temperature guide
DESCRIPTION
Tempreature DesignTRANSCRIPT
Temperature Guide Book
With our knowledgewe engineer your
ambitions
Brand name of Doedijns International B.V.
2
INTRODUCTION
WELCOME TO DOEDIJNS INSTRUMENTATION
“We are an innovative organisation and highly experienced specialists in temperature measuring solutions. Our company forms part of the Doedijns International Group and in 2001 we were fortunate enough to acquire the Thermo Electric brand. This acquisition added a wealth of knowledge in temperature measuring solutions to our portfolio. Today, we are at the forefront of developing temperature sensing products and ancillary equipment. Our products continue to outperform in the field, providing reliable solutions worldwide.
Spanning over 40 years of temperature sensing manufacturing, the original activities of Thermo Electric addressed a specific market need: measuring exhaust gas temperatures from aeroplane engines. Today our company is proud to develop and produce a complete range of temperature sensors, wires, cables and connectors for almost every application and market, all around the world.We manufacture products capable of withstanding corrosive chemicals, vibrations, extreme temperatures and high pressu-res, ranging from the absolute zero point (-273 °C) to over 2,700 °C. It is here where we are at our best. Our customers will recognise familiar products they have come to rely upon over the years, whilst hopefully discovering some new applications. (The full range of products is available to view on our website.)
Our business touches global markets, however we act locally. Our network of factories, sales and service centres span the Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, United Arab Emirates and Malaysia. We have also had the fortunate pleasure of wor-king on the most prestige engineering contracts, alongside some of the largest organisations for many years. The successes we have experi-enced on these major projects can be attributed to our highly knowledge-able and experienced workforce. The Doedijns group has over 280 per-sonnel strategically placed in major industrial areas. This global strategy allows us to service our customers worldwide, providing the individual temperature measuring solutions that are required in today’s market”.
Jan-Willem Noordermeer, Managing Director, Doedijns Instrumentation
INTRODUCTION
3
Test facilities• Functionalperformancetest• Loopresistanttest• Insulationresistancetest•Dyepenetrationtest• Pressuretest• Calibrationtest• From–200°Cupto1,250°C (RvA/ILAC)•Calibrationtestforeachinstrument,mV,mA,OhmsandV(RvA/ILAC)
• Vacuumtest•Heliumleaktest• PMItest
We have dedicated engineering, manufacturing and testing facilities located in The Netherlands. Our Thermo Electric branded temperature sensing products are supplied direct from our headquarters to our customers, through Doedijns Instrumentation sales and service centres across the globe.
High standards and efficient supplyOur central production and engineering facilities allow us tomaintain our high standardsandbest practice in engineeringand design. This expertise is reflected in the efficient supplyof ThermoElectric temperaturesensorsand inour consistentachievementofqualityinthefield.
Services•Vortexstresscalculationsfor Thermowells• X-rays•Weldingrobot•Manufacturingrecordbook•Qualityinspectionplan•Materialcertificate(NACE,3,1)• Cleaningforoxygenservice• Visualinspection•Dimensionalcheck•Drawingsforapproval•WPSandPQR
ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING, TESTING
•Batchcertificate•Certificateoforigin•Certificateofconformance• Explosionsafe certificateExi,Exe,Exd,Exn
•CSA/US• IEC/EX• ATEX•GOSTK•GOSTR
DelIveRy pROgRamme
4
Besta LevelswitchesandcapacitivelevelsensorsGemini Oneandtwo-channelsdataloggersGems Pressurelevelandflowswitches/transmittersHoneywell Pressureandtemperaturetransmitters, recordersandcontrollersITT Neo-Dyn PressureandtemperatureswitchesKurz MassflowmeasurementNouva Fima Bi-metals,pressuregaugesandtransmitters withchemicalsealsThermo Electric TemperaturesensorsandaccessoriesWeka Magneticswitches
DELIVERY PROGRAMM
CONTeNT
5
1. THERMOCOUPLES THEORY 6
2. MINERAL INSULATED TYPE THERMOCOUPLES 13
3. MEASURING JUNCTION 14
4. RESPONSE TIME 15
5. THERMOCOUPLE CALIBRATION 16
6. THERMOCOUPLES MV TABLES 18
7. RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE DETECTORS AND TABLE 63
8. A FEW CONSTRUCTIONS OF TEMPERATURE SENSORS 66
9. F.A.Q.’S 72
10. PIPE & TUBE END SIZE CHART PIPE SCHEDULES 74
11. METALLIC & NON-METALLIC THERMOWELL MATERIALS 77
12. MELTING TEMPERATURES OF METALS 85
13. STANDARD FLANGE SIZES 88
14. MATERIAL SELECTION GUIDE 98
15. COMPARISON OF NEMA AND IEC STANDARDS 103
16. EX GUIDE LINE 104
17. AWG WIRE SIZE 105
18. INTERNATIONAL THERMOCOUPLE COLOUR CODING 106
CONTENT
1. THeRmOCOUpleS THeORy
6
In 1834 Jean C.A. Peltier reported that when a current flowsacrossthejunctionoftwometals,itgivesrisetoabsorptionorliberationofheat(dependinguponthedirectionofthecurrent).Ifthecurrenthappenstoflowinthesamedirectionasthecur-rentproducedbythe‘SeebeckEffect’atthehot junction(T2),heatisabsorbedwhereasatthecoldjunction(T1)heatislibe-rated.Forexample:•Heatisabsorbed(T+_t)when: acurrentflowsacrossacopper-constantanhotjunctionfromtheconstantan(B)tothecopper(A),minustoplus.
• Conversely,heatisliberated(T-_t)when: acurrentflowsacrossthesamejunctionfromcopper(A)toconstantan(B),plustominus(fig.2).
T.J.Seebeckdiscoveredthephenomenonofthermoelectricityin1821.Hefoundthesocalled‘SeebeckEffect’:ifaformedcircuitconsistsoftwodissimilarmetallicconductorsA&Bandoneofthe junctionsofA&B isata temperatureT1while theotherjunctionisatahighertemperatureT2;thenacurrentwillflowinthecircuitandwillcontinuetoflowaslongasthetwojunctionshavedifferenttemperatures.The E.M.F. (electromotive force) that produces this current iscalledthe‘SeebeckThermalEMF’: ifA is (+)comparedto(B),thenthecurrentflowsfromAtoBatT1(fig.1).
Fig. 1 Seebeck Effect
B (–)T1 < T2
CurrentFlow
A (+)
T1 T2
SEEBECK EFFECT
PELTIER EFFECT
Fig. 2 Peltier Effect
B (–)T1 < T2
SeebackCurrent Flow
A (+)
T1 t T2 t
1. THeRmOCOUpleS THeORy
7
Manyinvestigationsofthermoelectriccircuitshavebeenmadeand have resulted in the establishment of several basic pre-cepts.Theseprecepts,whilestatedinmanydifferentways,canbereducedtothreefundamentallaws:• LawofHomogeneousCircuits• LawofIntermediateMetals• LawofSuccessiveorIntermediateTemperatures
Law of Homogeneous CircuitsThis law states that ‘an electric current cannot be sustainedinacircuitofasinglehomogeneousmetal,howevervaryinginsection, by theapplicationof heat alone’. If a junctionof twodissimilarmetalsismaintainedatT1,whiletheotherisatT2,thedevelopedthermalEMF is independentandunaffectedbyanytemperaturedistributionalongthewiresT3andT4(fig.4).
Itcanbeshownthatthemagnitudeofthe‘PeltierEffect’isgivenby:- theproductoftheabsolutetemperature(°K)ofthejunction;- andtherateofchangeofthethermalEMFofthejunctionat thattemperature(fig.3).If a complete analysis is done, you will find that the ‘PeltierEffect’producesnomeasurablechange in temperatureof thejunctioniftheonlycurrentthroughitisduetothethermalEMF.
THERMO ELECTRIC LAWS
MAGNITUDE OF PELTIER EFFECT
Fig. 3
JunctionTemp. in
˚K
Rate of emfChange atJunctionTemp.
x=Magnitude
ofPeltier Effect
Fig. 4 Law of Homogeneous Circuits
B (–)T1 < T2E Unaffected by T3 and T4
E = EMF
A (+)
T1
T3
T4
T2
1. THeRmOCOUpleS THeORy
8
Law of Intermediate TemperaturesInmostindustrialinstallations,itisnotpracticaltomaintainthereferencejunctionofathermocoupleataconstanttemperature.So,somemeansmustbeprovidedtobringtheEMFdevelopedatthereferencejunctiontoavalueequaltothatwhichwouldbegeneratedwitha reference junctionmaintainedatastandardtemperature,usually0°C(32°F).
The ‘Law of Intermediate Temperatures’ provides a mean forrelating theEMFgeneratedbya thermocoupleunderordinaryconditions, to a standardized constant temperature. In effect,theLawstatesthat:thesumoftheEMF’sgeneratedbytwother-mocouples(onewithitsjunctionat0°C(32°F)andsomere-ferencetemperatureandtheotherwithitsjunctionatthesamereferencetemperatureandthemeasuredtemperature)isequi-valent to theEMFproducedbyasingle thermocouplewith itsjunctionat0°C(32°F)andthemeasuredtemperature(fig.6).
Law of Intermediate MetalsWhenthermocouplesareused,itisusuallynecessarytointrodu-ceadditionalmetalsintoacircuit.Thishappenswhenaninstru-mentisusedtomeasuretheEMFandthejunctionissolderedorwelded.
Itwouldseemthattheintroductionofothermetalswouldmo-difytheEMFdevelopedbythethermocoupleanddestroyitsca-libration.Howeverthe‘LawofIntermediateMetals’statesthat:theintroductionofathirdmetalintoacircuitwillhavenoeffectuponthegeneratedEMF,so longas the junctionsof thethirdmetalwiththeothertwometalsareatthesametemperature.
IftwodissimilarmetalsA&BwiththeirjunctionsatT1&T2andathirdmetalCarejoinedononeleg(ifCiskeptatauniformtemperaturealongitsentirelength),thetotalEMFinthecircuitwillbeunaffected(fig.5).
Fig. 5 Law of Intermediate Metals
C
T3
B (–) B (–)
E = EMF
A (+)
T1 T2
1. THeRmOCOUpleS THeORy
9
Summary of the three lawsThe three fundamental lawsmay be combined and stated asfollows:- thealgebraicsumofthethermoelectricEMF’sgeneratedinanygivencircuitcontaininganynumberofdissimilarhomo-geneousmetals,isafunctiononlyofthetemperatureofthejunction;
- ifallbutoneofthejunctionsinsuchacircuitaremaintainedatsomereferencetemperature,theEMFgenerateddependsonlyonthetemperatureofthatonejunctionandcanbeusedasameasureofitstemperature.
There are many types of thermocouples available on today’smarket.Eachhasitsownparticularadvantagesanddisadvan-tages.Inmanycases,thermocouplesandtheiraccessoriesaredesignedforaspecifictemperaturemeasurementproblem.In other cases, thermocouples aremanufacturedwith awidevarietyofpossibleapplications. It isnot the intention to com-pareonetypeofthermocouplewithanother,ortocomparethethermocoupleofonemanufacturerwithanother.Nothermocou-pleissuitableforallneeds.Thermocouplesmustbeselectedtomeettheneedsofaparticularinstallation.Thenextbasictypescanbeofusetoguideyouinyourselectionprocess.
Threebasictypesofconstruction:1.Wire2.Mineralinsulated3.Thermowell
THERMOCOUPLE BODY CONSTRUCTION
Fig. 6 Law of Successive or Intermediate Temperatures
emf = E1T1 T2
emf = E2T2 T3
emf’s are Additive for Temperatures Intervals
emf = E3 = E1+ E2T1 T3
1. THeRmOCOUpleS THeORy
10
1. Wire type constructionThe most basic thermocouple construction is the ‘wire type’.It consists of two dissimilarmetals, homogeneously joined atoneendtoformthemeasuringjunction.Acommonfactor inherent inallwire typeconstructions is thefact that they all haveanexposed junction: although it offersgoodresponsetime,itissubjecttoenvironmentalrestrictions.
Inmostcasestheadvantagesare:agoodresponsetime,rug-gedness and high temperature use. The disadvantage is theexposedjunction:whichmeansthatitissusceptibletotheenvi-ronment(oxidizingandreducingatmospheres)andthereforeitmustbeprotected.
2. Mineral insulated constructionInorder toovercome thedisadvantagesof the ‘wire typecon-struction’,manufacturersdevelopedthemineralinsulationther-mocouple.The‘mineralinsulatedconstruction’consistsoftwothermocouplematerialwiresembeddedinaceramicinsulationandprotectedbyametallicsheath.
Thetwoprimarycomponentsofthisconstructionare:1.Themineralinsulationmaterial2.Themetallicsheath
Sheath material characteristicsThe table on the next page shows just some of themany dif-ferent materials which can be used to protect the minerallyinsulated thermocouple. The two most important parametersinselectingthesheathmaterialare:theoperatingtemperatureand the atmospheric environment. The atmospheric environ-mentalparametersareoxidizing,reducing,neutralandvacuum.Forexample,SS304canbeusedineachtypeofatmospherewithamaximumoperatingtemperatureof890°C(1,650°F).
1. THeRmOCOUpleS THeORy
11
Mineral insulationThetablebelowshowsonlyaportionofthematerialsthatcanbeused;however,thefourshownarethemostcommon.Themost importantparameters tobe considered in selectingthemineralinsulationsaretheuppertemperaturelimitandtheperformancecharacteristicsatthetemperature.Ofcoursethereareotherparameterswhichshouldalsobeconsideredsuchas:resistively,purityandcrushability.However,theyaresecondaryto temperature. For example:MgO, themost commonly used(as exhibitedby this table) hasanupper temperature limit of2,395 °C with high resistivity, excellent purity and very goodcrushability.
Mineral insulated thermocouple sheath material
Sheathmaterial
Meltingpoint °C
Max. temperaturein air °C
Operating #atmosphere
Continuousmax. temp °C
304SS 1400°C 1048°C O,R,N,V 895°C
310SS 1400°C 1071°C O,R,N,V 1145°C
316SS 1250°C 960°C O,R,N,V 930°C
321SS 1415°C 815°C O,R,N,V 871°C
347SS 1425°C 915°C O,R,N,V 871°C
Inconel 1398°C 1095°C O,N,V(c.) 1145°C
Copper 1082°C 315°C O,R,N,V(b) 315°C
Aluminium 660°C 425°C O,R,N,V 371°C
Platinum 1770°C 1648°C O,N(c.) 1648°C
Molybdenum 2620°C 535°C V,N,R 2626°C
Tantalum 3004°C 400°C V 2760°C
Titanium 1815°C 315°C V,N 1090°C
STABILITY
Insulation material Formula
Melting point °C
Max. limitin oxi. Atm °C
Thermal shock res.
Reducing Atm Carbon
Acid slag
Basic slag Metal
Alumina Al2O3 2037°C 1954°C Good Good Fair Good Good Good
Magnesium MgO 2760°C 2395°C Fair Poor Good Poor Good Fair
Thoria ThO2 3315°C 2700°C Poor Good Fair Poor Good Exc.
Zirconia ZrO2 2590°C 2510°C Fair Good Fair Good Poor Good
#KeyO =OxidizingR =ReducingN =Neutral
V =Vacuum(b) =Scalesreadiliyinoxidizingatmospheres(c) =Sensitivetosulphurcorrosion
1. THeRmOCOUpleS THeORy
12
3. Thermowells and protection tubesThermowells and protection tubes are used to shield thermo-couple sensing elements against mechanical damage andcorrosiveorcontaminatingatmospheres.The various types and constructionswhich are available ena-bletheusertoselecttherightcombinationtomeet individualneeds.
For example: cast iron protection tubes are used primarily inmolten aluminium, magnesium and zinc applications. On theotherhand,theceramictubesareusedin industriessuchas:iron and steel, glass, cement and limeprocessing. Their prin-cipaladvantagesinclude:resistancetohightemperaturesandthermal shock, chemical inertness, good abrasion resistanceandhighdielectricstrength.
2. mINeRal INSUlaTeD Type THeRmOCOUpleS
Our standard diameters for our MI-cable (mineral insulated thermocouple cable)Diameter Type T/C Sheath Material0.150.250.51.01.51/163.01/83/166.01/45/161/2
mmmmmmmmmminchmminchinchmminchinchinch
KKK,N,JandTK,N,JandTK,N,JandTK,N,JandTK,N,J,R,SandTK,N,J,R,SandTK,N,J,R,SandTK,N,J,R,SandTK,N,J,R,S,andTK,NandJK
Inconel600orSS316Inconel600orSS316Inconel600orSS316Inconel600orSS316Inconel600orSS316Inconel600orSS316Inconel600orSS316Inconel600orSS316Inconel600orSS316Inconel600orSS316Inconel600orSS316Inconel600orSS316Inconel600orSS446
13
One of the many advantages of a mineral insulated cable isthe protection offered to the thermocouplewires, afforded bythemetalsheath.Forlongservicelife,onlycontaminationfreesheathingofknownchemicalandphysicalcompositionsisused.
The table above lists the most common constructions. Otherdiameters and sheath materials are available upon request.Forexample: typeN thermocouplesareavailablewith severalsheath materials of Nicrobel and/or Pyrosil; for the platinumrhodium thermocouples,which can be higher in temperature,werecommendtousethisinaconstructionwithbeads(fig.1).
FortheoptimaluseoftypeR,SandBthermocouplesweuseanominalwiresizeof0.5mmasstandard.Theinsulationmate-rialforthistypeofthermocouplewillbealuminiumoxide99.7%purity.
Beadedelementceramicinsulatorwithonebead
Beadedelementceramicinsulatorswithseveralbeads
THERMOCOUPLES IN MINERAL INS. CONSTRUCTION
3. meaSURINg JUNCTION
14
Thehotjunctionisthejunctionwhichissubjectedtotheprocessormediumthatisbeingmeasuredorcontrolled.Threecommontypesofjunctions:1.Grounded2.Insulated3.Exposed(fastresponse)
Of these three theonewhichhas thehighestapplication ratein greatest use, is the grounded junction. Aswill be seen, itscharacteristicsmeetmostrequirements.
Grounded junctionInthisconstructionthemineralinsulationiscompletelysealedfromcontainmentsandthemeasuringjunctionbecomesanin-tegralpartof the tipof the thermocouple.Theresponsetime,aswewillsee later,approachesthatofanexposed loopther-mocouple. Inaddition, the junctionconductorsarecompletelyprotectedfromharshenvironmentalconditions.Smalldiameterthermocouplesmaybeselectedtomatchorbettertheresponsetimeofexposedloopthermocouples,yettheoperationalliftanduppertemperaturelimitofthejunctionwillbeextendedduetoprotectionofferedbythesheath.
Insulated measuring junctionIn this construction the thermocouple conductors are weldedtogethertoformthejunctionwhichisinsulatedfromtheexter-nalsheathwiththemineralinsulation.Theresponsetimeforaninsulated junction is longer than it is for a grounded junctionthermocoupleofthesameoutsidediameter.Ininsulatedjunc-tion thermocouples, however, conductors are electrically insu-latedfromthesheath.A featureadvantageous inapplicationswherethermocouplesareused:- inconductivesolutions;- fordifferentialaveraging(paralleled);- foradditive(series)applications;- whereverisolationofthemeasuringcircuitryisrequired.
Exposed loop junctionTheexposedloopjunctionoffersafasterthermalresponsetimethantheothertwotypesofjunctions.Howeverthistypeofjunctionis limited tomildenvironmental conditionsorone timeusageundermoresevereconditions.
COMMON MEASURING JUNCTION TYPES
Grounded
Insulated
ReducedTip
4. ReSpONSe TIme
15
Some of the typical response times encountered when usingthesethreetypesofjunctions:• Insulated 4.5seconds• Grounded 1.7seconds• Exposed 0.1secondsAllvaluesarefor6.35mmoutsidediametermineralinsulatedcable.
Valueslistedarebasedontheaverageresponsetimeofseveralminerally insulatedcables.Thetimeinsecondsindicatestimetakentoundergoachangeintemperatureof63.2%.Thetestswhereperformedduringastepchangefromroomtem-peraturetoboilingwater.TestperASTMSTP470A(fullresponseisapproximatedfivetimeconstants).
Asageneralrule,itcanbestatedthatthegreaterthemassofthejunction,thegreatertheresponsetimeandthelongertheservicelife.
RESPONSE TIME
Diameter Junction Time in sec.
0.5mm insulated 0.15
0.5mm grounded 0.05
1.0mm insulated 0.3
1.0mm grounded 0.1
3.0mm insulated 1.3
3.0mm grounded 0.7
4.8mm insulated 2.2
4.8mm grounded 1.1
6.0mm insulated 4.5
6.0mm grounded 2.1
6.0mm exposed 0.1
5. THeRmOCOUple CalIBRaTION
16
Theobjectofcalibratingany thermocoupleorwire is todeter-minetemperature-EMFoutput(voltageproducedatagiventem-perature)ascomparedtothecalibrationtableorcurve.
Comparison methodThismethodisjustwhatitimplies:thecomparisonoftheEMFofanunknownthermocouplewithaworkingstandard(usuallyanother thermocouple) at the same temperature. Accuracy isfirstlimitedbytheaccuracyofthestandard.Asecondaryeffectlimitingaccuracy is theabilityof theobserver tobring theun-knownthermocouplejunctiontothesametemperatureasthestandard’smeasuringelement.
