temporary housing proposal group b

TEMPORARY HOUSING FOR OOFUNATO

Ana Livi, John Holm,

Tommaso Sacconi, Flavia Scognamillo

KATSUSHIKA HOKUSAI, THE GREAT WAVE OFF KANAGAWA

01_OUTLINE OF OOFUNATO SITUATION _ Geography

JAPAN OFUNATO _ Prefectura de Iwate

Coordinates: 39°4′N 141°43′E Country Japan Region Tōhoku Prefecture Iwate Government – Mayor Kimiaki Toda Area – Total 323.28 km2 (124.8 sq mi) Time zone Japan Standard Time (UTC+9)

01_OUTLINE OF OOFUNATO SITUATION _ Tsunami maps

TSUNAMI DAMAGES MAP

TSUNAMI AFFECTED AREAS MAP

VERTICAL SLICE THROUGH A SUBDUCTION ZONE One of the many tectonic plates that make up Earth’s outer shell descends, or “subducts,” under an adjacent plate. This kind of boundary between plates is called a “subduction zone.” When the plates move suddenly in an area where they are usually stuck, an earthquake happens.

A. BETWEEN EARTH QUAKES Stuck to the sub ducting plate, the overriding plate gets squeezed. Its leading edge is dragged down, while an area behind bulges upward. This movement goes on for decades or centuries, slowly building up stress.

B. DURING AN EARTH QUAKE An earthquake along a subduction zone hap pens when the leading edge of the overriding plate breaks free and springs seaward, raising the sea fl oor and the water above it. This uplift starts a tsunami. Meanwhile, the bulge behind the leading edge collapses, thinning the plate and lowering coastal areas.

C. MINUTES LATER Part of the tsunami races toward nearby land, growing taller as it comes in to shore. An other part heads across the ocean toward distant shores.

01_OUTLINE OF OOFUNATO SITUATION _ Tsunami

TSUNAMI RUNUP

above sea level in meters

RUNUP HEIGHT - the maximum elevation the wave reaches at the maximum inundation.

5 = Runup Height, Post-tsunami survey measurement

TSUNAMI RUNUP LOCATION EFFECTS

4 = EXTREME (~$25 million or more)

REFERENCES FOR TSUNAMI RUNUP

COMMENTS FOR TSUNAMI RUNUP

Km

01_OUTLINE OF OOFUNATO SITUATION _ Tsunami datas for Oofunato

BEFORE AFTER

01_OUTLINE OF OOFUNATO SITUATION _ Tsunami effects

01_OUTLINE OF OOFUNATO SITUATION _ Tsunami effects

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Naturally occurring high ground may be used or modified for vertical tsunami evacuation. Large open areas on high ground offer easy access for large numbers of people with the added advantage of avoiding the possible anxiety of entering a building after an earthquake. Existing high ground should be evaluated for the potential of wave run up or erosion.

Cities and towns can plan for tsunami control forests between the shore and the developed part of town. The trees of the forest act as a buffer, helping to dissipate the wave energy as it washes ashore and filters out large ocean debris. Along the Sanriku Coast of Japan, the spruce tree is favored for their counter tsunami groves. Coastal reefs are also protected for their potential to decrease the devastating effects of tsunamis.

Tsunami Control Forest Cities Existing High Ground

ATEP ©2006-2010 UAF Geophysical Institute

Cities can zone low-lying high-risk tsunami areas for open space use or if necessary, for large lots. This may decrease the amount of people in a high-risk area and/or decrease the amount of potential damage or floating debris from a tsunami.

Large lot zoning creates a lower density of land use in high risk areas.

In low risk areas, sites can be closer together.

