ensure the correct driving position and to facilitate the driver’s access to the driving seat, there are no obstruc-tion between the wheel, seat and footrest. The power steering consists of a dedicated hydraulic pump connected to a dual-acting steering cylinder that acts as a connecting rod for the steering bosses. The spring seat can be regulated to help the operator find the most comfortable sitting position, while the footrest, mounted on anti-vibration plates, can be lifted verti-cally toward the steering wheel so that the mower deck can also be raised vertically. Finally, the accelera-tor lever, blade disc lever and three hydraulic service levers (deck lift, collector elevator and dumper), are all positioned to the right of the op-erator, within easy reach. A diagram of the machine is given in figure 1.

ACCESSORIES The manufacturer has declared that the machine has the following option-als:

roof: affording driver protection against the sun and the rain;

vacuum hose: a long hose with aluminium tip for removing leaves, paper, cans, plastic bottles, etc.;

snow blade: can be raised and oriented hydraulically, so that the machine can also be used in winter months;

rear disposal mower deck: with working width of 1.6 m and 3 cutting discs, allows for an even dispensing of grass on the turf, thanks in part to two adjustable direction bars;

mulching deck: used to chop up cut grass and cast it onto the turf, thus avoiding collection and allowing for very frequent cuts;

scarifier: 1.0 m in width, used to scarify the turf; dumper: may be used with the ma-chine, in the absence of the grass collector, to transport sand, soil and other materials.


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TECHNICAL DATA

SERIAL NUMBER OF TESTED MACHINE OH 52077 DIMENSIONS OF MOWER Size working position transport position total width (mm) 1330 1330 total length (mm) 3030 2160 total height (mm) 1580 2120 clearance from ground (mm) 130 130 FRAME type steel plate and tubular box; ENGINE model Lombardini LWD 1003 type diesel 4 stroke, 3 cylinders, direct injection,

water cooled, 3000 rpm; displacement (cm3) 1028 rated power (kW) 18.2 fuel tank (l) 25 WHEELS front Trelleborg 23 x 10,5-12 rear Trelleborg 16,5 x 6,5-8 wheel base (mm) 1330 stand wheel Trelleborg 3,00 - 4 front track (mm) 900 rear track (mm) 930 stand wheel track (mm) 1120 turning radius (mm) 2350 ELECTRIC SYSTEM battery 12 V - 75 A instrumentation hour meter, water temperature gauge, light-

ing system for road transport; TRANSMISSION AND STEERING type hydrostatic Sauer Sunstrand; wheel drive 2 WD speed control forward and reverse with two separate ped-

als; forward speed 0 to 13 km/h reverse speed 0 to 7 km/h steering system power steering;


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BRAKES operational brakes disc, front wheel, pedal operated; parking brake disc, pedal operated, separate. MOWING EQUIPMENT type 2 discs with articulated blades; number of blades per disc 2+2 diameter of disc (mm) 340 distance between disc centres (mm) 620 width of blade (mm) 45 length of blade (mm) 218 length of cutting edge (mm) 150 standard thickness (mm) 4 SUCTION SYSTEM type central suction of cut grass using turbine

connected to cutting equipment via sheet iron tube;

turbine speed (rpm) 4546 total width of turbine (mm) 360 number of turbine blades 3 GRASS COLLECTOR type High impact polyethylene, acoustic warning

when container is full, hydraulic dumping; max. dumping height (mm) 2150 capacity (l) 700 THEORETICAL WORKING SIZE maximum width (mm) 1290 cutting height (mm) 20 ÷ 80, adjustable manually using spac-

ers. SPEED OF ROTATION OF BLADES max. speed (rpm) 2165 min. speed (rpm) 628 max. peripheral speed (m/s) 75.9 min. peripheral speed (m/s) 22.0 no. of cuts at maximum speed (cuts/s) 144.4 no. of cuts at minimum speed (cuts/s) 41.9 TOTAL MEASURED WEIGHT without accessories (kg) 1030


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TEST CONDITIONS

Test ground Tests were performed on the fifth cut of a flat plot of land set aside for multi-species cultivation at the “Pratopronto” Vivai Bindi production centre (figure 2). Prior to mowing, the granulometric composition (texture) of the soil (table 1) was determined to verify the pres-ence of a skeleton that could have a bearing on the safety and wear of the machine. Characteristics of turf The surface on which tests for the Fer-rari mower were performed is subject to intensive agricultural practices, includ-ing sprinkling irrigation (once every three days in summer period), fertilisa-tion and localised weeding. The grass is usually cut on a weekly basis. Turf characterisation (table 1) entailed the detection of the floral composition of the plot of land, expressed as a per-centage of the main species present and the mean height of grass before mowing in uniform sample areas of 1 m2, the density of vegetation cover of relevance to cutting parts, expressed as the number of epigean elements per m2 identified from 1 dm2 samples, and finally the relative humidity of grass at the time of mowing and referring to the fresh product.