Fixed point methodThis method entails measuring unknown thermocouples at aknowntemperatureasdefinedbytheInternationalTemperatureScale.
No thermocouple can be more accurate than the wire fromwhichitismade.CertainlimitsoferrorhavebeenestablishedbymanufacturersandEngineeringSocietiestodefineacceptablewiresforuseinthermocouples.
Theaccuracywithwhichwireconformsto thetables, isdeter-mined by checking the wire at predetermined points againstNBSCertifiedPlatinum.Checkingagainstplatinuminsuresthatindividualwirescanbepairedandremainwithinstandardlimits.Forinstance:measurementat150°CwithatypeKthermocou-pleinsuresthattheresultwillbe150°C±2.5°Cforstandardgradematerialand150°C±1.5°Cwithpremiumgrademate-rial.Measurementat550°CwiththesametypeKthermocouplein-suresthattheresultwillbeat550°C±0.75%forstandardgra-dematerialandat550°C±0.4%forpremiumgradematerial.
Fixed points available for selecting thermocouplesThefixedpointsforwhichvalueshavebeenassignedordeter-mined accurately and at which it has been found convenienttocalibratethermocouplesaregiven.Inselectingthepointsatwhichtocalibrateathermocouple,onehasachoicebetweenaboilingpointandafreezingpoint.
THERMOCOUPLE CALIBRATION NO LIMITS OF ERROR
LIMITS OF ERROR: STANDARD & PREMIUM GRADE
5. THeRmOCOUple CalIBRaTION
17
Forexample:theboilingpointofoxygenorthefreezingpointofmercury.IndeterminingtheEMFofathermocoupleatfreezingpoint, thetimeduringdissertationwhichobservationsmaybetakenislimitedtotheperiodoffreezing,afterwhichthematerialmustbemeltedagainbeforetakingfutherobservations.Incaseofboilingpoints,thereisnosuchlimitinsincethematerialcanbeboiledcontiniously.
Thisbrochureattemptedtosummarizetheimportantaspectsofthermocoupletemperaturesensors.Ithasprimarilybeenaimedattheindustrialuserinordertohelphimunderstandmorefullythebasicprinciplesofthermocouples.Thefieldoftemperaturemeasurement is so vast, that each topic could have been abrochureitself.
Wehavebrieflydescribedthetheoreticalfoundationofthether-mocouple thermometry aspect, the basic construction of thethermocouples,twomethodsofcalibrationandthecriticalpa-rameterstobeconsideredintheselectionofpracticalsensors.
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-170
-16
0-6
82
1-6
653
-6 8
83
-6 9
14
-6 9
44
-6 9
75
-7 0
05
-7 0
35
-7 0
64
-7 0
94
-160
-15
0-6
50
0-6
533
-6 5
66
-6 6
98
-6 6
31
-6 6
63
-6 6
95
-6 7
27
-6 7
59
-6 7
90
-150
-14
0-6
15
9-6
194
-6 2
29
-6 2
63
-6 2
96
-6 3
32
-6 3
66
-6 4
00
-6 4
33
-6 4
67
-140
-13
0- 5
80
1-5
838
-5 8
74
-5 9
10
-5 9
46
-5 9
52
-6 0
18
-6 0
54
-6 0
89
-6 1
24
-130
-12
0-5
42
6-5
465
-5 5
03
-5 5
41
-5 5
78
-5 6
16
-5 6
53
-5 6
90
-5 7
27
-5 7
64
-120
-11
0-5
03
7-5
076
-5 1
16
-5 1
55
-5 1
94
-5 2
33
-5 2
72
-5 3
11
-5 3
50
-5 3
88
-110
-10
0-4
63
3-4
674
-4 7
14
-4 7
55
-4 7
96
-4 8
36
-4 8
77
-4 9
17
-4 9
57
-4 9
97
-100
-90
-4 2
15
-4 2
57
-4 3
00
-4 3
42
-4 3
84
-4 4
25
-4 4
67
-4 5
09
-4 5
50
-4 5
91
-90
-80
-3 7
86
-3 8
29
-3 8
72
-3 9
16
-3 9
59
-4 0
02
-4 0
45
-4 0
88
-4 1
30
-4 1
73
-80
-70
-3 3
44
-3 3
89
-3 4
34
-3 4
78
-3 5
22
-3 5
66
-3 6
10
-3 6
54
-3 6
98
-3 7
42
-70
-60
-2 8
93
-2 9
36
-2 9
84
-3 0
29
-3 0
75
-3 1
20
-3 1
65
-3 2
10
-3 2
55
-3 3
00
-60
-50
-2 4
31
-2 5
24
-2 5
24
-2 5
71
-2 6
17
-2 6
63
-2 7
09
-2 7
65
-2 8
01
-2 8
47
-50
-40
-1 9
61
-2 0
08
-2 0
55
-2 1
03
-2 1
50
-2 1
97
-2 2
44
-2 2
91
-2 3
35
-2 3
85
-40
-30
-1 4
82
-1 5
30
-1 5
78
-1 6
26
-1 6
74
-1 7
22
-1 7
70
-1 8
18
-1 8
65
-1 9
13
-30
-20
-99
5-1
044
-1 0
93
-1 1
42
-1 1
90
-1 2
39
-1 2
83
-1 3
36
-1 3
85
-1 4
33
-20
-10
-50
1-5
50
-600
-50
-699
-749
-798
-847
-896
-946
-10
00
-50
-101
-151
-201
-251
-301
-351
-401
-451
0
THERMOCOUPLES MV TABLES 66. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
19
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
Type
J: I
ron/
copp
er-n
icke
l (1)
21
Iron
/cop
per-n
icke
l (co
ntin
ued)
(2)
Ele
ctro
moi
ve for
ce a
s a
func
tion
of te
mpe
ratu
re
Type
J
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
00
50
101
151
202
253
303
354
405
456
0
10
50
7558
609
660
711
762
814
865
916
956
10
20
1 0
19
1 0
71
1 1
22
1 1
74
1 2
26
1 2
77
1 3
29
1 3
81
1 4
33
1 4
85
20
30
1 5
37
1 5
89
1 6
41
1 6
93
1 7
45
1 7
97
1 8
49
1 9
02
1 9
54
2 0
06
30
40
2 0
59
2 1
11
2 1
64
2 2
16
2 2
69
2 3
22
2 3
74
2 4
27
2 4
80
2 5
32
40
50
2 5
85
2 6
38
2 6
91
2 7
44
2 7
97
2 8
50
2 9
03
2 9
56
3 0
08
3 0
62
50
60
3 1
16
3 1
69
3 2
22
3 2
75
3 3
29
3 3
82
3 4
38
3 4
89
3 5
43
3 5
96
60
70
3 6
50
3 7
03
3 7
57
3 8
10
3 8
64
3 9
18
3 9
71
4 0
25
4 0
78
4 1
33
70
80
4 1
87
4 2
40
4 2
94
4 3
48
4 4
02
4 4
56
4 5
10
4 5
84
4 6
18
4 6
72
80
90
4 7
26
4 7
81
4 8
35
4 8
89
4 9
43
4 9
97
5 0
52
5 1
06
5 1
60
5 2
15
90
10
05
26
95 3
23
5 3
78
5 4
32
5 4
87
5 5
41
5 5
96
6 6
50
5 7
05
5 7
59
100
11
05
81
45 8
68
5 9
23
5 9
77
6 0
32
6 0
87
6 1
41
6 1
96
6 2
51
6 3
06
110
12
06
36
06 4
15
6 4
70
6 5
25
6 5
79
6 6
34
6 6
89
6 7
44
6 7
99
6 8
54
120
13
06
90
96 9
64
7 0
19
7 0
74
7 1
29
7 1
84
7 2
39
7 2
94
7 3
49
7 4
04
130
14
07
45
97 5
14
7 5
69
7 6
24
7 6
79
7 7
34
7 7
89
7 8
44
7 9
00
7 9
55
140
15
08
01
08 0
65
8 1
20
8 1
75
8 2
31
8 2
85
8 3
41
8 3
96
8 4
52
8 5
07
150
16
08
56
28 6
18
8 6
73
8 7
28
8 7
83
8 8
39
8 8
94
8 9
49
9 0
05
9 0
60
160
17
09
11
59 1
71
9 2
26
9 2
82
9 3
37
9 3
92
9 4
48
9 5
03
9 5
59
9 6
14
170
18
09
66
99 7
25
9 7
80
9 8
36
9 8
91
9 9
47
10 0
02
10 0
57
10 1
13
10 1
68
180
19
01
0 2
24
10 2
79
10 3
35
10 3
90
10 4
46
10 5
01
10 5
57
10 6
12
10 6
68
10 7
23
190
20
01
0 7
79
10 8
34
10 8
90
10 9
45
11 0
01
11 0
56
11 1
12
11 1
67
11 2
23
11 2
78
200
21
01
1 3
34
11 3
89
11 4
45
11 5
01
11 5
56
11 6
12
11 6
67
11 7
23
11 7
78
11 8
34
210
22
01
1 8
89
11 9
45
12 0
00
12 0
56
12 1
11
12 1
67
12 2
22
12 2
78
12 3
34
12 3
89
220
23
01
2 4
45
12 5
00
12 5
56
12 6
11
12 6
67
12 7
22
12 7
78
12 8
33
12 8
89
12 9
44
230
24
01
3 0
00
13 0
56
13 1
11
13 1
67
13 2
22
13 2
78
13 3
33
13 3
89
13 4
44
13 5
00
240
25
01
3 5
55
13 6
11
13 6
66
13 7
22
13 7
77
13 8
33
13 8
88
13 9
44
13 9
99
14 0
55
250
26
01
4 1
10
14 1
66
14 2
21
14 2
77
14 3
32
14 3
88
14 4
43
14 4
99
14 5
54
14 6
09
260
27
01
4 6
65
14 7
20
14 7
76
14 8
31
14 8
87
14 9
42
14 9
98
15 0
53
15 1
09
15 1
64
270
28
01
5 2
19
15 2
75
15 3
30
15 3
88
15 4
41
15 4
96
15 5
52
15 6
07
15 6
63
15 7
18
280
29
01
5 7
73
15 8
29
15 8
84
15 9
40
15 9
95
16 0
50
16 1
06
16 1
61
16 2
16
16 2
72
290
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
20
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
Type
J: I
ron/
copp
er-n
icke
l (co
ntin
ued)
(2)
23
Iron
/cop
per-n
icke
l (co
ntin
ued)
(4)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe J
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
60
03
3 1
02
33 1
61
33 2
19
33 2
78
33 3
37
33 3
95
33 4
54
33 5
13
33 5
71
33 6
30
600
61
03
3 6
89
33 7
48
33 8
07
33 8
66
33 9
25
33 9
84
34 0
43
34 1
02
34 1
61
34 2
20
610
62
03
4 2
79
34 3
38
34 3
97
34 4
57
34 5
16
34 5
75
34 6
35
34 6
94
34 7
54
34 8
13
620
63
03
4 6
73
34 9
32
34 9
92
35 0
51
35 1
11
35 1
71
35 2
30
35 2
90
35 3
50
35 4
10
630
64
03
5 4
70
35 5
30
35 5
90
35 6
50
35 7
10
35 7
70
35 8
30
35 8
90
35 9
50
36 0
10
640
65
03
6 0
71
36 1
31
36 1
91
36 2
52
36 3
12
36 3
73
36 4
33
36 4
94
36 5
54
36 6
15
650
66
03
6 6
75
36 7
36
36 7
97
36 8
58
36 9
18
36 9
79
37 0
40
37 1
01
37 1
62
37 2
23
660
67
03
7 2
84
37 3
45
37 4
06
37 4
67
37 5
28
37 5
90
37 6
51
37 7
12
37 7
73
37 8
35
670
68
03
7 8
96
37 9
58
38 0
19
38 0
81
38 1
42
38 2
04
38 2
65
38 3
27
38 3
89
38 4
50
680
69
03
8 5
12
38 5
74
38 6
36
38 6
98
38 7
60
38 8
22
38 8
84
38 9
46
39 0
08
39 0
70
690
70
03
9 1
32
39 1
94
39 2
56
39 3
18
39 3
81
39 4
43
39 5
05
39 5
88
39 6
30
39 6
93
700
71
03
9 7
55
39 8
18
39 8
80
39 9
43
40 0
05
40 0
68
40 1
31
40 1
93
40 2
56
40 3
19
710
72
04
0 3
82
40 4
45
40 5
08
40 5
70
40 6
33
40 6
96
40 7
59
40 8
22
40 8
86
40 9
49
720
73
04
1 0
12
41 0
75
41 1
38
41 2
01
41 2
65
41 3
28
41 3
91
41 4
55
41 5
18
41 5
81
730
74
04
1 6
45
41 7
08
41 7
72
41 8
35
41 8
99
41 9
62
42 0
26
42 0
90
42 1
53
42 2
17
740
75
04
2 2
81
42 3
44
42 4
06
42 4
72
42 5
36
42 5
99
42 6
63
42 7
27
42 7
91
42 8
55
750
76
04
2 9
19
42 9
83
43 0
47
43 1
11
43 1
75
43 2
39
43 3
03
43 3
67
43 4
31
43 4
95
760
77
04
3 5
59
43 6
24
43 6
88
43 7
52
43 8
17
43 8
81
43 9
45
44 0
10
44 0
74
44 1
39
770
78
04
4 2
03
44 2
67
44 3
32
44 3
96
44 4
61
44 5
25
44 5
90
44 6
55
44 7
19
44 7
84
780
79
04
4 8
48
44 9
13
44 9
77
45 0
42
45 1
07
45 1
71
45 2
36
45 3
01
45 3
65
45 4
30
790
80
04
5 4
94
45 5
59
45 6
24
45 6
88
45 7
53
45 8
18
45 8
82
45 9
47
46 0
11
46 0
76
800
81
04
6 1
41
46 2
05
46 2
70
46 3
15
46 3
99
46 4
64
46 6
28
46 5
93
46 6
57
46 7
22
810
82
04
6 7
86
46 8
51
46 9
15
46 9
80
47 0
44
47 1
09
47 1
73
47 2
38
47 3
02
47 3
67
820
83
04
7 4
31
47 4
95
47 5
60
47 6
24
47 6
88
47 7
53
47 8
17
47 8
81
47 9
46
48 0
10
830
84
04
8 0
74
48 1
38
48 2
02
48 2
67
48 3
31
48 3
95
48 4
59
48 5
23
48 5
87
48 6
51
840
85
04
8 7
15
48 7
79
48 8
43
48 9
07
48 9
71
49 0
34
49 0
98
49 1
62
49 2
26
49 2
90
850
86
04
9 3
53
49 4
17
49 4
81
49 5
44
49 6
08
49 6
72
49 7
35
49 7
99
49 8
62
49 9
26
860
87
04
9 9
89
50 5
20
50 1
16
50 1
79
50 2
43
50 3
06
50 3
69
50 4
32
50 4
95
50 5
59
870
88
05
0 6
22
50 6
85
50 7
48
50 8
11
50 8
74
50 9
37
51 0
00
51 0
63
51 1
26
51 1
88
880
89
05
1 2
51
51 3
14
51 3
77
51 4
39
51 5
02
51 5
65
51 6
27
51 6
90
51 7
52
51 8
15
890
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
21
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
Type
J: I
ron/
copp
er-n
icke
l (co
ntin
ued)
(3)
23
Iron
/cop
per-n
icke
l (co
ntin
ued)
(4)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe J
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
60
03
3 1
02
33 1
61
33 2
19
33 2
78
33 3
37
33 3
95
33 4
54
33 5
13
33 5
71
33 6
30
600
61
03
3 6
89
33 7
48
33 8
07
33 8
66
33 9
25
33 9
84
34 0
43
34 1
02
34 1
61
34 2
20
610
62
03
4 2
79
34 3
38
34 3
97
34 4
57
34 5
16
34 5
75
34 6
35
34 6
94
34 7
54
34 8
13
620
63
03
4 6
73
34 9
32
34 9
92
35 0
51
35 1
11
35 1
71
35 2
30
35 2
90
35 3
50
35 4
10
630
64
03
5 4
70
35 5
30
35 5
90
35 6
50
35 7
10
35 7
70
35 8
30
35 8
90
35 9
50
36 0
10
640
65
03
6 0
71
36 1
31
36 1
91
36 2
52
36 3
12
36 3
73
36 4
33
36 4
94
36 5
54
36 6
15
650
66
03
6 6
75
36 7
36
36 7
97
36 8
58
36 9
18
36 9
79
37 0
40
37 1
01
37 1
62
37 2
23
660
67
03
7 2
84
37 3
45
37 4
06
37 4
67
37 5
28
37 5
90
37 6
51
37 7
12
37 7
73
37 8
35
670
68
03
7 8
96
37 9
58
38 0
19
38 0
81
38 1
42
38 2
04
38 2
65
38 3
27
38 3
89
38 4
50
680
69
03
8 5
12
38 5
74
38 6
36
38 6
98
38 7
60
38 8
22
38 8
84
38 9
46
39 0
08
39 0
70
690
70
03
9 1
32
39 1
94
39 2
56
39 3
18
39 3
81
39 4
43
39 5
05
39 5
88
39 6
30
39 6
93
700
71
03
9 7
55
39 8
18
39 8
80
39 9
43
40 0
05
40 0
68
40 1
31
40 1
93
40 2
56
40 3
19
710
72
04
0 3
82
40 4
45
40 5
08
40 5
70
40 6
33
40 6
96
40 7
59
40 8
22
40 8
86
40 9
49
720
73
04
1 0
12
41 0
75
41 1
38
41 2
01
41 2
65
41 3
28
41 3
91
41 4
55
41 5
18
41 5
81
730
74
04
1 6
45
41 7
08
41 7
72
41 8
35
41 8
99
41 9
62
42 0
26
42 0
90
42 1
53
42 2
17
740
75
04
2 2
81
42 3
44
42 4
06
42 4
72
42 5
36
42 5
99
42 6
63
42 7
27
42 7
91
42 8
55
750
76
04
2 9
19
42 9
83
43 0
47
43 1
11
43 1
75
43 2
39
43 3
03
43 3
67
43 4
31
43 4
95
760
77
04
3 5
59
43 6
24
43 6
88
43 7
52
43 8
17
43 8
81
43 9
45
44 0
10
44 0
74
44 1
39
770
78
04
4 2
03
44 2
67
44 3
32
44 3
96
44 4
61
44 5
25
44 5
90
44 6
55
44 7
19
44 7
84
780
79
04
4 8
48
44 9
13
44 9
77
45 0
42
45 1
07
45 1
71
45 2
36
45 3
01
45 3
65
45 4
30
790
80
04
5 4
94
45 5
59
45 6
24
45 6
88
45 7
53
45 8
18
45 8
82
45 9
47
46 0
11
46 0
76
800
81
04
6 1
41
46 2
05
46 2
70
46 3
15
46 3
99
46 4
64
46 6
28
46 5
93
46 6
57
46 7
22
810
82
04
6 7
86
46 8
51
46 9
15
46 9
80
47 0
44
47 1
09
47 1
73
47 2
38
47 3
02
47 3
67
820
83
04
7 4
31
47 4
95
47 5
60
47 6
24
47 6
88
47 7
53
47 8
17
47 8
81
47 9
46
48 0
10
830
84
04
8 0
74
48 1
38
48 2
02
48 2
67
48 3
31
48 3
95
48 4
59
48 5
23
48 5
87
48 6
51
840
85
04
8 7
15
48 7
79
48 8
43
48 9
07
48 9
71
49 0
34
49 0
98
49 1
62
49 2
26
49 2
90
850
86
04
9 3
53
49 4
17
49 4
81
49 5
44
49 6
08
49 6
72
49 7
35
49 7
99
49 8
62
49 9
26
860
87
04
9 9
89
50 5
20
50 1
16
50 1
79
50 2
43
50 3
06
50 3
69
50 4
32
50 4
95
50 5
59
870
88
05
0 6
22
50 6
85
50 7
48
50 8
11
50 8
74
50 9
37
51 0
00
51 0
63
51 1
26
51 1
88
880
89
05
1 2
51
51 3
14
51 3
77
51 4
39
51 5
02
51 5
65
51 6
27
51 6
90
51 7
52
51 8
15
890
Type
J: I
ron/
copp
er-n
icke
l (co
ntin
ued)
(4)
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
22
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
24
Iron
/cop
per-n
icke
l (co
ntin
ued)
(5)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
J
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
90
05
1 8
77
51 9
40
52 0
02
52 0
64
52 1
27
52 1
89
52 2
51
52 3
14
52 3
76
52 4
38
900
91
05
2 5
00
52 5
82
52 6
24
52 6
86
52 7
48
52 8
10
52 8
72
52 9
34
52 9
96
53 0
57
910
92
05
3 1
19
53 1
81
53 2
43
53 3
04
53 3