Zoning

01_OUTLINE OF OOFUNATO SITUATION _ Land use cotrol and housing relocation

01_OUTLINE OF OOFUNATO SITUATION _ Land use cotrol and housing relocation

02_STRUCTURE OF PROJECT _ Site Possibility

Schools where people is gather for emergency assistance

Site suggestion for implementing the temporary house project

Destruction line

Site suggestion in between the destroyed and the preserved areas Not too far from the sea for the residents that depend on the fishing industry Integrating the residents of the project in the original city fabric

02_STRUCTURE OF PROJECT _ Site Possibility

02_STRUCTURE OF PROJECT _ The concept

New planned residential area including community centre, community gardening, playground area, and small scale commercial units.

To promote, keep and reestablish human relations. To promote a good environment for mental and psychological post-catastrophe recovery.

Flexible and easy to assemble modular structure. (0,9 m modules).

Possibility to adapt and improve temporary structure to a permanent one. Residential area fully served by services and infrastructure from the municipality, as any other city area.


02_STRUCTURE OF PROJECT _ Counterpart and Duration Supply

NGO: Implementation of project. Coordination of design, planning, assembling and selection of families.

Counterpart

Government: Support for land selection, service provision and maintenance.

Population: Self organization, participation in design decisions and maintenance

Duration of Supply

month 1

month 2

month 3

month 4

month 5

Month 6- 2 years

more than 2 years

Design, organization and selection of residents

Logistical Planning

Receiving material, assembling

Installation infrastructure

Assembling community centre

Official Temporary phase

Adaptation/ Improvements for permanency of residents

02_STRUCTURE OF PROJECT _ Number of Houses and Estimated Cost

Number of houses

Estimated Cost

80 or 96 house units (3 typologies: 1, 2 or 3 rooms) 1 Community Centre with special rooms for meetings and basic health and mental care Common open areas: garden and playground

Cost per unit (including infrastructure cost): 30,000 Euros 96 units: 2,880,000 Euros Cost Community Centre: 80,000 Euros Total: 2,960,000 Euros

03_SITE PLAN, PROJECT PLANS, SKETCHES

Internal panels: 70% wood-based panels and rubber produced from recycled tires External panels: Masonite boards with recycled plastic laminate and foam insulation

Materials

House units: 3 typologies: 1, 2 or 3 rooms Common space

Commercial


Internal panels: 70% wood-based panels and rubber produced from recycled tires External panels: Masonite boards with recycled plastic laminate and foam insulation

Materials

Source: Loq-kit

bathroom kitchen

bedroom

living room

bathroom kitchen

bedroom

bedroom

/ living room

living room

kitchen

bedroom

bedroom bedroom

bathroom

24 m2

S E R V I C E L I N E

27 m2 41 m2


SERVICE LINES_WATER _ELECTRICITY

PRIVATE SERVICES

STAIRS

COMMON SPACE

GREEN

BEAUTIFICATION_GREEN

COMMERCIAL SPACES

04_RESIDENTS SELECTION AND MAINTENANCE PLAN

Residents organize themselves in

groups of 9 families

ELDERS

SPECIAL NEEDS

ANY

GOVERNMENT DECISION

8 or 9 groups (10 families)

selected by lottery Total: 80 or 96 families (approximately 300 residents)

Objective: To promote community sense,

to stimulate community organization and ownership.

To strength the partnership amongst NGO, residents and government.

To try to be as fair as possible.

Maintenance: Each resident is responsible for your own house and

immediate surroundings. The government is responsible for normal services

as in other areas of the city. The NGO can help the community to organize themselves

and have a elected local leader to manage the maintenance of the common areas.

05_POST-PROJECT

Develop sense of community Promote residents’ responsibility Guarantee the sustainable and

successful maintenance of the new residential area.

Attempt to adapt the project for a permanent residential use or transform in other equipment for the city.

It is also possible to disassemble the modular structure and rebuild in another site.

INTERMEDIATE GOALS

LONG-TERM GOALS

THANK YOU VERY MUCH!

Ana Livi, John Holm,

Tommaso Sacconi,

Flavia Scognamillo

temporary housing proposal group b

Technology