Texture (%) skeleton 16.9

sand 76.2 silt 5.6 clay 1.3

Floral composition (%) ryegrass (Lolium spp.) 60

meadow grass (Santana spp., Paspalum spp.)

33

other species 7 Humidity at time of mowing

(%) 62.8

Mean height of grass prior to mowing (mm)

64.0

Mean density of grass (c.e./m2)

79600

Tab. 1 - Characteristics of test ground and turf. RESULTS OF TESTS The Turbo 1 mower was regulated to optimise its work performance by Fer-rari staff off the test ground; the cutting height was set at 40 mm, and the for-ward speed was adjusted taking into account the use, mowing period and state of vegetation of the grassy cover-ing. Grass was mowed and collected in a single 100 m passage. Functional and operational characteristics were then determined, referring to the surface area of one hectare, as indicated in table 2. The machine being tested was endowed with a mower deck having a theoretical working width of 1.29 m.

Nobili - Falciatrice a flagelli ad asse orizzontale VKM 610 P

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.

Operating parameters Performance

theoretical working width (m) 1.29

effective working width (m) 1.23

operating working width (m) 1.13

working width utilisation ratio (%) 91.9

mean cutting height (mm) 37.6

effective working time (h/ha) 1.88

operating working time (h/ha) 1.96

operating performance (%) 96.0

effective mean speed (m/s) 1.31

operating field capacity (ha/h) 0.51

working capacity per metre of operating width (ha/h.m) 0.45

blade passages per metre (no.) 8.3

hourly fuel consumption (kg/h) 5.38

hourly consumption per metre of operating width (kg/h.m) 4.76

unit fuel consumption (kg/ha) 10.54

Tab. 2 - Mean results obtained with the self-propelled Ferrari Turbo 1 mower during tests on turf. Mower tests were conducted at a forward speed of 4.7 km/h, deemed to adequately represent normal working conditions for the implement under review, in view of the characteristics of the test soil and the set cutting height. This is the highest speed at which problems pertaining to the skipping or flooding of the machine have not been encountered, permitting good operat-ing results. In these conditions, considering grass mowing and collection operations, the operating capacity of the Ferrari Turbo 1 mower was calculated at 5,100 m2/h, thanks in part to the low incidence of tractor turn-round time in relation to total time.

It can be seen from table 2 that the effective working width was 1.23 m and the operating width 1.13 m, with a utilisation ratio of the working width of 91.9%. Fuel consumption was 5.38 kg/h per unit of time and 10.54 kg/ha per unit of surface area. An appraisal of the quality of work performed by the implement was based on the height of grass in the field and precision of mowing. The mean cutting height was 37.6 mm, close to the theoretical height set before mowing (40 mm). The uniform-ity of crosswise and longitudinal mow-ing was creditable, with a large num-ber of cuts made by deck blades at all points of the cutting surface as the


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mower moved forward. This value, calculated at 8.3 under test conditions, is a result of the extension of the cut-ting edge of blades, their speed of rotation and the forward speed of the system. Finally, cutting precision was evalu-ated positively, also in view of the fact that the blades were being used for the first time, and were thus sharp. NOTES ON FUNCTIONALITY

The self-propelled Ferrari “Turbo 1” mower proved itself capable of mowing and collecting, in a single passage, the grass covering of the test ground, providing good results in terms of the actual height attained by cutting com-pared with the theoretical height set when regulating the machine. The implement was easy to use and very easy to manage, thanks in part to the low turning radius for turn-round phases. The good forward speed produced a reasonable field capacity, considering that the implement also stores and then disposes of the mown product (figure 2). Based on these results, it is possible to state that the implement under review can best serve to main-tain ornamental or recreational green areas or extensive grassy areas that need to be cut frequently, where it is necessary to collect and quickly dis-pose of cut grass.

test substratum. Under these condi-tions the tractor was subjected to a mean load of 54.7daNm, with a power absorption at the tractor’s PTO of 29.3kW. Figure 2 – Grass collector when full.