66
53 4
27
53 4
89
53 5
50
53 6
12
53 6
73
920
93
05
3 7
35
53 7
96
53 8
57
53 9
19
53 9
80
54 0
41
54 1
02
54 1
64
54 2
25
54 2
86
930
94
05
4 3
47
54 4
08
54 4
69
54 5
30
54 5
91
54 6
52
54 7
13
54 7
73
54 8
34
54 8
95
940
95
05
4 9
56
55 0
16
55 0
77
55 1
38
55 1
98
55 2
59
55 3
19
55 3
80
55 4
40
55 5
01
950
96
05
5 5
61
55 6
22
55 6
82
55 7
42
55 8
03
55 8
63
55 9
23
55 9
83
56 0
43
56 1
04
960
97
05
6 1
64
56 2
24
56 2
84
56 3
44
56 4
04
56 4
84
56 5
24
56 5
84
56 6
43
56 7
03
970
98
05
6 7
63
56 8
23
56 8
83
56 9
42
57 0
02
57 0
62
57 1
21
57 1
81
57 2
40
57 3
00
980
99
05
7 3
60
57 4
19
57 4
79
57 5
38
57 5
97
57 6
57
57 7
16
57 7
76
57 8
35
57 8
94
990
1 0
00
57
95
358 0
13
58 0
72
58 1
31
58 1
90
58 2
49
58 3
09
58 3
68
58 4
27
58 4
86
1 0
00
1 0
10
58
54
558 6
04
58 6
63
58 4
22
58 7
81
58 8
40
58 8
99
58 9
57
59 0
16
59 0
75
1 0
10
1 0
20
59
13
459 1
93
59 2
52
59 3
10
59 3
69
59 4
28
59 4
87
59 5
45
59 6
04
59 6
63
1 0
20
1 0
30
59
72
159 7
80
59 8
38
59 8
97
59 9
56
60 0
14
60 0
73
60 1
31
60 1
90
60 2
48
1 0
30
1 0
40
60
30
760 3
65
60 4
23
60 4
82
60 5
40
60 5
99
60 6
57
60 7
15
60 7
74
60 8
32
1 0
40
1 0
50
60
89
060 9
49
61 0
07
61 0
65
61 1
23
61 1
82
61 2
40
61 2
98
61 3
56
61 4
15
1 0
50
1 0
60
61
47
361 5
31
61 5
89
61 6
47
61 7
05
61 7
63
61 8
22
61 8
80
61 9
38
61 9
96
1 0
60
1 0
70
62
05
462 1
12
62 1
70
62 2
28
62 2
86
62 3
44
62 4
02
62 4
80
62 5
18
62 5
76
1 0
70
1 0
80
62
63
462 6
92
62 7
50
62 8
08
62 8
66
62 9
24
62 9
82
63 0
40
63 0
98
63 1
56
1 0
80
1 0
90
63
21
463 2
71
63 3
29
63 3
87
63 4
45
63 5
03
63 5
61
63 6
19
63 6
77
63 7
34
1 0
90
1 1
00
63
79
263 8
50
63 9
08
63 9
66
64 0
24
64 0
81
64 1
39
64 1
97
64 2
55
64 3
13
1 1
00
1 1
10
64
37
064 4
28
64 4
86
64 5
44
64 6
02
64 6
59
64 7
17
64 7
75
64 8
33
64 8
90
1 1
10
1 1
20
64
94
865 0
08
65 0
64
65 1
21
65 1
79
65 2
37
65 2
95
65 3
52
65 4
10
65 4
68
1 1
20
1 1
30
65
52
565 5
83
65 6
41
65 6
99
65 7
56
65 8
14
65 8
72
65 9
29
65 9
87
66 0
45
1 1
30
1 1
40
66
10
266 1
60
66 2
18
66 2
75
66 3
33
66 3
91
66 4
48
66 5
06
66 5
64
66 6
21
1 1
40
1 1
50
66
57
966 7
37
66 7
94
66 8
52
68 9
10
66 9
67
67 0
25
67 0
82
67 1
40
67 1
98
1 1
50
1 1
60
67
25
567 3
13
67 3
70
67 4
28
67 4
86
67 5
43
57 6
01
67 6
58
67 7
16
67 7
73
1 1
60
1 1
70
67
83
167 8
88
67 9
46
68 0
03
68 0
61
68 1
19
68 1
76
68 2
34
68 2
91
68 3
48
1 1
70
1 1
80
68
40
668 4
63
68 5
21
68 5
78
68 6
36
68 6
93
68 7
51
68 8
08
66 8
65
68 9
23
1 1
80
1 1
90
68
98
069 0
37
69 0
95
69 1
52
69 2
09
69 2
67
69 3
24
69 3
81
69 4
39
69 4
96
1 1
90
1 2
00
69
55
31 2
00
Type
J: I
ron/
copp
er-n
icke
l (co
ntin
ued)
(5)
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
23
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
25
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
/nic
kel-a
lum
iniu
m (6)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
K
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
-27
0-6
45
8-2
70
-26
0-6
44
1-6
444
-6 4
46
-6 4
48
-6 4
50
-6 4
52
-6 4
53
-6 4
55
-6 4
56
-6457
-260
-25
0-6
40
4-6
408
-6 4
13
-6 4
17
-6 4
21
-6 4
25
-6 4
29
-6 4
32
-6 4
35
-6438
-250
-24
0-6
34
4-6
351
-6 3
58
-6 3
64
-6 3
70
-6 3
77
-6 3
82
-6 3
88
-6 3
93
-6399
-240
-23
0-6
26
2-6
271
-6 2
80
-6 2
89
-6 2
97
-6 3
06
-6 3
14
-6 3
22
-6 3
29
-6337
-230
-22
0-6
15
8-6
170
-6 1
81
-6 1
92
-6 2
02
-6 2
13
-6 2
23
-6 2
33
-6 2
43
-6252
-220
-21
0-6
03
5-6
048
-6 0
61
-6 0
74
-6 0
87
-6 0
99
-6 1
11
-6 1
23
-6 1
35
-6147
-210
-20
0-5
89
1-5
907
-5 9
22
-5 9
36
-5 9
51
-5 9
65
-5 9
80
-5 9
94
-6 0
07
-6021
-200
-19
0-5
73
0-5
747
-5 7
63
-5 7
80
-5 7
97
-5 8
13
-5 8
29
-5 6
45
-5 8
61
-5876
-190
-18
0-5
55
0-5
569
-5 5
88
-5 6
06
-5 6
24
-5 6
42
-5 6
60
-5 6
78
-5 6
95
-5713
-180
-17
0-5
35
4-5
374
-5 3
95
-5 4
15
-5 4
35
-5 4
54
-5 4
74
-5 4
93
-5 5
12
-5531
-170
-16
0-5
14
1-5
163
-5 1
85
-5 2
07
-5 2
28
-5 2
50
-5 2
71
-5 2
92
-5 3
13
-5333
-160
-15
0-4
91
3-4
936
-4 9
60
-4 9
83
-5 0
08
-5 0
29
-5 0
62
-5 0
74
-5 0
97
-5119
-150
-14
0-4
66
9-4
694
-4 7
19
-4 7
44
-4 7
68
-4 7
93
-4 8
17
-4 8
41
-4 8
65
-4889
-140
-13
0-4
41
1-4
437
-4 4
63
-4 4
90
-4 5
16
-4 5
42
-4 5
67
-4 5
93
-4 6
18
-4644
-130
-12
0-4
13
8-4
166
-4 1
94
-4 2
21
-4 2
49
-4 2
76
-4 3
03
-4 3
30
-4 3
57
-4384
-120
-11
0-3
85
2-3
882
-3 9
11
-3 9
39
-3 9
68
-3 9
97
-4 0
25
-4 0
54
-4 0
82
-4110
-110
-10
0-3
55
4-3
584
-3 6
14
-3 6
45
-3 6
75
-3 7
05
-3 7
34
-3 7
64
-3 7
94
-3823
-100
-90
-3 2
43
-3 2
74
-3 3
06
-3 3
37
-3 3
68
-3 4
00
-3 4
31
-3 4
62
-3 4
92
-3523
-90
-80
-2 9
20
-2 9
53
-2 9
86
-3 0
18
-3 0
50
-3 0
83
-3 1
15
-3 1
47
-3 1
79
-3211
-80
-70
-2 5
87
-2 6
20
-3 6
54
-2 6
88
-2 7
21
-2 7
55
-2 7
88
-2 8
21
-2 8
54
-2887
-70
-60
-2 2
43
-2 2
78
-2 3
12
-2 3
47
-2 3
82
-2 4
16
-2 4
50
-2 4
85
-2 5
19
-2553
-60
-50
-1 8
89
-1 9
25
-1 9
61
-1 9
96
-2 0
32
-2 0
67
-2 1
03
-2 1
38
-2 1
73
-2208
-50
-40
-1 5
27
-1 5
64
-1 6
00
-1 6
37
-1 6
73
-1 7
09
-1 7
45
-1782
-1 8
18
-1 8
54
-40
-30
-1 1
56
-1 1
94
-1 2
31
-1 2
66
-1 3
05
-1 3
43
-1 3
80
-1417
-1 4
53
-1 4
90
-30
-20
-77
8-8
16
-854
-892
-930
-968
-1 0
06
-1043
-1 0
81
-1119
-20
-10
-39
2-4
31
-470
-508
-547
-586
-624
-663
-701
-739
-10
00
-39
-79
-118
-157
-197
-236
-275
-314
-353
0
Type
K: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m/n
icke
l-alu
min
ium
(6)
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
24
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
27
Nic
kel –
chro
me/
nick
el-a
lum
iniu
m (su
ite)
Forc
e él
ectr
omot
rice
as
a fu
nction
of te
mpé
ratu
re
Type
K
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
30
01
2 2
09
12 2
50
12 2
91
12 3
33
12 3
74
12 4
16
12 4
57
12 4
99
12 5
40
12 5
82
300
31
01
2 6
24
12 6
65
12 7
07
12 7
48
12 7
90
12 8
31
12 8
73
12 9
15
12 9
56
12 9
98
310
32
01
3 0
40
13 0
81
13 1
23
13 1
65
13 2
06
13 2
48
13 2
90
13 3
31
13 3
73
13 4
15
320
33
01
3 4
57
13 4
98
13 5
40
13 5
82
13 6
24
13 6
65
13 7
07
13 7
49
13 7
91
13 8
33
330
34
01
3 8
74
13 9
16
13 9
58
14 0
00
14 0
42
14 0
84
14 1
26
14 1
67
14 2
09
14 2
51
340
35
01
4 2
93
14 3
35
14 3
77
14 4
19
14 4
61
14 5
03
14 5
45
14 5
87
14 6
29
14 6
71
350
36
01
4 7
13
14 7
55
14 7
97
14 8
39
14 8
81
14 9
23
14 9
85
15 0
07
15 0
49
15 0
91
360
37
01
5 1
33
15 1
75
15 2
17
15 2
59
15 3
01
15 3
43
15 3
85
15 4
27
15 4
69
15 5
11
370
38
01
5 5
54
15 5
96
15 6
38
15 6
80
15 7
22
15 7
84
15 8
06
15 8
49
15 8
91
15 9
33
380
39
01
5 9
75
16 0
17
16 0
59
16 1
02
16 1
44
16 1
86
16 2
28
16 2
70
16 3
13
16 3
55
390
40
01
6 3
97
16 4
39
16 4
82
16 5
24
16 5
86
16 6
08
16 6
51
16 6
93
16 7
35
16 7
78
400
41
01
6 8
20
16 8
82
16 9
04
16 9
47
16 9
89
17 0
31
17 0
74
17 1
16
17 1
58
17 2
01
410
42
01
7 2
43
17 2
85
17 3
28
17 3
70
17 4
13
17 4
55
17 4
97
17 5
40
17 5
82
17 6
24
420
43
01
7 6
67
17 7
09
17 7
52
17 7
94
17 8
37
17 8
79
17 9
21
17 9
64
18 0
06
18 0
49
430
44
01
8 0
91
18 1
34
18 1
76
18 2
18
18 2
61
18 3
03
18 3
46
18 3
88
18 4
31
18 4
73
440
45
01
8 5
16
18 5
58
18 6
01
18 6
43
18 6
86
18 7
28
18 7
71
18 8
13
18 8
56
18 8
98
450
46
01
8 9
41
18 9
83
19 0
26
19 0
68
19 1
11
19 1
54
19 1
96
19 2
39
19 2
81
19 3
24
460
47
01
9 3
68
19 4
09
19 4
51
19 4
94
19 5
37
19 5
79
19 6
22
19 6
64
19 7
07
19 7
50
470
48
01
9 7
92
19 8
35
19 8
77
19 9
20
19 9
62
20 0
05
20 0
48
20 0
90
20 1
33
20 1
75
480
49
02
0 1
28
20 2
61
20 3
03
20 3
46
20 3
89
20 4
31
20 4
74
20 5
16
20 5
59
20 6
02
490
50
02
0 6
44
20 6
87
20 7
30
20 7
72
20 8
15
20 8
57
20 9
00
20 9
43
20 9
85
21 0
28
500
51
02
1 0
71
21 1
13
21 1
56
21 1
99
21 2
41
21 2
84
21 3
26
21 3
89
21 4
12
21 4
54
510
52
02
1 4
97
21 5
40
21 5
82
21 6
25
21 6
68
21 7
10
21 7
53
21 7
96
21 8
38
21 8
81
520
53
02
1 9
24
21 9
66
22 0
09
22 0
52
22 0
94
22 1
37
22 1
79
22 2
22
22 2
65
22 3
07
530
54
02
2 3
50
22 3
93
22 4
35
22 4
78
22 5
21
22 5
83
22 6
06
22 6
49
22 6
91
22 7
34
540
55
02
2 7
76
22 8
19
22 8
62
22 9
04
22 9
47
22 9
90
23 0
32
23 0
75
23 1
17
23 1
60
550
56
02
3 2
03
23 2
45
23 2
88
23 3
31
23 3
73
23 4
16
23 4
58
23 5
01
23 5
44
23 5
86
560
57
02
3 6
29
23 6
71
23 7
14
23 7
57
23 7
99
23 8
42
23 8
84
23 9
27
23 9
70
24 0
12
570
58
02
4 0
55
24 0
97
24 1
40
24 1
82
24 2
25
24 2
67
24 3
10
24 3
53
24 3
95
24 4
38
580
59
02
4 4
80
24 5
23
24 5
65
24 6
08
24 6
50
24 6
93
24 7
35
24 7
78
24 8
20
24 8
63
590
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
K: N
icke
l-chr
ome/
nick
el-a
lum
iniu
m (s
uite
)
25
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
27
Nic
kel –
chro
me/
nick
el-a
lum
iniu
m (su
ite)
Forc
e él
ectr
omot
rice
as
a fu
nction
of te
mpé
ratu
re
Type
K
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
30
01
2 2
09
12 2
50
12 2
91
12 3
33
12 3
74
12 4
16
12 4
57
12 4
99
12 5
40
12 5
82
300
31
01
2 6
24
12 6
65
12 7
07
12 7
48
12 7
90
12 8
31
12 8
73
12 9
15
12 9
56
12 9
98
310
32
01
3 0
40
13 0
81
13 1
23
13 1
65
13 2
06
13 2
48
13 2
90
13 3
31
13 3
73
13 4
15
320
33
01
3 4
57
13 4
98
13 5
40
13 5
82
13 6
24
13 6
65
13 7
07
13 7
49
13 7
91
13 8
33
330
34
01
3 8
74
13 9
16
13 9
58
14 0
00
14 0
42
14 0
84
14 1
26
14 1
67
14 2
09
14 2
51
340
35
01
4 2
93
14 3
35
14 3
77
14 4
19
14 4
61
14 5
03
14 5
45
14 5
87
14 6
29
14 6
71
350
36
01
4 7
13
14 7
55
14 7
97
14 8
39
14 8
81
14 9
23
14 9
85
15 0
07
15 0
49
15 0
91
360
37
01
5 1
33
15 1
75
15 2
17
15 2
59
15 3
01
15 3
43
15 3
85
15 4
27
15 4
69
15 5
11
370
38
01
5 5
54
15 5
96
15 6
38
15 6
80
15 7
22
15 7
84
15 8
06
15 8
49
15 8
91
15 9
33
380
39
01
5 9
75
16 0
17
16 0
59
16 1
02
16 1
44
16 1
86
16 2
28
16 2
70
16 3
13
16 3
55
390
40
01
6 3
97
16 4
39
16 4
82
16 5
24
16 5
86
16 6
08
16 6
51
16 6
93
16 7
35
16 7
78
400
41
01
6 8
20
16 8
82
16 9
04
16 9
47
16 9
89
17 0
31
17 0
74
17 1
16
17 1
58
17 2
01
410
42
01
7 2
43
17 2
85
17 3
28
17 3
70
17 4
13
17 4
55
17 4
97
17 5
40
17 5
82
17 6
24
420
43
01
7 6
67
17 7
09
17 7
52
17 7
94
17 8
37
17 8
79
17 9
21
17 9
64
18 0
06
18 0
49
430
44
01
8 0
91
18 1
34
18 1
76
18 2
18
18 2
61
18 3
03
18 3
46
18 3
88
18 4
31
18 4
73
440
45
01
8 5
16
18 5
58
18 6
01
18 6
43
18 6
86
18 7
28
18 7
71
18 8
13
18 8
56
18 8
98
450
46
01
8 9
41
18 9
83
19 0
26
19 0
68
19 1
11
19 1
54
19 1
96
19 2
39
19 2
81
19 3
24
460
47
01
9 3
68
19 4
09
19 4
51
19 4
94
19 5
37
19 5
79
19 6
22
19 6
64
19 7
07
19 7
50
470
48
01
9 7
92
19 8
35
19 8
77
19 9
20
19 9
62
20 0
05
20 0
48
20 0
90
20 1
33
20 1
75
480
49
02
0 1
28
20 2
61
20 3
03
20 3
46
20 3
89
20 4
31
20 4
74
20 5
16
20 5
59
20 6
02
490
50
02
0 6
44
20 6
87
20 7
30
20 7
72
20 8
15
20 8
57
20 9
00
20 9
43
20 9
85
21 0
28
500
51
02
1 0
71
21 1
13
21 1
56
21 1
99
21 2
41
21 2
84
21 3
26
21 3
89
21 4
12
21 4
54
510
52
02
1 4
97
21 5
40
21 5
82
21 6
25
21 6
68
21 7
10
21 7
53
21 7
96
21 8
38
21 8
81
520
53
02
1 9
24
21 9
66
22 0
09
22 0
52
22 0
94
22 1
37
22 1
79
22 2
22
22 2
65
22 3
07
530
54
02
2 3
50
22 3
93
22 4
35
22 4
78
22 5
21
22 5
83
22 6
06
22 6
49
22 6
91
22 7
34
540
55
02
2 7
76
22 8
19
22 8
62
22 9
04
22 9
47
22 9
90
23 0
32
23 0
75
23 1
17
23 1
60
550
56
02
3 2
03
23 2
45
23 2
88
23 3
31
23 3
73
23 4
16
23 4
58
23 5
01
23 5
44
23 5
86
560
57
02
3 6
29
23 6
71
23 7
14
23 7
57
23 7
99
23 8
42
23 8
84
23 9
27
23 9
70
24 0
12
570
58
02
4 0
55
24 0
97
24 1
40
24 1
82
24 2
25
24 2
67
24 3
10
24 3
53
24 3
95
24 4
38
580
59
02
4 4
80
24 5
23
24 5
65
24 6
08
24 6
50
24 6
93
24 7
35
24 7
78
24 8
20
24 8
63
590
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
K: N
icke
l-chr
ome/
nick
el-a
lum
iniu
m (s
uite
)
26
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
28
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
/nic
kel-a
lum
iniu
m(c
ontinu
ed) (1
0)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
K
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
60
02
4 9
05
24 9
48
24 9
90
25 0
33
25 0
75
25 1
18
25 1
60
25 2
03
25 2
45
25 2
88
600
61
02
5 3
30
25 3
73
25 4
15
25 4
58
25 5
00
25 5
43
25 5
86
25 6
27
25 6
70
25 7
12
610
62
02
5 7
55
25 7
97
25 8
40
25 8
82
25 9
24
25 9
67
26 0
09
26 0
52
26 0
94
26 1
36
620
63
02
6 1
79
26 2
21
26 2
63
26 3
06
26 3
48
26 3
90
26 4
33
26 4
75
26 5
17
26 5
60
630
64
02
6 6
02
26 6
44
26 6
87
26 7
29
26 7
71
26 8
14
26 8
56
26 8
98
26 9
40
26 9
83
640
65
02
7 0
25
27 0
67
27 1
09
27 1
52
27 1
94
27 2
36
27 2
78
27 3
20
27 3
63
27 4
05
650
66
02
7 4
47
27 4
89
27 5
31
27 5
74
27 6
16
27 6
58
27 7
00
27 7
42
27 7
84
27 8
26
660
67
02
7 8
69
27 9
11
27 9
53
27 9
95
28 0
37
28 0
79
28 1
21
28 1
63
28 2
05
28 2
47
670
68
02
8 2
89
28 3
32
28 3
74
26 4
16
28 4
58
28 5
00
28 5
42
28 5
84
28 6
26
28 6
68
680
69
02
8 7
10
28 7
52
28 7
94
28 8
35
28 8
77
28 9
19
28 9
61
29 0
03
29 0
45
29 0
87
690
70
02
9 1
29
29 1
71
29 2
13
29 2
56
29 2
97
29 3
38
29 3
80
29 4
22
29 4
64
29 5
06
700
71
02
9 5
48
29 5
89
29 6
31
29 6
73
29 7
15
29 7
57
29 7
98
29 8
40
29 8
82
29 9
24
710
72
02
9 9
65
30 0
07
30 0
49
30 0
90
30 1
32
30 1
74
30 2
16
30 2
57
30 2
99
30 3
41
720
73
03
0 3
82
30 4
24
30 4
66
30 5
07
30 5
49
30 5
90
30 6
32
30 6
74
30 7
15
30 7
57
730
