tertiary orientation by hoem seiha
TRANSCRIPT
sikçasala sIþBI³
“karbgðajpøÚvsMrab;fñak;]tþmsikSa”Seminar on
‘ORIENTATION OF TERTIARY EDUCATION’
11-12 August, 2009
By Hoem Seiha
Director, Panhasak School
012-699-553
CONTENT1. Analysis & Follow-up of Job
Market Demand
2. Choosing a Studies Skill in
Response to Job Market
Demand
3. Factors of Unemployment and
Redundancy
4. Self-preparation for future job
INTRODUCTION
What do you want to be
in the future?
• A lawyer
• An accountant / Cashier
• A doctor
• A marketer
• A tourist guide
• A Journalist
• A writer
• A translator / an interpreter
• A computer specialist
• A teacher / professor
• An administrator
• An engineer / architect
• A researcher
• A psychiatrist
• Others…?
Do you think you will be
able to be what you
want to be?
Yes…?
Or
No…?
You need to reconsider!
Why?
To choose a wrong way
is to get a wrong result.
CHAPTER 1
VISION
Prospect the future
and things around
you.
What’s going on?
The occurrence is
that Cambodia is
thriving…
Thriving areas are:1. Infrastructure and
construction and
urbanization
2. Industry, Agriculture,
Investment, and Trading
3. Governmental System and
Social Affairs
1. Infrastructure and construction
and urbanization
• Roads, bridges, railroads, Telecommunication, irrigation/drainage systems, airport/ports etc...
• Building, skyscrapers, condos, towns, shopping malls, hotels, etc…
Skyscraper in Phnom Penh, to be
completed in 2012, by South Korea's GS
E&C company
Skyscraper, 42-storey Gold Towers, in
Phnom Penh, hoped to be completed by
2008, by South Korean Companies
The 52-storey International Finance Complex, to be
completed by 2012
De Castle Royal Condominium, to
be completed by 2011
Camko City Phase 1 - 10 apartment buildings
Grand Phnom Penh International City,
starte d in 2006
Sihanouville Autonomous
Port, full of cargoes
International Airport in Siem Reap
Grand Hotel, Siem Reap
2. Industry, Agriculture,
Investment, and Trading
A. Tangible Industry:
Garments
Rice, maize, Food/drink processing
Petroleum, oil, gas
Wood & wood processing
Footwear
Others…
Garment Factory Workers
Garment industry employs hundred thousands of women workers each year
Iron/steel
Electronic appliances/gadgets
Automotives
Household accessories
Medicines, supplements, beauty
products
Office supplies
Jewelry
Others…
Various kinds of goods are exported and imported by trading companies
Sovanna Shopping Mall
Soriya Shopping Mall
B. Intangible Industries:
Tourism, hotels and hospitality
Education/training
Finance and Banking
Transportation & Communication
Health Care
Entertainment
Social, language/translation
Other services…
Finance and Banking Sector Increases Remarkably
Great Influx of Tourists arrive Cambodia each year
Banteay Srei Temple, in SiemReap
The Sokha Beach Hotel, in Sihanoukville
One of the Beach, in Sihanoukville
Toul Sleng Museum Toul Sleng Museum
Souvenir MarketOne Part of Royal Palace
Royal University of Phnom Penh
National University of Management, in Phnom Penh
University of Management and Economics, in Battambang
Stung Treng Referral Hospital
American Academic Associates, Employment Agency
3. Governmental System and
Social Affairs
Education
Commerce & Trading
Health Services
Environment
Defense
Foreign
Agriculture, Industry, etc…
What amongst these
areas are you
interested in?
Why? (Write five reasons to support.)
CHAPTER 2
Prospect the probable
future job market.
When the country is
gradually developing,
infrastructure and
various kind of
industries and trading
as well as other fields
increase.
When infrastructure and
various kinds of
industries and trading
as well as other fields
increase,
Demand for human
resources also increase.
However…
Human-resources
over increase above
the demand (Redundancy).
Why?(Write ten reasons.)
Because…
Quantity not quality is the watchword of the education debate to date.
There are jobs out there but few young people qualified in the right
disciplines to fill them and turn the economy around.
Human Resource ImbalanceStatistics from the Ministry of Education say that 12,987 students
graduated from higher education institutes in 2008. “But we’re looking
for redistribution. There are too many university students and not
enough people at the vocational training level,” stresses Sandra
D’Amico.
The majority of students go from school to university and not to
vocational training institutes, but this does not represent the needs of
the industry. “There is a skills shortage at the technical and operational
level,” says Paul.
In 2007, a mere 200 students graduated in engineering as opposed to
4,700 in business, says Paul. “Students don’t know the demands of the
market because there are no surveys.” That’s because various
institutions and government bodies are working on specific statistics,
so there is no comprehensive national survey on the labour market.
MisperceptionFor Sandra D’Amico, another part of the problem is the lack of job
information, career guidance and advice about what is on offer. “Youth, job
seekers and education institutions are not making informed decisions based
on market needs. There is a lack of understanding, coordination and
information flow between industry (demand side) and the labor market
supply (job seekers and education providers).”
A survey conducted by the International Labor Organization (ILO)
and the Cambodian Federation of Employers and Business Associations
(Camfeba) in 2008 found that 70% of young people rely primarily on the
advice of their parents when deciding what to do after high school. Students
leave university with unrealistic expectations of the job market, D’Amico
points out.