REMARKS AND INSTRUCTIONS

The implement is endowed with an instruction and maintenance hand-book in compliance with existing law provisions. ROAD CIRCULATION For the purposes of the Highway Code the machine is classified as a self-propelled agricultural machine (pursuant to art. 58 of Legislative Decree 285 of 30 April 1992). The equipment being tested may circulate on the road, being endowed with type approval (OL 01322 NORM of 11 May 2001), meeting the requirements indicated in the vehicle registration document SAFETY CHECKS The machine is endowed with CE marking, an identification plate, safety


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pictograms compliant with ISO stan-dard 11684:1995, control symbols compliant with ISO standards 3767-1:1998 and ISO 3767-3:1995, an in-struction and maintenance handbook and CE declaration of conformity. The declaration of conformity, in ac-cordance with directive 98/37/CE, certifies that the machine conforms to

the following standards and technical specifications: UNI EN 1553:2001, UNI EN 836:1998. Checks carried out with reference to documentation sent by the manufac-turer did not show up inconsistencies with the contents of the aforemen-tioned standards.The relative docu-mentation has been filed.

"Turbo" Series

Working width (m)

Engine power (kW)

Operating capacity (ha/h)

Hourly fuel consumption

(kg/h)

Weight without

accesso-ries (kg)

Turbo 4 1.42 25.0 0.79 6.52 1,250

Table 3 - Main results obtained with the self-propelled Ferrari Turbo 4 mower dur-ing tests on turf.

MODELS IN THE SAME SERIES In addition to the tested model, the models "Turbo 2" and "Turbo 4", of the same series, differ from the tested model as they are endowed with a more powerful diesel engine (25.7 kW), allowing for higher forward speeds (up to 18 km/h), and a collec-tor with a 1000 litre capacity. The "Turbo 4" model, thanks to a lower centre of gravity and an automatic traction locking device allowing for a reduced turning radius, is particularly suitable for steeply sloping land, as

declared by the manufacturer, also by virtue of 4-wheel drive capability The results of tests performed by the self-propelled Ferrari “Turbo 4” model, endowed with mower deck having a theoretical working width of 1.50 m, on the same test ground and under the same conditions as those of the “Turbo 1” are summarised in table 3.

Cert. No. Model Serial No.

08.010b Turbo 2 OH 56067 08.010c Turbo 4 OH 56068

Tab. 4 - Table 4 shows the other mower models to which the present certificate has been extended.

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THE PRESENT TEST REPORT IS VALID FOR A PERIOD OF FIVE YEARS OR UNTIL REFERENCE REGULATIONS FOR THE TURBO 1 MOWER AND RELATIVE EXTENSIONS ARE ALTERED, AND IS OFFICIALLY RECOGNISED BY ENAMA MEMBERS:

ASSOCAP (Associazione Nazionale dei Consorzi Agrari) (National Association of Farm Consortia) CIA (Confederazione Italiana Agricoltori) (Italian Farmers Confederation) COLDIRETTI (Confederazione Nazionale Coltivatori Diretti) (National Confederation of Independent Farmers) CONFAGRICOLTURA (Confederazione Generale Agricoltura) (General Farming Confederation) UNACMA (Unione Nazionale Commercianti Macchine Agricole)

(National Union of Farm Machine Dealers) UNACOMA (Unione Nazionale Costruttori Macchine Agricole)

(National Union of Farm Machine Manufacturers) UNIMA (Unione Nazionale Imprese Meccanizzazione Agricola) (National Union of Farm Mechanisation Enterprises)

AND BY MEMBERS OF THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL OF THE ENAMA, IN WHICH THE FOLLOWING ARE ALSO REPRESENTED:

MIPAF (Ministry for Agricultural and Forestry Policies) Regions and Autonomous Provinces ISMA (Istituto Sperimentale per la Meccanizzazione Agricola) (Experimental Institute for Agricultural Mechanisation)

ENAMA - ENTE NAZIONALE PER LA MECCANIZZAZIONE AGRICOLA (National Agricultural Mechanisation Body)

VIA LAZZARO SPALLANZANI, 22/A - 00161 ROME TEL. 06/4403137-4403872 FAX 06/4403712

email: [email protected] http://www.enama.it

test report no. 08 – 010a - pruefberichte.dlg.org · to two oil-bath gear reducers that ... the...

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