74
03
0 7
98
30 8
40
30 8
81
30 9
23
30 9
64
31 0
06
31 0
47
31 0
89
31 1
30
31 1
72
740
75
03
1 2
13
31 2
55
31 2
96
31 3
38
31 3
79
31 4
21
31 4
62
31 5
04
31 5
45
31 5
86
750
76
03
1 6
28
31 8
69
31 7
10
31 7
52
31 7
93
31 8
34
31 8
76
31 9
17
31 9
58
32 0
00
760
77
03
2 0
41
32 0
82
32 1
24
32 1
65
32 2
06
32 2
47
32 2
89
32 3
30
32 3
71
32 4
12
770
78
03
2 4
53
32 4
95
32 5
36
32 5
77
32 6
18
32 6
59
32 7
00
32 7
42
32 7
83
32 8
24
780
79
03
2 8
85
32 9
06
32 9
47
32 9
88
33 0
29
33 0
70
33 1
11
33 1
52
33 1
93
33 2
34
790
80
03
3 2
75
33 3
16
33 3
57
33 3
98
33 4
39
33 4
80
33 5
21
33 5
62
33 6
03
33 6
44
800
81
03
3 6
85
33 7
26
33 7
67
33 8
08
33 8
48
33 8
89
33 9
30
33 9
71
34 0
12
34 0
53
810
82
03
4 0
93
34 1
34
34 1
75
34 2
16
34 2
57
34 2
97
34 3
38
34 3
79
34 4
20
34 4
60
820
83
03
4 5
01
34 5
42
34 5
82
34 6
23
34 6
64
34 7
04
34 7
45
34 7
86
34 8
26
34 8
67
830
84
03
4 9
08
34 9
48
34 9
89
35 0
29
35 0
70
35 1
10
35 1
51
35 1
92
35 2
32
35 2
73
840
85
03
5 3
13
35 3
54
35 3
94
35 4
36
35 4
75
35 5
16
35 5
56
35 5
96
35 6
37
35 6
77
850
86
03
5 7
18
35 7
58
35 7
98
35 8
39
35 8
79
35 9
20
35 9
60
36 0
00
36 0
41
36 0
81
860
87
03
6 1
21
36 1
62
36 2
02
36 2
42
36 2
82
36 3
23
36 3
63
36 4
03
36 4
43
36 4
84
870
88
03
6 5
24
36 5
64
36 6
04
36 6
44
36 6
85
36 7
25
36 7
65
36 8
05
36 8
45
36 8
85
880
89
03
6 9
25
36 9
65
37 0
06
37 0
46
37 0
86
37 1
26
37 1
66
37 2
06
37 2
48
37 2
88
890
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
K: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m/n
icke
l-alu
min
ium
(con
tinue
d) (1
0)
27
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
29
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
/nic
kel-a
lum
iniu
m(c
ontinu
ed) (1
1)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
K
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
90
03
7 3
26
37 3
66
37 4
06
37 4
46
37 4
86
37 5
26
37 5
66
37 6
06
37 6
46
37 6
86
900
91
03
7 7
25
37 7
65
37 8
05
37 8
45
37 8
85
37 9
25
37 9
65
38 0
05
38 0
44
38 0
84
910
92
03
8 1
24
38 1
64
38 2
04
38 2
43
38 2
83
38 3
23
38 3
63
38 4
02
38 4
42
38 4
82
920
93
03
8 5
22
38 5
61
38 6
01
38 6
41
38 6
60
38 7
20
38 7
60
38 7
99
38 8
39
38 8
78
930
94
03
8 9
18
38 9
58
38 9
97
39 0
37
39 0
76
39 1
16
39 1
55
39 1
85
39 2
35
39 2
74
940
95
03
9 3
14
39 3
53
39 3
93
39 4
32
39 4
71
39 5
11
39 5
50
39 5
90
39 6
29
39 6
69
950
96
03
9 7
08
39 7
47
39 7
87
39 8
26
39 8
66
39 9
05
39 9
44
39 9
84
40 0
23
40 0
62
960
97
04
0 1
01
40 1
41
40 1
80
40 2
19
40 2
59
40 2
98
40 3
37
40 3
76
40 4
15
40 4
55
970
98
04
0 4
94
40 5
33
40 5
72
40 6
11
40 6
51
40 6
90
40 7
29
40 7
68
40 8
07
40 8
46
980
99
04
0 8
85
40 9
24
40 9
63
41 0
02
41 0
42
41 0
81
41 1
20
41 1
59
41 1
98
41 2
37
990
1 0
00
41
27
641 3
15
41 3
54
41 3
93
41 4
31
41 4
70
41 5
09
41 5
48
41 5
87
41 6
26
1 0
00
1 0
10
41
66
541 7
04
41 7
43
41 7
81
41 8
20
41 8
59
41 8
98
41 9
37
41 9
76
42 0
14
1 0
10
1 0
20
42
05
342 0
92
42 1
31
42 1
69
42 2
08
42 2
47
42 2
86
42 3
24
42 3
63
42 4
02
1 0
20
1 0
30
42
44
042 4
79
42 5
18
42 5
56
42 5
95
42 6
33
42 6
72
42 7
11
42 7
49
42 7
88
1 0
30
1 0
40
42
82
642 8
65
42 9
03
42 9
42
42 9
80
43 0
19
43 0
57
43 0
96
43 1
34
43 1
73
1 0
40
1 0
50
43
21
143 2
50
43 2
88
43 3
27
43 3
65
43 4
03
43 4
42
43 4
80
43 5
18
43 5
57
1 0
50
1 0
60
43
59
543 6
33
43 6
72
43 7
10
43 7
48
43 7
87
43 8
25
43 8
63
43 9
01
43 9
40
1 0
60
1 0
70
43
97
844 0
16
44 0
54
44 0
92
44 1
30
44 1
69
44 2
07
44 2
45
44 2
83
44 3
21
1 0
70
1 0
80
44
35
944 3
97
44 4
35
44 4
73
44 5
12
44 5
50
44 5
88
44 6
26
44 6
64
44 7
02
1 0
80
1 0
90
44
74
044 7
78
44 8
16
44 8
53
44 8
91
44 9
29
44 9
67
45 0
05
45 0
43
45 0
81
1 0
90
1 1
00
45
11
945 1
57
45 1
94
45 2
32
45 2
70
45 3
08
45 3
46
45 3
83
45 4
21
45 4
59
1 1
00
1 1
10
45
49
745 5
34
45 5
72
45 6
10
45 6
47
45 6
85
45 7
23
45 7
60
45 7
98
45 8
36
1 1
10
1 1
20
45
87
345 9
11
45 9
48
45 9
86
46 0
24
46 0
61
46 0
99
46 1
36
46 1
74
46 2
11
1 1
20
1 1
30
46
24
946 2
96
46 3
24
46 3
61
46 3
98
46 4
36
46 4
73
46 5
11
46 5
48
46 5
85
1 1
30
1 1
40
46
62
346 6
60
46 6
97
46 7
35
46 7
72
46 8
09
46 8
47
46 8
84
46 9
21
46 9
58
1 1
40
1 1
50
46
99
547 0
33
47 0
70
47 1
07
47 1
44
47 1
81
47 2
18
47 2
56
47 2
93
47 3
30
1 1
50
1 1
60
47
36
747 4
04
47 4
41
47 4
78
47 5
15
47 5
52
47 5
89
47 6
26
47 6
63
47 7
00
1 1
60
1 1
70
47
73
747 7
74
47 8
11
47 8
48
47 8
84
47 9
21
47 9
58
47 9
95
48 0
32
48 0
69
1 1
70
1 1
80
48
10
548 1
42
48 1
79
48 2
16
48 2
52
48 2
89
48 3
26
48 3
83
48 3
99
48 4
36
1 1
80
1 1
90
48
47
648 5
09
48 5
46
48 5
82
48 6
19
48 6
56
48 6
92
48 7
29
48 7
65
48 8
02
1 1
90
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
K: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m/n
icke
l-alu
min
ium
(con
tinue
d) (1
1)
28
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
30
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
/nic
kel-a
lum
iniu
m (co
nclu
ded)
(12)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
K
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
1 2
00
48
83
848 8
75
48 9
11
48 9
48
48 9
84
49 0
21
49 0
57
49 0
93
49 1
30
49 1
66
1 2
00
1 2
10
49
20
249 2
39
49 2
75
49 3
11
49 3
48
49 3
84
49 4
20
49 4
56
49 4
93
49 5
29
1 2
10
1 2
20
49
56
549 6
01
49 6
37
49 6
74
49 7
10
49 7
46
49 7
82
49 8
18
49 8
54
49 8
90
1 2
20
1 2
30
49
92
649 9
62
49 9
98
50 0
34
50 0
70
50 1
06
50 1
42
50 1
78
50 2
14
50 2
50
1 2
30
1 2
40
50
28
650 3
22
50 3
58
50 3
93
50 4
29
50 4
65
50 5
01
50 5
37
50 5
72
50 6
08
1 2
40
1 2
50
50
64
450 8
80
50 7
15
50 7
51
50 7
87
50 8
22
50 8
58
50 8
94
50 9
29
50 9
65
1 2
50
1 2
60
51
00
051 0
36
51 0
71
51 1
07
51 1
42
51 1
78
51 2
13
51 2
49
51 2
84
51 3
20
1 2
60
1 2
70
51
35
551 3
91
51 4
26
51 4
61
51 4
97
51 5
32
51 5
67
51 6
03
51 6
38
51 6
73
1 2
70
1 2
80
51
70
851 7
44
51 7
79
51 8
14
51 8
49
51 8
85
51 9
20
51 9
55
51 9
90
52 0
25
1 2
80
1 2
90
52
06
052 0
95
52 1
30
52 1
65
52 2
00
52 2
35
52 2
70
52 3
05
52 3
40
52 3
75
1 2
90
1 3
00
52
41
052 4
45
52 4
80
52 5
15
52 5
50
52 5
85
52 6
20
52 6
54
52 6
89
52 7
24
1 3
00
1 3
10
52
75
952 7
94
52 8
28
52 8
63
52 8
98
52 9
32
52 9
67
53 0
02
53 0
37
53 0
71
1 3
10
1 3
20
53
10
653 1
40
53 1
75
53 2
10
53 2
44
53 2
79
53 3
13
53 3
48
53 3
82
53 4
17
1 3
20
1 3
30
53
45
153 4
86
53 5
20
53 5
55
53 5
89
53 6
23
53 6
58
53 6
92
53 7
27
53 7
61
1 3
30
1 3
40
53
79
553 8
30
53 8
64
53 8
98
53 9
32
53 9
67
54 0
01
54 0
35
54 0
69
54 1
04
1 3
40
1 3
50
54
13
854 1
72
54 2
06
54 2
40
54 2
74
54 3
08
54 3
43
54 3
77
54 4
11
54 4
45
1 3
50
1 3
60
54
47
954 5
13
54 5
47
54 5
81
54 6
15
54 8
49
54 6
83
54 7
17
54 7
51
54 7
85
1 3
60
1 3
70
54
81
954 8
52
54 8
86
1 3
70
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
K: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m/n
icke
l-alu
min
ium
(con
clud
ed) (
12)
29
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
31
Nic
kel –
chro
me-
silic
ium
/nic
kel-s
ilici
um F
orce
éle
ctro
mot
rice
en
func
tion
de
la te
mpé
ratu
re
Type
N
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
-27
0-4
34
5
-26
0-4
33
6-4
337
-4 3
39
-4 3
40
-4 3
41
-4 3
42
-4 3
43
-4 3
44
-4 3
44
-4 3
45
-260
-25
0-4
31
3-4
316
-4 3
19
-4 3
21
-4 3
24
-4 3
26
-4 3
28
-4 3
30
-4 3
32
-4 3
34
-250
-24
0-4
27
7-4
281
-4 2
85
-4 2
89
-4 2
93
-4 2
97
-4 3
00
-4 3
04
-4 3
07
-4 3
10
-240
-23
0-4
22
6-4
232
-4 2
38
-4 2
43
-4 2
48
-4 2
54
-4 2
58
-4 2
63
-4 2
68
-4 2
73
-230
-22
0-4
26
1-4
169
-4 1
76
-4 1
83
-4 1
89
-4 1
96
-4 2
02
-4 2
09
-4 2
15
-4 2
21
-220
-21
0-4
08
3-4
091
-4 1
00
-4 1
08
-4 1
16
-4 1
24
-4 1
32
-4 1
40
-4 1
47
-4 1
54
-210
-20
0-3
99
0-4
000
-4 0
10
-4 0
20
-4 0
29
-4 0
38
-4 0
48
-4 0
57
-4 0
66
-4 0
74
-200
-19
0-3
88
4-3
896
-3 9
07
-3 9
18
-3 9
28
-3 9
39
-3 9
50
-3 9
60
-3 9
70
-3 9
80
-190
-18
0-3
76
6-3
776
-3 7
90
-3 8
03
-3 8
15
-3 8
27
-3 8
38
-3 8
50
-3 8
62
-3 8
73
-180
-17
0-3
63
4-3
648
-3 6
62
-3 6
75
-3 6
88
-3 7
02
-3 7
15
-3 7
28
-3 7
40
-3 7
53
-170
-16
0-3
49
1-3
508
-3 5
21
-3 5
35
-3 5
50
-3 5
64
-3 5
78
-3 5
93
-3 6
07
-3 6
21
-160
-15
0-3
33
6-3
352
-3 3
68
-3 3
84
-3 4
00
-3 4
15
-3 4
31
-3 4
46
-3 4
61
-3 4
76
-150
-14
0-3
17
1-3
181
-3 2
05
- 3 2
21
- 3 2
38
-3 2
55
-3 2
71
-3 2
88
-3 3
04
-3 3
20
-140
-13
0-2
99
4-3
012
-3 0
30
-3 0
48
-3 0
66
-3 0
84
-3 1
01
-3 1
19
-3 1
36
-3 1
53
-130
-12
0-2
80
8-2
827
-2 8
46
-2 8
65
-2 8
83
-2 9
02
-2 9
21
-2 9
39
-2 9
58
-2 9
76
-120
-11
0-2
61
2-2
632
-2 6
52
-2 6
72
-2 6
91
-2 7
11
-2 7
30
-2 7
50
-2 7
69
-2 7
89
-110
-10
0-2
40
7-2
428
-2 4
48
-2 4
69
-2 4
90
-2 5
10
-2 5
31
-2 5
51
-2 4
71
-2 5
92
-100
-90
-2 1
93
-2 2
15
-2 2
37
-2 2
58
-2 2
80
-2 3
01
- 2 3
22
-2 3
44
-2 3
65
-2 3
86
-90
-80
-1 9
72
-1 9
95
-2 0
17
-2 0
39
-2 0
62
-2 0
84
-2 1
06
-2 1
28
-2 1
50
-2 1
72
-80
-70
-1 7
44
-1 7
67
-1 7
90
-1 8
13
-1 8
36
-1 8
59
-1 8
82
-1 9
05
-1 9
27
-1 9
50
-70
-60
-1 5
09
-1 5
33
-1 5
57
-1 5
80
-1 6
04
-1 6
27
-1 6
51
-1 6
74
-1 6
98
-1 7
21
-60
-50
-1 2
69
-1 2
93
-1 3
17
-1 3
41
-1 3
66
-1 3
90
-1 4
14
-1 4
38
-1 4
62
-1 4
85
-50
-40
-1 0
23
-1 0
48
-1 0
72
-1 0
97
-1 1
22
-1 1
46
-1 1
71
-1 1
95
-1 2
20
-1 2
44
-40
-30
-77
2-7
98
-823
-848
-873
-898
-923
-948
-973
-998
-30
-20
-51
8-5
44
-569
-595
-620
-646
-671
-696
-722
-747
-20
-10
-26
0-2
86
-312
-338
-364
-390
-415
-441
-467
-492
-10
00
-26
-52
-78
-104
-131
-157
-183
-209
-234
0
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
N: N
icke
l-chr
ome-
silic
ium
/nic
kel-s
ilici
um
30
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
32
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
-silc
on/n
icke
l-silc
on (co
ntin
ued)
(13)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
N
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
00
26
52
78
104
130
156
182
208
235
0
10
26
1287
313
340
366
393
419
446
472
499
10
20
52
5552
578
605
632
659
685
712
739
766
20
30
79
3820
847
874
901
928
955
963
1 0
10
1 0
37
30
40
1 0
65
1 0
92
1 1
19
1 1
47
1 1
74
1 2
02
1 2
29
1 2
57
1 2
84
1 3
12
40
50
1 3
40
1 3
68
1 3
95
1 4
23
1 4
51
1 4
79
1 5
07
1 5
35
1 5
63
1 5
91
50
60
1 6
19
1 6
47
1 6
75
1 7
03
1 7
32
1 7
60
1 7
88
1 8
17
1 8
45
1 8
73
60
70
1 9
02
1 9
30
1 9
59
1 9
88
2 0
16
2 0
45
2 0
74
2 1
02
2 1
31
2 1
60
70
80
2 1
89
2 2
18
2 2
47
2 2
76
2 3
05
2 3
34
2 3
63
2 3
92
2 4
21
2 4
50
80
90
2 4
80
2 5
09
2 5
38
2 5
68
2 5
97
2 6
26
2 6
56
2 6
85
2 7
15
2 7
44
90
10
02
77
42 8
04
2 8
33
2 8
63
2 8
93
2 9
23
2 9
53
2 9
63
3 0
12
3 0
42
100
11
03
07
23 1
02
3 1
33
3 1
63
3 1
93
3 2
23
3 2
53
3 2
83
3 3
14
3 3
44
110
12
03
37
43 4
06
3 4
35
3 4
66
3 4
96
3 5
27
3 5
57
3 5
88
3 6
19
3 6
49
120
13
03
68
03 7
11
3 7
42
3 7
72
3 8
03
3 8
34
3 8
65
3 8
96
3 9
27
3 9
58
130
14
03
98
94 0
20
4 0
51
4 0
63
4 1
14
4 1
45
4 1
76
4 2
08
4 2
39
4 2
70
140
15
04
30
24 3
33
4 3
65
4 3
96
4 4
28
4 4
59
4 4
91
4 5
23
4 5
54
4 5
86
150
16
04
61
84 6
50
4 6
81
4 7
13
4 7
45
4 7
77
4 8
09
4 8
41
4 8
73
4 9
05
160
17
04
93
74 9
69
5 0
01
5 0
33
5 0
66
5 0
98
5 1
30
5 1
62
5 1
95
5 2
27
170
18
05
25
95 2
92
5 3
24
5 3
57
5 3
89
5 4
22
5 4
54
5 4
87
5 5
20
5 5
52
180
19
05
58
55 6
18
5 6
50
5 6
83
5 7
16
5 7
49
5 7
82
5 8
15
5 8
47
5 8
80
190
20
05
91
35 9
46
5 9
79
6 0
13
6 0
46
6 0
79
6 1
12
6 1
45
6 1
78
6 2
11
200
21
06
24
56 2
78
6 3
11
6 3
45
6 3
78
6 4
11
6 4
45
6 4
78
6 5
12
6 5
45
210
22
06
57
96 6
12
6 6
46
6 6
80
6 7
13
6 7
47
6 7
81
6 8
14
6 8
48
6 8
82
220
23
06
91
66 9
49
6 9
83
7 0
17
7 0
51
7 0
85
7 1
19
7 1
53
7 1
87
7 2
21
230
24
07
25
57 2
89
7 3
23
7 3
57
7 3
92
7 4
26
7 4
60
7 4
94
7 5
28
7 5
83
240
25
07
69
77 6
31
7 6
66
7 7
00
7 7
34
7 7
69
7 8
03
7 8
38
7 8
72
7 9
07
250
26
07
94
17 9
76
8 0
10
8 0
45
8 0
80
8 1
14
8 1
49
8 1
84
8 2
18
8 2
53
260
27
08
28
88 3
23
8 3
56
8 3
92
8 4
27
8 4
62
8 4
97
8 5
32
8 5
67
8 6
02
270
28
08
63
78 6
72
8 7
07
8 7
42
8 7
77
8 8
12
8 8
47
8 8
82
8 9
18
8 9
53
280
29
08
98
89 0
23
9 0
58
9 0
94
9 1
29
9 1
84
9 2
00
9 2
35
9 2
70
9 3
06
290
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
N: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m-s
ilcon
/nic
kel-s
ilcon
(con
tinue
d) (1
3)
31
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
33
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
- ,si
licon
e/ni
ckel
-sili
con(
cont
inue
d)Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
N
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
30
09
34
19 3
77
9 4
12
9 4
48
9 4
83
9 5
19
9 5
54
9 5
90
9 6
25
9 6
61
300
31
09
69
59 7
32
9 7
66
9 8
03
9 8
39
9 8
75
9 9
10
9 9
46
9 9
82
10 0
18
310
32
01
0 0
54
10 0
89
10 1
25
10 1
61
10 1
97
10 2
33
10 2
69
10 3
05
10 3
41
10 3
77
320
33
01
0 4
13
10 4
49
10 4
85
10 5
21
10 5
57
10 5
93
10 6
29
10 6
65
10 7
01
10 7
37
330
34
01
0 7
74
10 8
10
10 8
46
10 8
82
10 9
18
10 9
35
10 9
91
11 0
27
11 0
64
11 1
00
340
35
01
1 1
36
11 1
73
11 2
09
11 2
45
11 2
82
11 3
18
11 3
55
11 3
91
11 4
28
11 4
64
350
36
01
1 5
01
11 5
37
11 5
74
11 6
10
11 6
47
11 6
83
11 7
20
11 7