“There are currently jobs for civil engineers, electricians, architects
and technicians,” says Ung Vannthoeun, vice-rector of Norton University,
“but most students study business, and economics. Now that sector is
oversupplied while others are undersupplied. They choose courses based on
public perception of the related industry, not job opportunities.”
The key challenge for
youth is that they…
1. Scramble for only one job
market
2. Were not qualified enough
3. Don’t possess the right
skill(s)
4. Don’t possess enough
computer skills
5. Don’t know language well
6. Don’t have any
experience
7. Don’t have practical skill
8. Don’t know how and
where to find a job
9. Behave unacceptably
What is a good
solution?
The solution is to…
1.Prospect the future job
market
2.Choose the right
subject to yourself and
to future job market
3.Study related skills
4.Learn computer skills
5. Learn languages,
especially English,
Chinese, Korean, etc.
6. Seek for experiences
7. Know where and how
to find job
8. Know many people
CHAPTER 3
How to choose a
studies skill
1.The subject must fit
your talent or
preference.
2.The subject must fit
future job market.
Example…
(1) If you’re good at
chemistry, biology, and
mathematics, you can
choose the faculty of
medical science.
(2) Is medical science a
good future field for a
future job?
The Relationship
between studies
subject and work fields
Look at this company.
Managerial
Director
Marketing
Manager
Finance/
AccountantAdministrator
Marketing
Staff
Marketing
Staff
Marketing
Staff Assistant Assistant
Secretary StaffStaffProducts
specialist
Computer
Specialist
The faculty of
Business,
Management, or
Economics
• Companies
• Factories
• Finance and Banking
• Organizations
• Education Institution
• Other Trading Activities
The Faculty of
Tourism and
Hospitality
• Travel Agencies
• Tourism Companies
• Hotels and Restaurants
& Hospitality
• Casinos
• Other Tourism Industry
The Faculty of
Computer Science (IT:
Information
Technology)
• Computer Programming
• Internet and Networking
• Designing
• Teaching/Training
• Other Computer
Services
The Faculty of
Language, Humanity
and Education
• Translation/
Interpretation
• Journalism/Media
• Research/Writing
• Education/Teaching and/
or Training
The Faculty of Laws
and Legal
• Consultancy
• Advocacy
• Laws and Justice
• Embassy and
International Relation
• Foreign Affairs
The Faculty of
Engineering
• Engineering/Repairing
• Architecture/Designing
• Construction Companies
• Infrastructure
Development
• Electricity/Electronics
The Faculty of
Medical Science
• Hospitals
• Clinics
• Health Consultancy
• Health Services
• Pharmacies/Medicines
• Laboratories
Now decide yourself.
• Don’t forget, right to
yourself and right to
future job market.
Example of relevant
cycle field of studies
The Faculty of
Business, Economics,
Management, or Finance
& Banking
• Accounting
• Marketing
• Management
• Administration
• Financing or Banking
• Computer & English
• Business Related Laws
• Business
• Taxation
• Mathematics, English
• Statistics, Research
• Macro & Micro-Eco
• Other Biz Related Fields
Frequencies of Employment Opportunity in Each Field, Issued by www.bongthom.com in Late July, 2009
Fields of Employment Percent
1. Business Administration and Management 64%
2. Sale & Marketing 44%
3. Accountant & Finance 32%
4. Computer Programming & Engineering 29%
5. Education & Training 19%
6. Engineering & Architecture 19%
7. Tourism (Restaurants, Hotels and Hospitality) 13%
8. Health & Medical 13%
9. Social Work 10%
10. Laws & Legal 8%
11. Translation & Interpretation 7%
12. Research, Analysis and Assessment 6%
13. Agriculture 6%
14. Driving 5%
15. Media & Communication 4%
Recommended Subjects
for Future 2014-2020
1st Tourism and Hotels & Hospitality
2nd Technology: Engineering, Architecture and Electronics
3rd Finance & Banking; Business & Economics ((Accounting or Marketing): now redundancy))
4th Computer Science (IT)
5th English & Education Science
6th Medical Science
7thLaws and Legal; Social Science
8th Agriculture
9th Others…
In Phnom Penh City
Siem Reap & Kampong Som 1st Tourism and Hotels & Hospitality
2nd Finance & Banking; Business & Economics ((Accounting or Marketing): now redundancy))
3rd Technology: Engineering, Architecture and Electronics
4th Computer Science (IT)
5th English & Education Science
6th Medical Science
7th Agriculture
8th Laws and Legal; Social Science
9th Others…
In Battambang City1st Finance & Banking; Business & Economics
((Accounting or Marketing): now redundancy))
2nd Tourism and Hotels & Hospitality
3rd English & Education Science
4th Computer Science (IT)
5th Technology: Engineering, Architecture and Electronics
6th Laws and Legal; Social Science
7th Medical Science
8th Agriculture
9th Others…
In Banteay Meanchey1st Finance & Banking; Business & Economics
((Accounting or Marketing): now redundancy))
2rd English & Education Science
3rd Computer Science (IT)
4th Laws and Legal; Social Science
5th Tourism and Hotels & Hospitality
6th Medical Science
7th Agriculture
8th Technology: Engineering, Architecture and Electronics
9th Others…
It’s Your Turn!
Now make a decision
over a studies
subject. Which one
do you choose?
Wish You Success!