57
11 7
93
11 8
30
360
37
01
1 8
67
11 9
03
11 9
40
11 9
77
12 0
13
12 0
50
12 0
87
12 1
24
12 1
60
12 1
97
370
38
01
2 2
34
12 2
71
12 3
08
12 3
45
12 3
82
12 4
18
12 4
55
12 4
92
12 5
29
12 5
66
380
39
01
2 6
03
12 6
40
12 6
77
12 7
14
12 7
51
12 7
88
12 8
25
12 8
62
12 8
99
12 9
37
390
40
01
2 9
74
13 0
11
13 0
48
13 0
85
13 1
22
13 1
59
13 1
97
13 2
34
12 2
71
13 3
08
400
41
01
3 3
46
13 3
83
13 4
20
13 4
57
13 4
95
13 5
32
13 5
69
13 6
07
13 6
44
13 6
82
410
42
01
3 7
19
13 7
56
13 7
94
13 8
31
13 8
69
13 9
06
13 9
44
13 9
81
14 0
19
14 0
56
420
43
01
4 0
94
14 1
31
13 1
69
14 2
06
14 2
44
14 2
81
14 3
19
14 3
56
14 3
94
14 4
32
430
44
01
4 4
69
14 5
07
14 5
45
14 5
82
14 6
20
14 6
58
14 6
95
14 7
33
14 7
71
14 8
09
440
45
01
4 8
46
14 8
84
14 9
22
14 9
60
14 9
98
15 0
35
15 0
73
15 1
11
15 1
49
15 1
87
450
46
01
5 2
25
15 2
62
15 3
00
15 3
38
15 3
76
15 4
14
15 4
52
15 4
90
15 5
28
15 5
66
460
47
01
5 6
04
15 6
42
15 6
80
15 7
18
15 7
56
15 7
94
15 8
32
15 8
70
15 9
08
15 9
46
470
48
01
5 9
84
16 0
22
16 0
60
16 0
99
16 1
37
16 1
76
16 2
13
16 2
51
16 2
89
16 3
27
480
49
01
6 3
68
16 4
04
16 4
42
16 4
80
16 5
18
16 5
57
16 5
95
16 6
33
16 6
71
16 7
10
490
50
01
6 7
48
16 7
66
16 8
24
16 8
63
16 9
01
16 9
39
16 9
78
17 0
16
17 0
54
17 0
93
500
51
01
7 1
31
17 1
69
17 2
08
17 2
46
17 2
85
17 3
23
17 3
61
17 4
00
17 4
38
17 4
77
510
52
01
7 5
15
17 5
54
17 5
92
17 6
30
17 6
69
17 7
07
17 7
46
17 7
84
17 8
23
17 8
81
520
53
01
7 9
00
17 9
38
17 9
77
18 0
16
18 0
54
18 0
93
18 1
31
18 1
70
18 2
08
18 2
47
530
54
01
8 2
86
18 3
24
18 3
63
18 4
01
18 4
40
18 4
79
18 5
17
18 5
56
18 5
95
18 6
33
540
55
01
8 6
72
18 7
11
18 7
49
18 7
88
18 8
27
18 8
65
18 9
04
18 9
43
18 9
82
19 0
20
550
56
01
9 0
59
19 0
88
19 1
36
19 1
75
19 2
14
19 2
53
19 2
92
19 3
30
19 3
69
19 4
08
560
57
01
9 4
47
19 4
85
19 5
24
19 5
83
19 6
02
19 6
41
19 6
80
19 7
18
19 7
57
19 7
96
570
58
01
9 8
35
19 8
74
19 9
13
19 9
52
19 9
90
20 0
29
20 0
68
20 1
07
20 1
46
20 1
85
580
59
02
0 2
24
20 2
63
20 3
02
20 3
41
20 3
79
20 4
18
20 4
57
20 4
96
20 5
35
20 5
74
590
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
N: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m-s
ilico
ne/n
icke
l-sili
con
(con
tinue
d)
32
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
34
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
- ,si
licon
e/ni
ckel
-sili
con(
cont
inue
d)Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
N
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
60
02
0 6
13
20 6
52
20 6
91
20 7
30
20 7
69
20 8
08
20 8
47
20 8
85
20 9
25
20 9
84
600
61
02
0 0
13
21 0
42
21 0
81
21 1
20
21 1
59
21 1
98
21 2
37
21 2
76
21 3
15
21 3
54
610
62
02
1 3
93
21 4
32
21 4
71
21 5
10
21 5
49
21 5
88
21 6
28
21 6
67
21 7
06
21 7
45
620
63
02
1 7
84
21 8
23
21 8
62
21 9
01
21 9
40
21 9
79
22 0
18
22 0
58
22 0
97
22 1
36
630
64
02
2 1
75
22 2
14
22 2
53
22 2
92
22 3
31
22 3
70
22 4
10
22 4
49
22 4
88
22 5
27
640
65
02
2 5
66
22 6
05
22 6
44
22 6
84
22 7
23
22 7
62
22 8
01
22 8
40
22 8
79
22 9
19
650
66
02
2 9
58
22 9
97
23 0
36
23 0
75
23 1
15
23 1
54
23 1
93
23 2
32
23 2
71
23 3
11
660
67
02
3 3
50
23 3
89
23 4
28
23 4
67
23 5
07
23 5
46
23 5
85
23 6
24
23 6
63
23 7
03
670
68
02
3 7
42
23 7
81
23 8
20
23 8
60
23 8
99
23 9
38
23 9
77
24 0
16
24 0
56
24 0
95
680
69
02
4 1
34
24 1
73
24 2
13
24 2
52
24 2
91
24 3
30
24 3
70
24 4
09
24 4
48
24 4
87
690
70
02
4 5
27
24 5
66
24 6
05
24 6
44
24 6
84
24 7
23
24 7
62
24 8
01
24 8
41
24 8
80
700
71
02
4 9
19
24 9
59
24 9
98
25 0
37
25 0
76
25 1
16
25 1
55
25 1
94
25 2
33
25 2
73
710
72
02
5 3
12
25 3
51
25 3
91
25 4
30
25 4
69
25 5
08
25 5
48
25 5
87
25 6
25
25 6
66
720
73
02
5 7
05
25 7
44
25 7
83
25 8
23
25 8
62
25 9
01
25 9
41
25 9
80
26 0
19
26 0
58
730
74
02
6 0
98
26 1
37
26 1
76
26 2
16
26 2
55
26 2
94
26 3
33
26 3
73
26 4
12
26 5
41
740
75
02
6 4
91
26 5
30
26 5
69
26 6
08
26 6
48
26 6
87
26 7
26
26 7
66
26 8
05
26 8
44
750
76
02
6 8
33
26 9
23
26 9
62
27 0
01
27 0
41
27 0
80
27 1
19
27 1
58
27 1
98
27 2
37
760
77
02
7 2
78
27 3
16
27 3
55
27 3
94
27 4
33
27 4
73
27 5
12
27 5
51
27 5
91
27 6
30
770
78
02
7 6
69
27 7
08
27 7
48
27 7
87
27 8
26
27 8
66
27 9
05
27 9
44
27 9
83
28 0
23
780
79
02
8 0
62
28 1
01
28 1
40
28 1
80
28 2
19
28 2
58
28 2
97
28 3
37
28 3
76
28 4
15
790
80
02
8 4
56
28 4
94
28 5
33
28 5
72
28 6
12
28 6
51
28 6
90
28 7
29
28 7
69
28 8
08
800
81
02
8 8
47
28 8
86
28 9
26
28 9
65
29 0
04
29 0
43
29 0
88
29 1
22
29 1
61
29 2
00
810
82
02
9 2
39
29 2
79
29 3
18
29 3
67
29 3
96
29 4
36
29 4
75
29 5
14
29 5
53
29 5
92
820
83
02
9 6
32
29 6
71
29 7
10
29 7
49
29 7
89
29 8
28
29 8
67
29 9
06
29 9
45
29 9
85
830
84
03
0 0
24
30 0
63
30 1
02
30 1
41
30 1
81
30 2
20
30 2
59
30 2
98
30 3
37
30 3
78
840
85
03
0 4
16
30 4
55
30 4
94
30 5
33
30 5
72
30 6
11
30 6
51
30 6
90
30 7
29
30 7
68
850
86
03
0 8
07
30 8
46
30 8
86
30 9
25
30 9
64
31 0
03
31 0
42
31 0
81
31 1
20
31 1
60
860
87
03
1 1
99
31 2
38
31 2
77
31 3
16
31 3
55
31 3
94
31 4
33
31 4
73
31 5
12
31 5
51
870
88
03
1 5
90
31 6
29
31 6
68
31 7
07
31 7
46
31 7
85
31 8
24
31 8
63
31 9
03
31 9
42
880
89
03
1 9
81
32 0
20
32 0
59
32 0
98
32 1
37
32 1
76
32 2
15
32 2
54
32 2
93
32 3
32
890
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
N: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m-s
ilico
ne/n
icke
l-sili
con
(con
tinue
d)
33
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
35
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
-sili
con/
nick
elsi
licon
(co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
N
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
90
03
2 3
71
32 4
10
32 4
49
32 4
88
32 5
27
32 5
66
32 6
05
32 6
44
32 6
83
32 7
22
900
91
03
2 7
61
32 8
00
32 8
39
32 8
78
32 9
17
32 9
56
32 9
95
33 0
34
33 0
73
33 1
12
910
92
03
3 1
51
33 1
90
33 2
29
33 2
68
33 3
07
33 3
46
33 3
85
33 4
24
33 4
63
33 5
02
920
93
03
3 5
41
33 5
80
33 6
19
33 6
58
33 6
97
33 7
36
33 7
74
33 8
13
33 8
52
33 8
91
930
94
03
3 9
30
33 9
69
34 0
08
34 0
47
34 0
86
34 1
24
34 1
63
34 2
02
34 2
41
34 2
80
940
95
03
4 3
19
34 3
58
34 3
96
34 4
35
34 4
74
34 5
13
34 5
52
34 5
91
34 6
29
34 6
68
950
96
03
4 7
07
34 7
46
34 7
85
34 8
23
34 8
62
34 9
01
34 9
40
34 9
79
35 0
17
35 0
56
960
97
03
5 0
95
35 1
34
35 1
72
35 2
11
35 2
50
35 2
89
35 3
27
35 3
66
35 4
05
35 4
44
970
98
03
5 4
82
35 5
21
35 5
60
35 5
98
35 6
37
35 6
76
35 7
14
35 7
53
35 7
92
35 8
31
980
99
03
5 8
69
35 9
08
35 9
46
35 9
85
36 0
24
36 0
62
36 1
01
36 1
40
36 1
78
36 2
17
990
1 0
00
36
25
636 2
94
36 3
33
36 3
71
36 4
10
36 4
49
36 4
87
36 5
26
36 5
64
36 6
03
1 0
00
1 0
10
36
64
136 6
80
36 7
18
36 7
57
36 7
96
36 8
34
36 8
73
36 9
11
36 9
50
36 9
88
1 0
10
1 0
20
37
02
737 0
65
37 1
04
37 1
42
37 1
81
37 2
19
37 2
58
37 2
96
37 3
34
37 3
73
1 0
20
1 0
30
37
41
137 4
50
37 4
88
37 5
27
37 5
65
37 6
03
37 6
42
37 6
80
37 7
19
37 7
57
1 0
30
1 0
40
37
79
537 8
34
37 8
72
37 9
11
37 9
49
37 9
67
38 0
26
38 0
64
38 1
02
38 1
41
1 0
40
1 0
50
38
17
938 2
17
38 2
56
38 2
94
38 3
32
38 3
70
38 4
09
38 4
47
38 4
85
38 5
24
1 0
50
1 0
60
38
56
238 6
00
38 6
38
38 6
77
38 7
15
38 7
53
38 7
91
38 8
29
38 8
68
38 9
06
1 0
60
1 0
70
38
94
438 9
82
39 0
20
39 0
59
39 0
97
39 1
35
39 1
73
39 2
11
39 2
49
39 2
87
1 0
70
1 0
80
39
32
639 3
64
39 4
02
39 4
40
39 4
78
39 5
16
39 5
54
39 5
92
39 6
30
39 6
68
1 0
80
1 0
90
39
70
639 7
44
39 7
83
39 8
21
39 8
59
39 8
97
39 9
35
39 9
73
40 0
11
40 0
49
1 0
90
1 1
00
40
08
740 1
25
40 1
63
40 2
01
40 2
38
40 2
76
40 3
14
40 3
52
40 3
90
40 4
28
1 1
00
1 1
10
40
46
640 5
04
40 5
42
40 5
80
40 6
18
40 6
55
40 6
93
40 7
31
40 7
69
40 8
07
1 1
10
1 1
20
40
84
540 6
83
40 9
20
40 9
58
40 9
96
41 0
34
41 0
72
41 1
09
41 1
47
41 1
85
1 1
20
1 1
30
41
22
341 2
60
41 2
98
41 3
36
41 3
74
41 4
11
41 4
49
41 4
87
41 5
25
41 5
62
1 1
30
1 1
40
41
60
041 6
38
41 6
75
41 7
13
41 7
51
41 7
88
41 8
26
41 8
64
41 9
01
41 9
39
1 1
40
1 1
50
41
97
642 0
14
42 0
52
42 0
89
42 1
27
42 1
64
42 2
02
42 2
39
42 2
77
42 3
14
1 1
50
1 1
60
42
35
242 3
90
42 4
27
42 4
65
42 5
02
42 5
40
42 5
77
42 6
14
42 6
52
42 6
89
1 1
60
1 1
70
42
72
742 7
64
42 8
02
42 8
39
42 8
77
42 9
14
42 9
51
42 9
89
43 0
26
43 0
64
1 1
70
1 1
80
43
10
143 1
38
43 1
76
43 2
13
43 2
50
43 2
88
43 3
25
43 3
62
43 3
99
43 4
37
1 1
80
1 1
90
43
47
443 5
11
43 5
49
43 5
86
43 6
23
43 6
60
43 6
98
43 7
35
43 7
72
43 8
09
1 1
90
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
N: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m-s
ilico
n/ni
ckel
-sili
con
(con
tinue
d)
34
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
36
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
-sili
con/
nick
el-s
ilico
nEle
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
N
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
1 2
00
43
84
643 8
84
43 9
21
43 9
58
43 9
95
44 0
32
44 0
69
44 1
06
44 1
44
44 1
81
1 2
00
1 2
10
44
21
844 2
55
44 2
92
44 3
29
44 3
66
44 4
03
44 4
40
44 4
77
44 5
14
44 5
51
1 2
10
1 2
20
44
58
844 6
25
44 6
62
44 6
99
44 7
36
44 7
73
44 8
10
44 8
47
44 8
84
44 9
21
1 2
20
1 2
30
44
95
844 9
95
45 0
32
45 0
69
45 1
05
45 1
42
45 1
79
45 2
16
45 2
53
45 2
90
1 2
30
1 2
40
45
32
645 3
63
45 4
00
45 4
37
45 4
74
45 5
10
45 5
47
45 5
84
45 6
21
45 6
57
1 2
40
1 2
50
45
69
445 7
31
45 7
67
45 8
04
45 8
41
45 8
77
45 9
14
45 9
51
45 9
87
46 0
24
1 2
50
1 2
60
46
06
046 0
97
46 1
33
46 1
70
46 2
07
46 2
43
46 2
80
46 3
16
46 3
53
46 3
89
1 2
60
1 2
70
46
42
546 4
62
46 4
98
46 5
35
46 5
71
46 6
08
46 6
44
46 6
80
46 7
17
46 7
53
1 2
70
1 2
80
46
78
946 8
26
46 8
62
46 8
98
46 9
35
46 9
71
47 0
07
47 0
43
47 0
79
47 1
16
1 2
80
1 2
90
47
15
247 1
88
47 2
24
47 2
60
47 2
96
47 3
33
47 3
69
47 4
05
47 4
41
47 4
77
1 2
90
1 3
00
47
51
31 3
00
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
N: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m-s
ilico
n/ni
ckel
-sili
con
35
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
37
Cop
per/
copp
er-n
icke
lEle
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
T
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
-27
0-6
25
8-2
70
-26
0-6
23
2-6
236
-6 2
39
-6 2
42
-6 2
45
-6 2
48
-6 2
51
-6 2
53
-6 2
55
-6 2
56
-260
-25
0-6
18
0-6
187
-6 1
93
-6 1
98
-6 2
04
-6 2
09
-6 2
14
-6 2
19
-6 2
23
-6 2
28
-250
-24
0-6
10
5-6
114
-6 1
22
-6 1
30
-6 1
38
-6 1
46
-6 1
53
-6 1
60
-6 1
67
-6 1
74
-240
-23
0-6
00
7-6
017
-6 0
28
-6 0
38
-6 0
49
-6 0
59
-6 0
68
-6 0
78
-6 0
87
-6 0
96
-230
-22
0-5
88
8-5
901
-5 9
14
-5 9
26
-5 9
38
-5 9
50
-5 9
62
-5 9
73
-5 9
85
-5 9
96
-220
-21
0-5
75
3-5
767
-5 7
82
-5 7
95
-5 8
09
-5 8
23
-5 8
36
-5 8
50
-5 8
63
-5 8
76
-210
-20
0-5
60
3-5
619
-5 6
34
-5 6
50
-5 6
65
-5 6
80
-5 6
95
-5 7
10
-5 7
24
-5 7
39
-200
-19
0-5
43
9-5
456
-5 4
73
-5 4
89
-5 5
06
-5 5
23
-5 5
39
-5 5
55
-5 5
71
-5 5
87
-190
-18
0-5
26
1-5
279
-5 2
97
-5 3
16
-5 3
34
-5 3
51
-5 3
69
-5 3
87
-5 4
04
-5 4
21
-180
-17
0-5
07
0-5
089
-5 1
09
-5 1
28
-5 1
48
-5 1
67
-5 1
86
-5 2
05
-5 2
24
-5 2
42
-170
-16
0-4
86
5-4
886
-4 9
07
-4 9
28
-4 9
49
-4 9
69
-4 9
89
-5 0
10
-5 0
30
-5 0
50
-160
-15
0-4
64
8-4
671
-4 6
93
-4 7
15
-4 7
37
-4 7
59
-4 7
80
-4 8
02
-4 8
23
-4 8
44
-150
-14
0-4
41
9-4
443
-4 4
66
-4 4
89
-4 5
12
-4 5
35
-4 5
58
-4 5
81
-4 6
04
-4 6
26
-140
-13
0-4
17
7-4
202
-4 2
26
-4 2
51
-4 2
75
-4 3
00
-4 3
24
-4 3
48
-4 3
72
-4 3
95
-130
-12
0-3
92
3-3
949
-3 9
75
-4 0
00
-4 0
26
-4 0
52
-4 0
77
-4 1
02
-4 1
27
-4 1
52
-120
-11
0-3
65
7-3
684
-3 7
11
-3 7
38
-3 7
65
-3 7
91
-3 8
18
-3 8
44
-3 8
71
-3 8
97
-110
-10
0-3
37
9-3
407
-3 4
35
-3 4
63
-3 4
91
-3 5
19
-3 5
47
-3 5
74
-3 6
02
-3 6
29
-100
-90
-3 0
89
-3 1
18
-3 1
48
-3 1
77
-3 2
06
-3 2
35
-3 2
64
-3 2
93
-3 3
22
-3 3
50
-90
-80
-2 7
88
-2 8
18
-2 8
49
-2 8
79
-2 9
10
-2 9
40
-2 9
70
-3 0
00
-3 0
30
-3 0
59
-80
-70
-2 4
76
-2 5
07
-2 5
39
-2 5
71
-2 6
02
-2 6
33
-2 6
64
-2 6
95
-2 7
26
-2 7
57
-70
-60
-2 1
53
-2 1
86
-2 2
18
-2 2
51
-2 2
83
-2 3
16
-2 3
48
-2 3
80
-2 4
12
-2 4
44
-60
-50
-1 8
19
-1 8
53
-1 8
87
-1 9
20
-1 9
54
-1 9
87
-2 0
21
-2 0
54
-2 0
87
-2 1
20
-50
-40
-1 4
75
-1 5
10
-1 5
45
-1 5
79
-1 6
14
-1 6
48
-1 6
63
-1 7
17
-1 7
51
-1 7
85
-40
-30
-1 1
21
-1 1
57
-1 1
92
-1 2
28
-1 2
64
-1 2
99
-1 3
35
-1 3
70
-1 4
05
-1 4
40
-30
-20
-75
7-7
94
-830
-867
-904
-940
-976
-1 0
13
-1 0
49
-1 0
85
-20
-10
-38
3-4
21
-459
-496
-534
-571
-808
-646
-683
-720
-10
00
-39
-77
-116
-154
-193
-231
-269
-307
-345
0
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
T: C
oppe
r/co
pper
-nic
kel
36
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
38
Cop
per/
copp
er-n
icke
l (co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
T
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
00
39
78
117
156
195
234
273
312
352
0
10
39
1431
470
510
549
589
629
669
709
749
10
20
79
0830
870
911
951
992
1 0
33
1 0
74
1 1
14
1 1
65
20
30
1 1
96
1 2
38
1 2
79
1 3
20
1 3
62
1 4
03
1 4
45
1 4
86
1 5
28
1 5
70
30
40
1 6
12
1 6
54
1 6
96
1 7
38
1 7
80
1 8
23
1 8
65
1 9
08
1 9
50
1 9
93
40
50
2 0
36
2 0
79
2 1
22
2 1
65
2 2
08
2 2
51
2 2
94
2 3
38
2 3
81
2 4
25
50
60
2 4
68
2 5
12
2 5
56
2 6
00
2 6
43
2 5
87
2 7
32
2 7
76
2 8
20
2 8
64
60
70
2 9
08
2 9
53
2 9
98
3 0
43
3 0
87
3 1
32
3 1
77
3 2
22
3 2
67
3 3
12
70
80
3 3
58
3 4
03
3 4
48
3 4
94
3 5
39
3 5
85
3 6
31
3 6
77
3 7
22
3 7
68
80
90
3 8
14
3 8
60
3 9
07
3 9
53
3 9
99
4 0
46
4 0
92
4 1
38
4 1
85
4 2
32
90
10
04
27
94 3
25
4 3
72
4 4
19
4 4
66
4 5
13
4 5
61
4 6
08
4 6
55
4 7
02
100
11
04
75
04 7
98
4 8
45
4 8
93
4 9
41
4 9
88
5 0
36
5 0
84
5 1
32
5 1
80
110
12
05
22
85 2
77
5 3
25
5 3
73
5 4
22
5 4
70
5 5
19
5 5
67
5 6
16
5 6
65
120
13
05
71
45 7
63
5 8
12
5 8
61
5 9
10
5 9
59
6 0
08
6 0
57
6 1
07
6 1
56
130
14
06
20
66 2
55
6 3
05
6 3
55
6 4
04
5 4
54
6 5
04
6 5
54
6 6
04
6 6
54
140
15
06
70
46 7
54
6 8
05
6 8
55
6 9
05
6 9
56
7 0
08
7 0
57
7 1
07
7 1
58
150
16
07
20
97 2
60
7 3
10
7 3
61
7 4
12
7 4
63
7 5
15
7 5
66
7 6
17
7 6
68
160
17
07
72
07 7
71
7 8
23
7 8
74
7 9
26
7 9
77
8 0
29
8 0
81
8 1
33
8 1
85
170
18
08
23
78 2
89
8 3
41
8 3
93
8 4
45
8 4
97
8 5
50
8 8
02
8 6
54
8 7
07
180
19
08
75
98 8
12
8 8
65
8 9
17
8 9
70
9 0
23
9 0
76
9 1
29
9 1
82
9 2
35
190
20
09
28
89 3
41
9 3
95
9 4
48
9 5
01
9 5
55
9 6
06
9 6
62
9 7
15
9 7
69
200
21
09
82
29 8
74
9 9
30
9 9
84
10 0
38
10 0
92
10 1
46
10 2
00
10 2
54
10 3
08
210
22
01
0 3
62
10 4
17
10 4
71
10 5
25
10 5
80
10 6
34
10 6
89
10 7
43
10 7
98
10 8
53
220
23
01
0 9
07
10 9
62
11 0
17
11 0
72
11 1
27
11 1
82
11 2
37
11 2
92
11 3
47
11 4
03
230
24
01
1 4
58
11 5
13
11 5
69
11 6
24
11 6
80
11 7
35
11 7
91
11 8
46
11 9
02
11 9
58
240
25
01
2 0
13
12 0
69
12 1
25
12 1
81
12 2
37
12 2
93
12 3
49
12 4
05
12 4
61
12 5
18
250
26
01
2 5
74
12 6
30
12 6
87
12 7
43
12 7
99
12 8
56
12 9
12
12 9
69
13 0
26
13 0
82
260
27
01
3 1
39
13 1
96
13 2
53
13 3
10
13 3
66
13 4
23
13 4
80
13 5
37
13 5
95
13 6
52
270
28
01
3 7
09
13 7
66
13 8
23
13 8
81
13 9
38
13 9
95
14 0
53
14 1
10
14 1
68
14 2
26
280
29
01
4 2
83
14 3
41
14 3
99
14 4
56
14 5
14
14 5
72
14 6
30
14 6
88
14 7
46
14 8
04
290
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
T: C
oppe
r/co
pper
-nic
kel (
cont
inue
d)
37
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
39
Cop
per/
copp
er-n
icke
l(con
clud
ed)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe T
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
30
01
4 8
62
14 9
20
14 9
78
15 0
36
15 0
95
15 1
53
15 2
11
15 2
70
15 3
28
15 3
86
300
31
01
5 4
45
15 5
03
15 5
62
15 6
21
15 6
79
15 7
38
15 7
97
15 8
56
15 9
14
15 9
73
310
32
01
6 0
32
16 0
91
16 1
50
16 2
09
16 2
68
16 3
27
16 3
87
16 4
46
16 5
05
16 5
64
320
33
01
6 6
24
16 6
83
16 7
42
16 8
02
16 8
61
16 9
21
16 9
80
17 0
40
17 1
00
17 1
59
330
34
01
7 2
19
17 2
79
17 3
39
17 3
99
17 4
58
17 5
18
17 5
78
17 6
38
17 6
98
17 7
59
340
35
01
7 8
19
17 8
79
17 9
39
17 9
99
18 0
60
18 1
20
18 1
80
18 2
41
18 3
01
18 3
62
350
36
01
8 4
22
18 4
83
18 5
43
18 6
04
18 6
65
18 7
25
18 7
86
18 8
47
18 9
08
18 9
69
360
37
01
9 0
30
19 0
91
19 1
52
19 2
13
19 2
74
19 3
35
19 3
96
19 4
57
19 5
18
19 5
79
370
38
01
9 6
41
19 7
02
19 7
63
19 8
25
19 8
86
19 9
47
20 0
09
20 0
70
20 1
32
20 1
93
380
39
02
0 2
55
20 3
17
20 3
78
20 4
40
20 5
02
20 5
63
20 6
25
20 6
87
20 7
48
20 8
10
390
40
02
0 8
72
400
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
T: C
oppe
r/co
pper
-nic
kel (
conc
lude
d)
38
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
40
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
/cop
per-n
icke
lEle
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
E
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
-27
0-9
83
5
-270
-26
0-9
79
7-9
802
-9 8
08
-9 8
13
-9 8
17
-9 8
21
-9 8
25
-9 8
28
-9 8
31
-9 8
33
-260
-25
0-9
71
8-9
728
-9 7
37
-9 7
46
-9 7
54
-9 7
62
-9 7
70
-9 7
77
-9 7
84
-9 7
90
-250
-24
0-9
60
4-9
617
-9 6
30
-9 6
42
-9 6
54
-9 6
66
-9 6
77
-9 6
88
-9 6
98
-9 7
09
-240
-23
0-9
45
5-9
471
-9 4
87
-9 5
03
-9 5
19
-9 5
34
-9 5
48
-9 5
63
-9 5
77
-9 5
91
-230
-22
0-9
27
4-9
293
-9 3
13
-9 3
31
-9 3
50
-9 3
68
-9 3
86
-9 4
04
-9 4
21
-9 4
38
-220
-21
0-9
06
3-9
085
-9 1
07
-9 1
29
-9 1
51
-9 1
72
-9 1
93
-9 2
14
-9 2
34
-9 2
54
-210
-20
0-8
82
5-8
850
-8 8
74
-8 8
99
-8 9
23
-8 9
47
-8 9
71
-8 9
94
-9 0
17
-9 0
40
-200
-19
0-8
56
1-8
588
-8 6
16
-8 6
43
-8 6
69
-8 6
96
-8 7
22
-8 7
48
-8 7
74
-8 7
99
-190
-18
0-8
27
3-8
303
-8 3
33
-8 3
62
-8 3
91
-8 4
20
-8 4
49
-8 4
77
-8 5
05
-8 5
33
-180
-17
0-7
96
3-7
995
-8 0
27
-8 0
59
-8 0
90
-8 1
21
-8 1
52
-8 1
83
-8 2
13
-8 2
43
-170
-16
0-7
63
2-7
666
-7 7
00
-7 7
33
-7 7
67
-7 8
00
-7 8
33
-7 8
66
-7 8
99
-7 9
31
-160
-15
0-7
27
9-7
315
-7 3
51
-7 3
87
-7 4
23
-7 4
58
-7 4
93
-7 5
28
-7 5
63
-7 5
97
-150
-14
0-6
90
7-6
945
-6 9
83
-7 0
21
-7 0
58
-7 0
96
-7 1
33
-7 1
70
-7 2
06
-7 2
43
-140
-13
0-6
51
6-6
556
-6 5
96
-6 6
36
-6 6
75
-6 7
14
-6 7
53
-6 7
92
-6 8
31
-6 6
69
-130
-12
0-6
10
7-6
149
-6 1
91
-6 2
32
-6 2
73
-6 3
14
-6 3
55
-6 3
96
-6 4
36
-6 4
76
-120
-11
0-5
68
1-5
724
-5 7
67
-5 8
10
-5 8
53
-5 8
96
-5 9
39
-5 9
81
-6 0
23
-6 0
65
-110
-10
0-5
23
7-5
282
-5 3
27
-5 3
72
-5 4
17
-5 4
61
-5 5
05
-5 5
49
-5 5
93
-5 6
37
-100
-90
-4 7
77
-4 8
24
-4 8
71
-4 9
17
-4 9
63
-5 0
09
-5 0
55
-5 1
01
-5 1
47
-5 1
92
-90
-80
-4 3
02
-4 3
50
-4 3
98
-4 4
46
-4 4
94
-4 5
42
-4 5
89
-4 6
36
-4 6
84
-4 7
31
-80
-70
-3 8
11
-3 8
61
-3 9
11
-3 9
60
-4 0
09
-4 0
58
-4 1
07
-4 1
56
-4 2
05
-4 2
54
-70
-60
-3 3
06
-3 3
57
-3 4
08
-3 4
59
-3 5
10
-3 5
61
-3 6
11
-3 6
61
-3 7
11
-3 7
61
-60
-50
-2 7
87
-2 8
40
-2 8
92
-2 9
44
-2 9
96
-3 0
48
-3 1
00
-3 1
52
-3 2
04
-3 2
55
-50
-40
-2 2
55
-2 3
09
-2 3
62
-2 4
16
-2 4
69
-2 5
23
-2 5
76
-2 6
29
-2 6
82
-2 7
35
-40
-30
-1 7
09
-1 7
65
-1 8
20
-1 8
74
-1 9
29
-1 9
84
-2 0
38
-2 0
83
-2 1
47
-2 2
01
-30
-20
-1 1
52
-1 2
08
-1 2
64
-1 3
20
-1 3
76
-1 4
32
-1 4
88
-1 5
43
-1 5
99
-1 6
54
-20
-10
-58
2-6
39
-697
-764
-811
-868
-925
-982
-1 0
39
-1 0
95
-10
00
-59
-117
-176
-234
-292
-350
-408
-466
-524
0
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
E: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m/c
oppe
r-nic
kel
39
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
41
Nic
kel-
chro
omzu
ur/c
oppe
r-nic
kel(C
ontinu
ed)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
E
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
00
59
118
176
235
294
354
413
472
532
0
10
59
1651
711
770
830
890
950
1 0
10
1 0
71
1 1
31
10
20
1 1
92
1 2
52
1 3
13
1 3
73
1 4
34
1 4
95
1 5
56
1 6
17
1 6
78
1 7
40
20
30
1 8
01
1 8
62
1 9
24
1 9
86
2 0
47
2 1
09
2 1
71
2 2
33
2 2
95
2 3
57
30
40
2 4
20
2 4
82
2 5
45
2 6
07
2 6
70
2 7
33
2 7
95
2 8
58
2 9
21
2 9
84
40
50
3 0
48
3 1
11
3 1
74
3 2
38
3 3
01
3 3
65
3 4
29
3 4
92
3 5
56
3 6
20
50
60
3 6
85
3 7
49
3 8
13
3 8
77
3 9
42
4 0
08
4 0
71
4 1
36
4 2
00
4 2
65
60
70
4 3
30
4 3
95
4 4
80
4 5
26
4 5
91
4 6
56
4 7
22
4 7
88
4 8
53
4 9
19
70
80
4 9
85
5 0
51
5 1
17
5 1
83
5 2
49
5 3
15
5 3
82
5 4
48
5 5
14
5 5
81
80
90
5 6
48
5 7
14
5 7
81
5 8
48
5 9
15
5 9
82
6 0
49
6 1
17
6 1
84
6 2
51
90
10
06
31
96 3
86
6 4
54
6 5
22
6 5
90
6 6
58
6 7
25
6 7
94
6 8
62
6 9
30
100
11
06
99
87 0
65
7 1
35
7 2
03
7 2
72
7 3
41
7 4
09
7 4
76
7 5
47
7 6
16
110
12
07
68
57 7
54
7 8
23
7 8
92
7 9
62
8 0
31
8 1
01
8 1
70
8 2
40
8 3
08
120
13
08
37
98 4
49
8 5
19
8 5
89
8 6
59
8 7
29
8 7
99
8 8
69
8 9
40
9 0
10
130
14
09
06
19 1
51
9 2
22
9 2
92
9 3
63
9 4
34
9 5
05
9 5
76
9 6
47
9 7
18
140
15
09
78
99 8
60
9 9
31
10 0
03
10 0
74
10 1
45
10 2
17
10 2
88
10 3
60
10 4
32
150
16
01
0 5
03
10 5
75
10 6
47
10 7
19
10 7
91
10 8
63
10 9
35
11 0
07
11 0
80
11 1
52
160
17
01
1 2
24
11 2
97
11 3
69
11 4
42
11 5
14
11 5
87
11 6
60
11 7
33
11 8
05
11 8
78
170
18
01
1 9
51
12 0
24
12 0
97
12 1
70
12 2
43
12 3
17
12 3
90
12 4
63
12 5
37
12 6
10
180
19
01
2 6
84
12 7
57
12 8
31
12 9
04
12 9
78
13 0
52
13 1
28
13 1
99
13 2
73
13 3
47
190
20
01
3 4
21
13 4
95
13 5
69
13 6
44
13 7
18
13 7
92
13 8
66
13 9
41
14 0
15
14 0
90
200
21
01
4 1
64
14 2
39
14 3
13
14 3
88
14 4
63
14 5
37
14 6
12
14 6
87
14 7
62
14 8
37
210
22
01
4 9
12
14 9
87
15 0
62
15 1
37
15 2
12
15 2
87
15 3
62
15 4
38
15 5
13
15 5
88
220
23
01
5 6
84
15 7
39
15 8
15
15 8
90
15 9
66
16 0
41
16 1
17
16 1
93
16 2
69
16 3
44
230
24
01
6 4
20
16 4
96
16 5
72
16 6
48
16 7
24
16 8
00
16 8
78
16 9
52
17 0
28
17 1
04
240
25
01
7 1
81
17 2
57
17 3
33
17 4
09
17 4
86
17 5
62
17 6
39
17 7
15
17 7
92
17 8
68
250
26
01
7 9
45
18 0
21
18 0
98
18 1
75
18 2
52
18 3
28
18 4
05
18 4
82
18 5
59
18 6
36
260
27
01
8 7
13
18 7
90
18 8
67
18 9
44
19 0
21
19 0
98
19 1
75
19 2
52
19 3
30
19 4
07
270
28
01
9 4
84
19 5
61
19 6
39
19 7
16
19 7
94
19 8
71
19 9
48
20 0
26
20 1
03
20 1
81
280
29
02
0 2
59
20 3
36
20 4
14
20 4
92
20 5
59
20 6
47
20 7
25
20 8
03
20 8
80
20 9
58
290
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
E: N
icke
l-chr
omic
aci
d/co
pper
-nic
kel (
cont
inue
d)
40
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
42
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
/cop
per-n
icke
l(con
tinu
ed)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe E
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
30
02
1 0
36
21 1
14
21 1
92
21 2
70
21 3
48
21 4
26
21 5
04
21 5
82
21 6
60
21 7
39
300
31
02
1 8
17
21 8
95
21 9
73
22 0
51
22 1
30
22 2
08
22 2
86
22 3
65
22 4
43
22 5
22
310
32
02
2 6
00
22 6
78
22 7
57
22 8
35
22 9
14
22 9
93
23 0
71
23 1
50
23 2
26
23 3
07
320
33
02
3 3
86
23 4
64
23 5
43
23 6
22
23 7
01
23 7
80
23 8
58
23 9
37
24 0
16
24 0
95
330
34
02
4 1
74
24 2
53
24 3
32
24 4
11
24 4
90
24 5
69
24 6
48
24 7
27
24 8
06
24 8
85
340
35
02
4 9
64
25 0
44
25 1
23
25 2
02
25 2
81
25 3
60
25 4
40
25 5
19
25 5
98
25 6
78
350
36
02
5 7
57
25 8
36
25 9
16
25 9
95
26 0
75
26 1
54
26 2
33
26 3
13
26 3
92
26 4
72
360
37
02
6 5
52
26 6
31
26 7
11
26 7
90
26 8
70
26 9
50
27 0
29
27 1
09
27 1
89
27 2
68
370
38
02
7 3
48
27 4
28
27 5
07
27 5
87
27 6
67
27 7
47
27 8
27
27 9
07
27 9
86
28 0
66
380
39
02
8 1
46
28 2
26
28 3
06
28 3
86
28 4
66
28 5
46
28 6
26
28 7
06
28 7
86
28 8
66
390
40
02
8 9
46
29 0
26
29 1
06
29 1
86
29 2
68
29 3
46
29 4
27
29 5
07
26 5
87
29 6
67
400
41
02
9 7
47
29 8
27
29 9
08
29 9
88
30 0
68
30 1
48
30 2
29
30 3
09
30 3
89
30 4
70
410
42
03
0 5
50
30 6
30
30 7
11
30 7
91
30 8
71
30 9
52
31 0
32
31 1
12
31 1
93
31 2
73
420
43
03
1 3
54
31 4
34
31 5
15
31 5
95
31 6
76
31 7
56
31 8
37
31 9
17
31 9
98
32 0
78
430
44
03
2 1
59
32 2
39
32 3
20
32 4
00
32 4
81
32 5
62
32 8
42
32 7
23
32 8
03
32 8
84
440
45
03
2 9
65
33 0
45
33 1
26
33 2
07
33 2
87
33 3
68
33 4
49
33 5
29
33 6
10
33 6
91
450
46
03
3 7
72
33 8
52
33 9
33
34 0
14
34 0
95
34 1
75
34 2
56
34 3
37
34 4
18
34 4
98
460
47
03
4 5
79
34 6
60
34 7
41
34 8
22
34 9
02
34 9
83
35 0
64
35 1
45
35 2
26
35 3
07
470
48
03
5 3
87
35 4
66
35 5
49
35 6
30
35 7
11
35 7
92
35 8
73
35 9
54
36 0
34
36 1
15
480
49
03
6 1
96
36 2
77
36 3
58
36 4
39
36 5
20
36 6
01
36 6
82
36 7
63
36 8
43
36 9
24
490
50
03
7 0
05
37 0
86
37 1
67
37 2
48
37 3
29
37 4
10
37 4
91
37 5
72
37 6
53
37 7
34
500
51
03
7 8
15
37 8
96
37 9
77
38 0
58
38 1
39
38 2
20
38 3
00
38 3
81
38 4
62
38 5
43
510
52
03
8 6
24
38 7
05
38 7
86
38 8
67
38 9
48
39 0
29
39 1
10
39 1
91
39 2
72
39 3
53
520
53
03
9 4
34
39 5
15
39 5
96
39 6
77
39 7
58
39 8
39
39 9
20
40 0
01
40 0
62
40 1
63
530
54
04
0 2
43
40 3
24
40 4
05
40 4
86
40 5
67
40 6
48
40 7
29
40 8
10
40 8
91
40 9
72
540
55
04
1 0
53
41 1
34
41 2
15
41 2
96
41 3
77
41 4
57
41 5
38
41 6
19
41 7
00
41 7
81
550
56
04
1 8
62
41 9
43
42 0
24
42 1
05
42 1
85
42 2
66
42 3
47
42 4
28
42 5
09
42 5
90
560
57
04
2 6
71
42 7
51
42 8
32
42 9
13
42 9
94
43 0
75
43 1
56
43 2
36
43 3
17
43 3
98
570
58
04
3 4
79
43 5
60
43 6
40
43 7
21
43 8
02
43 8
83
43 9
63
44 0
44
44 1
25
44 2
06
580
59
04
4 2
86
44 3
67
44 4
48
44 5
29
44 6
09
44 6
90
44 7
71
44 8
51
44 9
32
45 0
13
590
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
E: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m/c
oppe
r-nic
kel (
cont
inue
d)
41
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
43
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
/cop
per-n
icke
l (co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
E
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
60
04
5 0
93
45 1
74
45 2
55
45 3
35
45 4
16
45 4
97
45 5
77
45 6
58
45 7
36
45 8
19
600
61
04
5 9
00
45 9
80
46 0
61
46 1
41
46 2
22
46 3
02
46 3
83
46 4
63
46 5
44
46 6
24
610
62
04
6 7
05
46 7
85
46 8
66
46 9
46
47 0
27
47 1
07
47 1
88
47 2
68
47 3
49
47 4
29
620
63
04
7 5
09
47 5
90
47 6
70
47 7
51
47 8
31
47 9
11
47 9
92
48 0
72
48 1
52
48 2
33
630
64
04
8 3
13
48 3
93
48 4
74
48 5
54
48 6
34
48 7
15
48 7
95
48 8
75
48 9
55
49 0
35
640
65
04
9 1
16
49 1
96
49 2
76
49 3
56
49 4
36
49 5
17
49 5
97
49 6
77
49 7
57
49 8
37
650
66
04
9 9
17
49 9
97
50 0
77
50 1
57
50 2
38
50 3
18
50 3
98
50 4
78
50 5
56
50 6
38
660
67
05
0 7
18
50 7
98
50 8
78
50 9
58
51 0
38
51 1
18
51 1
97
51 2
77
51 3
57
51 4
37
670
68
05
1 5
17
51 5
97
51 6
77
51 7
57
51 8
37
51 9
16
51 9
96
52 0
76
52 1
56
52 2
36
680
69
05
2 3
15
52 3
95
52 4
75
52 5
55
52 6
34
52 7
14
52 7
94
52 8
73
52 9
53
53 0
33
690
70
05
3 1
12
53 1
92
53 2
72
53 3
51
53 4
31
53 5
10
53 5
80
53 6
70
53 7
49
53 8
29
700
71
05
3 9
08
53 9
88
54 0
67
54 1
47
54 2
26
54 3
06
54 3
85
54 4
65
54 5
44
54 6
24
710
72
05
4 7
03
54 7
82
54 8
62
54 9
41
55 0
21
55 1
00
55 1
79
56 2
59
55 3
38
55 4
17
720
73
05
5 4
97
55 5
76
55 6
55
55 7
34
55 8
14
55 8
93
55 9
72
56 0
51
56 1
31
56 2
10
730
74
05
6 2
89
56 3
68
56 4
47
56 5
26
56 6
06
56 6
85
56 7
64
56 8
43
56 9
22
57 0
01
740
75
05
7 0
80
57 1
59
57 2
38
57 3
17
57 3
96
57 4
75
57 5
54
57 6
33
57 7
12
57 7
91
750
76
05
7 8
70
57 9
49
58 0
28
58 1
07
58 1
86
58 2
65
58 3
43
58 4
22
58 5
01
58 5
80
760
77
05
8 6
59
58 7
38
68 8
16
58 8
95
58 9
74
59 0
53
59 1
31
59 2
10
59 2
89
59 3
67
770
78
05
9 4
46
59 5
25
59 6
04
59 6
82
59 7
61
59 8
39
59 9
18
59 9
97
60 0
75
60 1
54
780
79
06
0 2
32
60 3
11
60 3
90
60 4
68
60 5
47
60 6
25
60 7
04
60 7
82
60 8
60
60 9
39
790
80
06
1 0
17
61 0
96
61 1
74
61 2
53
61 3
31
61 4
09
61 4
88
61 5
66
61 6
44
61 7
23
800
81
06
1 8
01
61 8
79
61 9
58
62 0
36
62 1
14
62 1
92
62 2
71
62 3
49
62 4
27
62 5
05
810
82
06
2 5
83
62 6
62
62 7
40
62 8
18
62 8
96
62 9
74
63 0
52
63 1
30
63 2
08
63 2
86
820
83
06
3 3
64
63 4
42
63 5
20
63 5
98
63 6
76
63 7
54
63 8
32
63 9
10
63 9
88
64 0
66
830
84
06
4 1
44
64 2
22
64 3
00
64 3
77
64 5
56
64 5
33
64 6
11
64 6
89
64 7
66
64 8
44
840
85
06
4 9
22
65 0
00
65 0
77
65 1
55
65 2
33
65 3
10
65 3
88
65 4
65
65 5
43
65 6
21
850
86
06
5 6
98
65 7
76
65 8
53
65 9
31
66 0
08
66 0
86
66 1
63
66 2
41
66 3
18
66 3
96
860
87
06
6 4
73
66 5
50
66 6
28
66 7
05
66 7
82
66 6
60
66 8
37
67 0
14
67 0
92
67 1
69
870
88
06
7 2
46
67 3
23
67 4
00
67 4
78
67 5
55
67 6
32
67 7
09
67 7
86
67 8
63
67 9
40
880
89
06
8 0
17
68 0
94
68 1
71
68 2
48
68 3
25
68 4
02
68 4
79
68 5
56
68 6
33
68 7
10
890
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
E: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m/c
oppe
r-nic
kel (
cont
inue
d)
42
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
44
Nic
kel-c
hrom
ium
/cop
per-n
icke
l( co
nclu
ded)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
E
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
90
06
8 7
87
68 8
63
68 9
40
69 0
17
69 0
94
69 1
71
69 2
47
69 3
24
69 4
01
69 4
77
900
91
06
9 5
54
69 6
31
69 7
07
69 7
84
69 8
60
69 9
37
70 0
13
70 0
90
70 1
66
70 2
43
910
92
07
0 3
19
70 3
96
70 4
72
70 5
48
70 6
25
70 7
01
70 7
77
70 8
54
70 9
30
71 0
06
920
93
07
1 0
62
71 1
59
71 2
35
71 3
11
71 3
87
71 4
63
71 5
39
71 6
15
71 6
92
71 7
68
930
94
07
1 8
44
71 9
20
71 9
96
72 0
72
72 1
47
72 2
23
72 2
99
72 3
75
72 4
51
72 5
27
940
95
07
2 6
03
72 6
78
72 7
54
72 8
30
72 9
06
72 9
81
73 0
57
73 1
33
73 2
08
73 2
84
950
96
07
3 3
60
73 4
35
73 5
11
73 5
86
73 6
62
73 7
38
73 8
13
73 8
89
73 9
64
74 0
40
960
97
07
4 1
15
74 1
90
74 2
66
74 3
41
74 4
17
74 4
92
74 5
67
74 6
43
74 7
18
74 7
93
970
98
07
4 8
69
74 9
44
75 0
19
75 0
95
75 1
70
75 2
45
75 3
20
75 3
95
75 4
71
75 5
46
980
99
07
5 6
21
75 6
96
75 7
71
75 8
47
75 9
22
75 9
97
76 0
72
76 1
47
76 2
23
76 2
98
990
10
00
76
37
31 0
00
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
E: N
icke
l-chr
omiu
m/c
oppe
r-nic
kel (
conc
lude
d)
43
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
45
Pla
tium
- 13
% t
horium
/pla
tium
(co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
R
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
00
511
16
21
27
32
38
43
49
0
10
54
60
65
71
77
82
88
94
100
105
10
20
11
1117
123
129
135
141
147
153
159
165
20
30
17
1177
183
189
195
201
207
214
220
226
30
40
23
2239
245
251
258
264
271
277
284
290
40
50
29
5303
310
316
323
329
336
343
349
356
50
60
36
3369
376
383
390
397
403
410
417
424
60
70
43
1438
445
452
459
466
473
480
487
494
70
80
50
1508
516
523
530
537
544
552
559
566
80
90
57
3581
588
595
603
610
618
625
632
640
90
10
06
47
665
662
670
677
685
693
700
708
715
100
11
07
23
731
738
746
754
761
769
777
785
792
110
12
08
00
808
816
824
832
839
847
855
863
871
120
13
08
79
887
895
903
911
919
927
935
843
951
130
14
09
59
967
976
934
992
1 0
00
1 0
08
1 0
16
1 0
25
1 0
33
140
15
01
04
11 0
49
1 0
58
1 0
66
1 0
74
1 0
82
1 0
91
1 0
99
1 1
07
1 1
16
150
16
01
12
41 1
32
1 1
41
1 1
49
1 1
58
1 1
66
1 1
75
1 1
83
1 1
91
1 2
00
160
17
01
20
81 2
17
1 2
25
1 2
34
1 2
42
1 2
51
1 2
60
1 2
68
1 2
77
1 2
85
170
18
01
29
41 3
03
1 3
11
1 3
20
1 3
29
1 3
37
1 3
46
1 3
55
1 3
63
1 3
72
180
19
01
38
11 3
89
1 3
98
1 4
07
1 4
16
1 4
25
1 4
33
1 4
42
1 4
51
1 4
60
190
20
01
46
91 4
77
1 4
86
1 4
95
1 5
04
1 5
13
1 5
22
1 5
31
1 5
40
1 5
49
200
21
01
55
81 5
67
1 5
75
1 5
84
1 5
93
1 6
02
1 6
11
1 6
20
1 6
29
1 6
39
210
22
01
64
81 6
67
1 6
66
1 6
75
1 6
84
1 6
93
1 7
02
1 7
11
1 7
20
1 7
29
220
23
01
73
91 7
48
1 7
57
1 7
66
1 7
75
1 7
84
1 7
94
1 8
03
1 8
12
1 8
21
230
24
01
83
11 8
40
1 8
49
1 8
58
1 8
68
1 8
77
1 8
86
1 8
95
1 9
05
1 9
14
240
25
01
92
31 9
33
1 9
42
1 9
51
1 9
61
1 9
70
1 9
80
1 9
89
1 9
98
2 0
08
250
26
02
01
72 0
27
2 0
36
2 0
46
2 0
55
2 0
64
2 0
74
2 0
83
2 0
93
2 1
02
260
27
02
11
22 1
21
2 1
31
2 1
40
2 1
50
2 1
59
2 1
69
2 1
79
2 1
88
2 1
98
270
28
02
20
72 2
17
2 2
26
2 2
36
2 2
46
2 2
55
2 2
65
2 2
75
2 2
84
2 2
94
280
29
02
30
42 3
13
2 2
23
2 3
33
2 3
42
2 3
52
2 3
62
2 3
71
2 3
81
2 3
91
290
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
R: P
latin
um-1
3% th
oriu
m/p
latin
um (c
ontin
ued)
44
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
46
Pla
tinu
m –
13
% t
horium
/pla
tium
/ (c
ontinu
ed)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
R
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
30
02
40
12 4
10
2 4
20
2 4
30
2 4
40
2 4
49
2 4
59
2 4
69
2 4
79
2 4
88
300
31
02
49
82 5
08
2 5
18
2 5
28
2 5
38
2 5
47
2 5
57
2 5
67
2 5
77
2 5
87
310
32
02
59
72 6
07
2 6
17
2 6
26
2 6
36
2 6
46
2 6
56
2 6
66
2 6
76
2 6
86
320
33
02
69
62 7
06
2 7
16
2 7
26
2 7
36
2 7
46
2 7
56
2 7
66
2 7
76
2 7
86
330
34
02
79
62 8
06
2 8
16
2 8
26
2 8
36
2 8
46
2 8
56
2 8
66
2 8
76
2 8
86
340
35
02
89
62 9
06
2 9
16
2 9
26
2 9
37
2 9
47
2 9
57
2 9
67
2 9
77
2 9
87
350
36
02
99
73 0
07
3 0
18
3 0
28
3 0
38
3 0
48
3 0
58
3 0
68
3 0
79
2 0
89
360
37
03
09
93 1
09
3 1
19
3 1
30
3 1
40
3 1
50
3 1
60
3 1
71
3 1
81
3 1
91
370
38
03
20
13 2
12
3 2
22
3 2
32
3 2
42
3 2
53
3 2
63
3 2
73
3 2
84
3 2
94
380
39
03
30
43 3
15
3 3
25
3 3
35
3 3
46
3 3
56
3 3
66
3 3
77
3 3
87
3 3
97
390
40
03
40
83 4
18
3 4
28
3 4
39
3 4
49
3 4
60
3 4
70
3 4
80
3 4
91
3 5
01
400
41
03
51
23 5
22
3 5
33
3 5
43
3 5
53
3 5
64
3 5
74
3 5
85
3 5
95
3 6
06
410
42
03
61
63 6
27
3 6
37
3 6
48
3 6
58
3 6
69
3 6
79
3 6
90
3 7
00
3 7
11
420
43
03
72
13 7
32
3 7
42
3 7
53
3 7
84
3 7
74
3 7
85
3 7
95
3 8
08
3 8
16
430
44
03
82
73 8
38
3 8
48
3 8
59
3 8
69
3 8
80
3 8
91
3 9
01
3 9
12
3 9
22
440
45
03
93
33 9
44
3 9
54
3 9
65
3 9
76
3 9
88
3 9
97
4 0
08
4 0
18
4 0
29
450
46
04
04
04 0
50
4 0
61
4 0
72
4 0
83
4 0
93
4 1
04
4 1
15
4 1
25
4 1
36
460
47
04
14
74 1
58
4 1
68
4 1
79
4 1
90
4 2
01
4 2
11
4 2
22
4 2
33
4 2
44
470
48
04
25
54 2
65
4 2
76
4 2
87
4 2
98
4 3
09
4 3
19
4 3
30
4 3
41
4 3
52
480
49
04
36
34 3
73
4 3
84
4 3
95
4 4
06
4 4
17
4 4
28
4 4
39
4 4
49
4 4
60
490
50
04
47
14 4
82
4 4
93
4 5
04
4 5
15
4 5
26
4 5
37
4 5
48
4 5
58
4 5
69
500
51
04
58
04 5
91
4 6
02
4 6
13
4 6
24
4 6
35
4 6
46
4 6
57
4 6
68
4 6
79
510
52
04
69
04 7
01
4 7
12
4 7
23
4 7
34
4 7
45
4 7
56
4 7
67
4 7
78
4 7
89
520
53
04
80
04 8
11
4 8
22
4 8
33
4 8
44
4 8
35
4 8
66
4 8
77
4 8
88
4 8
99
530
54
04
91
04 9
22
4 9
53
4 9
44
4 9
55
4 9
66
4 9
77
4 9
88
4 9
99
5 0
10
540
55
05
02
15 0
33
5 0
44
5 0
55
5 0
66
5 0
77
5 0
88
5 0
99
5 1
11
5 1
22
550
56
05
13
35 1
44
5 1
55
5 1
66
5 1
78
5 1
89
5 2
00
5 2
11
5 2
22
5 2
34
560
57
05
24
55 2
56
5 2
67
5 2
79
5 2
90
5 3
01
5 3
12
5 3
23
5 3
35
5 3
46
570
58
05
35
75 3
69
5 3
80
5 3
91
5 4
02
5 4
14
5 4
25
5 4
36
5 4
48
5 4
59
580
59
05
47
05 4
81
5 4
93
5 5
04
5 5
15
5 5
27
5 5
38
5 5
49
5 5
91
5 5
72
590
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
R: P
latin
um–1
3 %
thor
ium
/pla
tinum
(con
tinue
d)
45
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
47
Pla
tinu
m –
13
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m (co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
R
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
60
05
58
35 5
95
5 6
06
5 6
18
5 6
29
5 6
40
5 6
52
5 6
63
5 6
74
5 6
86
600
61
05
69
75 7
09
5 7
20
5 7
31
5 7
43
5 7
54
5 7
66
5 7
77
5 7
89
5 8
00
610
62
05
81
25 8
23
5 8
34
5 8
46
5 8
57
5 8
69
5 8
80
5 8
92
5 9
03
5 9
15
620
63
05
92
65 9
38
5 9
49
5 9
61
5 9
72
5 9
84
5 9
95
6 0
07
6 0
18
6 0
30
630
64
06
04
16 0
53
6 0
65
6 0
76
6 0
88
6 0
99
6 1
11
6 1
22
6 1
34
6 1
46
640
65
06
15
76 1
69
6 1
80
6 1
92
6 2
04
6 2
15
6 2
27
6 2
38
6 2
50
6 2
62
650
66
06
27
36 2
85
6 2
97
6 3
08
6 3
20
6 3
32
6 3
43
6 3
55
6 3
67
6 3
78
660
67
06
39
06 4
02
6 4
13
6 4
25
6 4
37
6 4
48
6 4
60
6 4
72
6 4
84
6 4
95
670
68
06
50
76 5
19
6 5
31
6 5
42
6 5
54
6 5
66
6 5
78
6 5
89
6 6
01
6 6
13
680
69
0
6 6
25
6 6
36
6 6
48
6 6
60
6 6
72
6 6
84
6 6
95
6 7
07
6 7
19
6 7
31
690
70
06
74
36 7
55
6 7
66
6 7
78
6 7
90
6 8
02
6 8
14
6 8
26
6 8
38
6 8
49
700
71
06
86
16 8
73
6 8
85
6 8
97
6 9
09
6 9
21
6 9
33
6 9
45
6 9
56
6 9
68
710
72
06
98
06 9
92
7 0
04
7 0
16
7 0
28
7 0
40
7 0
52
7 0
64
7 0
76
7 0
88
720
73
07
10
07 1
12
7 1
24
7 1
38
7 1
48
7 1
60
7 1
72
7 1
84
7 1
96
7 2
08
730
74
07
22
07 2
32
7 2
44
7 2
56
7 2
68
7 2
80
7 2
92
7 3
04
7 3
16
7 3
28
740
75
07
34
07 3
52
7 3
64
7 3
76
7 3
89
7 4
01
7 4
13
7 4
25
7 4
37
7 4
49
750
76
07
46
17 4
73
7 4
85
7 4
98
7 5
10
7 5
22
7 5
34
7 5
46
7 5
58
7 5
70
760
77
07
58
37 5
95
7 6
07
7 6
19
7 6
31
7 6
44
7 6
56
7 6
68
7 6
80
7 6
92
770
78
07
70
57 7
17
7 7
29
7 7
41
7 7
53
7 7
66
7 7
78
7 7
90
7 8
02
7 8
15
780
79
07
82
77 8
39
7 8
51
7 8
64
7 8
76
7 8
88
7 9
01
7 9
13
7 9
25
7 9
38
790
80
07
95
07 9
62
7 9
74
7 9
67
7 9
99
8 0
11
8 0
24
8 0
36
8 0
48
8 0
81
800
81
08
07
38 0
66
8 0
88
8 1
10
8 1
23
8 1
35
8 1
47
8 1
60
8 1
72
8 1
85
810
82
08
19
78 2
08
8 2
22
8 2
34
8 2
47
8 2
59
8 2
72
8 2
84
8 2
96
8 3
09
820
83
08
32
18 3
34
8 3
46
8 3
69
8 3
71
8 3
84
8 3
96
8 4
09
8 4
21
8 4
34
830
84
08
44
68 4
59
8 4
71
8 4
84
8 4
96
8 5
09
8 5
21
8 5
34
8 5
46
8 5
59
840
85
08
57
18 5
84
8 5
97
8 6
09
8 6
22
8 6
34
8 8
47
8 6
59
8 6
72
8 6
85
850
86
08
69
78 7
10
8 7
22
8 7
35
8 7
48
8 7
60
8 7
73
8 7
85
8 7
98
8 8
11
860
87
08
82
38 8
36
8 8
49
8 8
61
8 8
74
8 8
87
8 8
99
8 9
12
8 9
25
8 9
37
870
88
08
95
08 9
63
8 9
75
8 9
88
9 0
01
9 0
14
9 0
26
9 0
39
9 0
52
9 0
65
880
89
09
07
79 0
90
9 1
03
9 1
15
9 1
28
9 1
41
9 1
54
9 1
67
9 1
79
9 1
92
890
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
R: P
latin
um–1
3% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um (c
ontin
ued)
46
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
48
Pla
tinu
m –
13
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m (co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
R
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
90
09
20
59 2
18
9 2
30
9 2
43
9 2
56
9 2
69
9 2
82
9 2
94
9 3
07
9 3
20
900
91
09
33
39 3
46
9 3
59
9 3
71
9 3
84
9 3
97
9 4
10
9 4
23
9 4
36
9 4
49
910
92
09
46
19 4
74
9 4
87
9 5
00
9 5
13
9 5
26
9 5
39
9 5
52
9 5
65
9 5
78
920
93
09
59
09 6
03
9 6
16
9 6
29
9 6
42
9 6
55
9 6
68
9 6
81
9 6
94
9 7
07
930
94
09
72
09 7
33
9 7
46
9 7
59
9 7
72
9 7
85
9 7
98
9 8
11
9 8
24
9 8
37
940
95
09
85
09 8
63
9 8
76
9 8
89
9 9
02
9 9
15
9 9
28
9 9
41
9 9
54
9 9
67
950
96
09
98
09 9
93
10 0
08
10 0
19
10 0
32
10 0
46
10 0
59
10 0
72
10 0
85
10 0
98
960
97
01
0 1
11
10 1
24
10 1
37
10 1
50
10 1
63
10 1
77
10 1
90
10 2
03
10 2
16
10 2
29
970
98
01
0 2
42
10 2
55
10 2
68
10 2
82
10 2
95
10 3
08
10 3
21
10 3
34
10 3
47
10 3
61
980
99
01
0 3
74
10 3
87
10 4
00
10 4
13
10 4
27
10 4
40
10 4
53
10 4
66
10 4
80
10 4
93
990
1 0
00
10
50
610 5
19
10 5
32
10 5
46
10 5
59
10 5
72
10 5
85
10 5
99
10 6
12
10 6
25
1 0
00
1 0
10
10
63
810 6
52
10 6
65
10 6
78
10 6
92
10 7
05
10 7
18
10 7
31
10 7
45
10 7
58
1 0
10
1 0
20
10
77
110 7
85
10 7
98
10 8
11
10 8
25
10 8
38
10 8
51
10 8
65
10 8
78
10 8
91
1 0
20
1 0
30
10
90
510 9
18
10 9
32
10 9
45
10 9
58
10 9
72
10 9
65
10 9
98
11 0
12
11 0
25
1 0
30
1 0
40
11
03
911 0
52
11 0
65
11 0
79
11 0
92
11 1
06
11 1
19
11 1
32
11 1
46
11 1
59
1 0
40
1 0
50
11
17
311 1
86
11 2
00
11 2
13
11 2
27
11 2
40
11 2
53
11 2
67
11 2
80
11 2
94
1 0
50
1 0
60
11
30
711 3
21
11 3
34
11 3
48
11 3
61
11 3
75
11 3
88
11 4
02
11 4
15
11 4
29
1 0
60
1 0
70
11
44
211 4
56
11 4
69
11 4
83
11 4
98
11 5
10
11 5
24
11 5
37
11 5
51
11 5
64
1 0
70
1 0
80
11
67
811 5
91
11 6
05
11 6
18
11 6
32
11 6
46
11 6
59
11 5
73
11 6
86
11 7
00
1 0
80
1 0
90
11
71
411 7
27
11 7
41
11 7
54
11 7
68
11 7
82
11 7
95
11 8
09
11 8
22
11 8
36
1 0
90
1 1
00
11
85
011 8
63
11 8
77
11 8
91
11 9
04
11 9
18
11 9
31
11 9
45
11 9
59
11 9
72
1 1
00
1 1
10
11
98
612 0
00
12 0
13
12 0
27
12 0
41
12 0
54
12 0
68
12 0
82
12 0
96
12 1
09
1 1
10
1 1
20
12
12
312 1
37
12 1
50
12 1
64
12 1
78
12 1
91
12 2
05
12 2
19
12 2
33
12 2
46
1 1
20
1 1
30
12
26
012 2
74
12 2
88
12 3
01
12 3
15
12 3
29
12 3
42
12 3
56
12 3
70
12 3
84
1 1
30
1 1
40
12
39
712 4
11
12 4
25
12 4
39
12 4
53
12 4
66
12 4
80
12 4
94
12 5
08
12 5
21
1 1
40
1 1
50
12
53
512 5
49
12 5
63
12 5
77
12 5
90
12 6
04
12 6
18
12 6
32
12 6
46
12 6
59
1 1
50
1 1
60
12
67
312 6
87
12 7
01
12 7
15
12 7
29
12 7
42
12 7
56
12 7
70
12 7
84
12 7
98
1 1
60
1 1
70
12
81
212 8
25
12 8
39
12 8
53
12 8
67
12 8
81
12 8
95
12 9
09
12 9
22
12 9
36
1 1
70
1 1
80
12
95
012 9
64
12 9
78
12 9
92
13 0
06
13 0
19
13 0
33
13 0
47
13 0
61
13 0
75
1 1
80
1 1
90
13
08
913 1
03
13 1
17
13 1
31
13 1
45
13 1
58
13 1
72
13 1
86
13 2
00
13 2
14
1 1
90
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
R: P
latin
um–1
3% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um (c
ontin
ued)
47
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
49
Pla
tinu
m –
13
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m (co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
R
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
1 2
00
13
22
813 2
42
13 2
56
13 2
70
13 2
84
13 2
98
13 3
11
13 3
25
13 3
39
13 3
53
1 2
00
1 2
10
13
36
713 3
81
13 3
95
13 4
09
13 4
23
13 4
37
13 4
51
13 4
65
13 4
79
13 4
93
1 2
10
1 2
20
13
60
813 5
21
13 5
35
13 5
49
13 5
63
13 5
77
13 5
90
13 6
04
13 6
18
13 6
32
1 2
20
1 2
30
13
64
613 6
60
13 6
74
13 6
88
13 7
02
13 7
16
13 7
30
13 7
44
13 7
58
13 7
72
1 2
30
1 2
40
13
78
613 8
00
13 8
14
13 8
28
13 8
42
13 8
56
13 8
70
13 8
84
13 8
98
13 9
45
1 2
40
1 2
50
13
92
613 9
40
13 9
54
13 9
68
13 9
82
13 9
96
14 0
10
14 0
24
14 0
38
14 0
52
1 2
50
1 2
60
14
06
614 0
81
14 0
95
14 1
09
14 1
23
14 1
37
14 1
51
14 1
65
14 1
79
14 1
93
1 2
60
1 2
70
14
20
714 2
21
14 2
35
14 2
49
14 2
63
14 2
77
14 2
91
14 3
05
14 3
19
14 3
33
1 2
70
1 2
80
14
34
714 3
61
14 3
75
14 3
90
14 4
04
14 4
18
14 4
32
14 4
46
14 4
60
14 4
74
1 2
80
1 2
90
14
48
814 5
02
14 5
16
14 5
30
14 5
44
14 5
58
14 5
72
14 5
86
14 6
01
14 6
15
1 2
90
1 3
00
14
62
914 6
43
14 6
57
14 6
71
14 6
85
14 6
99
14 7
13
14 7
27
14 7
41
14 7
55
1 3
00
1 3
10
14
77
014 7
84
14 7
98
14 8
12
14 8
26
14 8
40
14 8
54
14 8
68
14 8
82
14 8
96
1 3
10
1 3
20
14
91
114 9
25
14 9
39
14 9
53
14 9
67
14 9
81
14 9
95
15 0
09
15 0
23
15 0
37
1 3
20
1 3
30
15
05
215 0
66
15 0
80
15 0
94
15 1
08
15 1
22
15 1
36
15 1
50
15 1
64
15 1
79
1 3
30
1 3
40
15
19
315 2
07
15 2
21
15 2
35
15 2
49
15 2
63
15 2
77
15 2
91
15 3
06
15 3
20
1 3
40
1 3
50
15
33
415 3
48
15 3
62
15 3
76
15 3
90
15 4
04
15 4
19
15 4
33
15 4
47
15 4
61
1 3
50
1 3
60
15
47
515 4
89
15 5
03
15 5
17
15 5
31
15 5
46
15 5
60
15 5
74
15 5
88
15 6
02
1 3
60
1 3
70
15
61
615 6
30
15 6
45
15 6
59
15 6
73
15 6
87
15 7
01
15 7
15
15 7
29
15 7
43
1 3
70
1 3
80
15
75
815 7
72
15 7
86
15 8
00
15 8
14
15 8
28
15 8
42
15 8
56
15 8
71
15 8
85
1 3
80
1 3
90
15
89
915 9
13
15 9
27
15 9
40
15 9
55
15 9
69
15 9
84
15 9
98
16 0
12
16 0
26
1 3
90
1 4
00
16
04
016 0
54
16 0
68
16 0
82
16 0
97
16 1
11
16 1
25
16 1
39
16 1
53
16 1
67
1 4
00
1 4
10
16
18
116 1
96
16 2
10
16 2
24
16 2
38
16 2
52
16 2
66
16 2
80
16 2
94
16 3
09
1 4
10
1 4
20
16
32
316 3
37
16 3
51
16 3
65
16 3
79
16 3
93
16 4
07
16 4
22
16 4
36
16 4
50
1 4
20
1 4
30
16
46
416 4
78
16 4
92
16 5
06
16 5
20
16 5
34
16 5
49
16 5
63
16 5
77
16 5
91
1 4
30
1 4
40
16
60
516 6
19
16 6
33
16 6
47
16 6
62
16 6
76
16 6
90
16 7
04
16 7
18
16 7
32
1 4
40
1 4
50
16
74
816 7
60
16 7
74
16 7
89
16 8
03
16 8
17
16 8
31
16 8
45
16 8
59
16 8
73
1 4
50
1 4
60
16
88
716 9
01
16 9
15
16 9
30
16 9
44
16 9
58
16 9
72
16 9
86
17 0
00
17 0
14
1 4
60
1 4
70
17
02
817 0
42
17 0
56
17 0
71
17 0
85
17 0
99
17 1
13
17 1
27
17 1
41
17 1
55
1 4
70
1 4
80
17
16
917 1
83
17 1
97
17 2
11
17 2
25
17 2
40
17 2
54
17 2
68
17 2
52
17 2
96
1 4
80
1 4
90
17
31
017 3
24
17 3
36
17 3
52
17 3
66
17 3
80
17 3
94
17 4
08
17 4
23
17 4
37
1 4
90
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
R: P
latin
um–1
3% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um (c
ontin
ued)
48
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
50
Pla
tinu
m –
13
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m (co
nclu
ded)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
R
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
1 5
00
17
45
117 4
65
17 4
79
17 4
93
17 5
07
17 5
21
17 5
35
17 5
49
17 5
63
17 5
77
1 5
00
1 5
10
17
59
117 6
05
17 6
19
17 6
33
17 6
47
17 6
61
17 6
76
17 6
90
17 7
04
17 7
18
1 5
10
1 5
20
17
73
217 7
46
17 7
60
17 7
74
17 7
88
17 8
02
17 8
16
17 8
30
17 8
44
17 8
58
1 5
20
1 5
30
17
87
217 8
86
17 9
00
17 9
14
17 9
28
17 9
42
17 9
56
17 9
70
17 9
84
17 9
98
1 5
30
1 5
40
18
01
218 0
26
18 0
40
18 0
54
18 0
68
18 0
82
18 0
96
18 1
10
18 1
24
18 1
38
1 5
40
1 5
50
18
15
218 1
66
18 1
80
18 1
94
18 2
08
18 2
22
18 2
36
18 2
50
18 2
64
18 2
78
1 5
50
1 5
60
18
29
218 3
06
18 3
20
18 3
34
18 3
48
18 3
62
18 3
76
18 3
90
18 4
04
18 4
17
1 5
60
1 5
70
18
43
118 4
45
18 4
59
18 4
73
18 4
87
18 5
01
18 5
15
18 5
29
18 5
43
18 5
67
1 5
70
1 5
80
18
57
118 5
85
18 6
99
18 6
13
18 6
27
18 6
40
18 6
54
18 6
68
18 6
82
18 6
96
1 5
80
1 5
90
18
71
018 7
24
18 7
38
18 7
52
18 7
86
18 7
79
18 7
93
18 8
07
18 8
21
18 8
35
1 5
90
1 6
00
18
84
918 8
63
18 8
77
18 8
91
18 9
04
18 9
18
18 9
32
18 9
46
18 9
60
18 9
74
1 6
00
1 6
10
18
98
819 0
02
19 0
15
19 0
29
19 0
43
19 0
57
19 0
71
19 0
85
19 0
98
19 1
12
1 6
10
1 6
20
19
12
619 1
40
19 1
54
19 1
68
19 1
81
19 1
95
19 2
09
19 2
23
19 2
37
19 2
50
1 6
20
1 6
30
19
26
419 2
78
19 2
92
19 3
06
19 3
19
19 3
33
19 3
47
19 3
61
19 3
75
19 3
88
1 6
30
1 6
40
19
40
219 4
16
19 4
30
19 4
44
19 4
57
19 4
71
19 4
85
19 4
99
19 5
12
19 5
26
1 6
40
1 6
50
19
54
019 5
54
19 5
67
19 5
61
19 5
95
19 6
09
19 6
22
19 6
36
19 6
50
19 6
63
1 6
50
1 6
60
19
67
719 6
91
19 7
05
19 7
18
19 7
32
19 7
46
19 7
59
19 7
73
19 7
87
19 8
00
1 6
60
1 6
70
19
81
419 8
28
19 8
41
19 8
55
19 8
69
19 8
82
19 8
96
19 9
10
19 9
23
19 9
37
1 6
70
1 6
80
19
95
119 9
64
19 9
78
19 9
92
20 0
05
20 0
19
20 0
32
20 0
46
20 0
60
20 0
73
1 6
80
1 6
90
20
06
720 1
00
20 1
14
20 1
27
20 1
41
20 1
54
20 1
68
20 1
81
20 1
95
20 2
08
1 6
90
1 7
00
20
22
220 2
35
20 2
49
20 2
62
20 2
75
20 2
89
20 3
02
20 3
16
20 3
29
20 3
42
1 7
00
1 7
10
20
35
620 3
69
20 3
82
20 3
96
20 4
09
20 4
22
20 4
36
20 4
49
20 4
62
20 4
75
1 7
10
1 7
20
20
48
820 5
02
20 5
15
20 5
28
20 5
41
20 5
54
20 5
67
20 5
81
20 5
94
20 6
07
1 7
20
1 7
30
20
62
020 6
33
20 6
46
20 6
59
20 6
72
20 6
85
20 5
98
20 7
11
20 7
24
20 7
36
1 7
30
1 7
40
20
74
920 7
62
20 7
75
20 7
88
20 8
01
20 8
13
20 8
26
20 8
39
20 6
52
20 8
64
1 7
40
1 7
50
20
87
720 8
90
20 9
02
20 9
15
20 9
28
20 9
40
20 9
53
20 9
65
20 9
78
20 9
90
1 7
50
1 7
60
21
00
321 0
15
21 0
27
21 0
40
21 0
52
21 0
65
21 0
77
21 0
89
21 1
01
1 7
60
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
R: P
latin
um–1
3% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um (c
ontin
ued)
49
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
51
Pla
tinu
m –
10
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m (co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
S
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
00
511
16
22
27
33
38
44
50
0
10
5
561
67
72
78
84
90
95
101
107
10
20
11
3119
125
131
137
143
149
155
161
167
20
30
17
3179
185
191
197
204
210
216
222
229
30
40
23
5241
248
254
260
267
273
280
286
292
40
50
29
9305
312
319
325
332
338
345
352
358
50
60
36
5372
378
385
392
399
405
412
419
426
60
70
43
3440
446
453
460
467
474
481
488
495
70
80
50
2509
516
523
530
538
545
552
559
566
80
90
57
3580
588
595
602
609
617
624
631
639
90
10
06
46
653
661
668
675
683
690
698
705
713
100
11
07
20
727
735
743
750
758
765
773
780
788
110
12
07
95
803
811
818
828
834
841
849
857
865
120
13
08
72
880
888
896
903
911
919
927
935
942
130
14
09
50
658
966
974
982
990
998
1 0
06
1 0
13
1 0
21
140
15
01
02
91 0
37
1 0
45
1 0
53
1 0
61
1 0
69
1 0
77
1 0
85
1 0
94
1 1
02
150
16
01
11
01 1
18
1 1
26
1 1
34
1 1
42
1 1
50
1 1
58
1 1
67
1 1
75
1 1
83
160
17
01
19
11 1
99
1 2
07
1 2
16
1 2
24
1 2
32
1 2
40
1 2
49
1 2
57
1 2
65
170
18
01
27
31 2
82
1 2
90
1 2
96
1 3
07
1 3
15
1 3
23
1 3
32
1 3
40
1 3
48
180
19
01
35
71 3
65
1 3
73
1 3
82
1 3
90
1 3
99
1 4
07
1 4
15
1 4
24
1 4
32
190
20
01
44
11 4
49
1 4
58
1 4
66
1 4
75
1 4
83
1 4
92
1 5
00
1 5
09
1 5
17
200
21
01
52
61 5
34
1 5
43
1 5
51
1 5
60
1 5
69
1 5
77
1 5
86
1 5
94
1 6
03
210
22
01
61
21 6
20
1 6
29
1 6
38
1 6
46
1 6
55
1 6
63
1 6
72
1 6
81
1 6
90
220
23
01
69
81 7
07
1 7
16
1 7
24
1 7
33
1 7
42
1 7
51
1 7
59
1 7
68
1 7
77
230
24
01
78
61 7
94
1 8
03
1 8
12
1 8
21
1 8
29
1 8
38
1 8
47
1 8
56
1 8
65
240
25
01
87
41 8
82
1 8
91
1 9
00
1 9
09
1 9
18
1 9
27
1 9
36
1 9
44
1 9
53
250
26
01
96
21 9
71
1 9
80
1 9
89
1 9
98
2 0
07
2 0
16
2 0
25
2 0
34
2 0
43
260
27
02
05
22 0
61
2 0
70
2 0
78
2 0
87
2 0
96
2 1
05
2 1
14
2 1
23
2 1
32
270
28
02
14
12 1
51
2 1
60
2 1
69
2 1
78
2 1
87
2 1
96
2 2
05
2 2
14
2 2
23
280
29
02
23
22 2
41
2 2
50
2 2
59
2 2
68
2 2
77
2 2
87
2 2
96
2 3
05
2 3
14
290
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
S: P
latin
um–1
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um (c
ontin
ued)
50
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
52
Pla
tinu
m –
10
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m (co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
S
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
30
02
32
32 3
32
2 3
41
2 3
50
2 3
60
2 3
69
2 3
78
2 3
87
2 3
96
2 4
05
300
31
02
41
52 4
24
2 4
33
2 4
42
2 4
51
2 4
61
2 4
70
2 4
79
2 4
88
2 4
97
310
32
02
50
72 5
16
2 5
25
2 5
34
2 5
44
2 5
53
2 5
62
2 5
71
2 5
81
2 5
90
320
33
02
59
92 6
09
2 6
16
2 6
27
2 6
36
2 6
46
2 6
55
2 6
64
2 6
74
2 6
83
330
34
02
69
22 7
02
2 7
11
2 7
20
2 7
30
2 7
39
2 7
48
2 7
58
2 7
67
2 7
76
340
35
02
78
62 7
95
2 8
05
2 8
14
2 8
23
2 8
33
2 8
42
2 8
51
2 8
61
2 8
70
350
36
02
88
02 8
89
2 8
99
2 9
08
2 9
17
2 9
27
2 8
36
2 9
46
2 9
55
2 9
65
360
37
02
97
42 9
83
2 9
93
3 0
02
3 0
12
3 0
21
3 0
31
3 0
40
3 0
50
3 0
59
370
38
03
06
93 0
78
3 0
88
3 0
97
3 1
07
3 1
16
3 1
26
3 1
35
3 1
45
3 1
54
380
39
03
16
43 1
73
3 1
83
3 1
92
3 2
02
3 2
12
3 2
21
3 2
31
3 2
40
3 2
50
390
40
03
25
93 2
69
3 2
79
3 2
88
3 2
98
3 3
07
3 3
17
3 3
26
3 3
36
3 3
46
400
41
03
35
53 3
65
3 3
74
3 3
84
3 3
94
3 4
04
3 4
13
3 4
23
3 4
32
3 4
42
410
42
03
45
13 4
61
3 4
71
3 4
80
3 4
90
3 5
00
3 5
09
3 5
19
3 5
29
3 5
38
420
43
03
54
83 5
58
3 5
67
3 5
77
3 5
87
3 5
96
3 6
06
3 6
16
3 6
26
3 6
35
430
44
03
64
53 6
55
3 6
64
3 6
74
3 6
84
3 6
94
3 7
03
3 7
13
3 7
23
3 7
32
440
45
03
74
23 7
52
3 7
62
3 7
71
3 7
81
3 7
91
3 8
01
3 8
10
3 8
20
3 8
30
450
46
03
84
03 8
60
3 8
59
3 8
69
3 8
79
3 8
89
3 8
98
3 9
08
3 9
18
3 9
28
460
47
03
93
83 9
47
3 9
57
3 9
67
3 9
77
3 9
87
3 9
97
4 0
06
4 0
16
4 0
26
470
48
04
03
64 0
46
4 0
58
4 0
65
4 0
75
4 0
85
4 0
95
4 1
05
4 1
15
4 1
25
480
49
04
13
44 1
44
4 1
54
4 1
64
4 1
74
4 1
84
4 1
94
4 2
04
4 2
13
4 2
23
490
50
04
23
34 2
43
4 2
53
4 2
63
4 2
73
4 2
83
4 2
93
4 3
03
4 3
13
4 3
23
500
51
04
33
24 3
42
4 3
52
4 3
62
4 3
72
4 3
82
4 3
92
4 4
02
4 4
12
4 4
22
510
52
04
43
24 4
42
4 4
52
4 4
62
4 4
72
4 4
82
4 4
92
4 5
02
4 5
12
4 5
22
520
53
04
53
24 5
42
4 5
52
4 5
62
4 5
72
4 5
82
4 5
92
4 6
02
4 6
12
4 6
22
530
54
04
63
24 6
42
4 6
52
4 6
62
4 6
72
4 6
82
4 6
92
4 7
02
4 7
12
4 7
22
540
55
04
73
24 7
42
4 7
52
4 7
62
4 7
72
4 7
82
4 7
93
4 8
03
4 8
13
4 8
23
550
56
04
83
34 8
43
4 8
53
4 8
63
4 8
73
4 8
83
4 8
93
4 9
04
4 9
14
4 9
24
560
57
04
93
44 9
44
4 9
54
4 9
64
4 9
74
4 9
84
4 9
95
5 0
05
5 0
15
5 0
25
570
58
05
03
55 0
45
5 0
55
5 0
66
5 0
76
5 0
86
5 0
96
5 1
06
5 1
16
5 1
27
580
59
05
13
75 1
47
5 1
57
5 1
67
5 1
78
5 1
88
5 1
98
5 2
08
5 2
18
5 2
28
590
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
S: P
latin
um–1
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um (c
ontin
ued)
51
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
53
Pla
tinu
m –
10
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m (co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
S
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
60
05
23
95 2
49
5 2
59
5 2
69
5 2
80
5 2
90
5 3
00
5 3
10
5 3
20
5 3
31
600
61
05
34
15 3
51
5 3
61
5 3
72
5 3
82
5 3
92
5 4
02
5 4
13
5 4
23
5 4
33
610
62
05
44
35 4
54
5 4
64
5 4
74
5 4
85
5 4
95
5 5
05
5 5
15
5 5
26
5 5
36
620
63
05
54
65 5
67
5 6
87
5 5
77
5 5
88
5 6
98
5 6
08
5 6
18
5 6
29
5 8
39
630
64
05
64
95 6
60
5 6
70
5 6
80
5 6
91
5 7
01
5 7
12
5 7
22
5 7
32
5 7
43
640
65
05
75
35 7
63
5 7
74
5 7
84
5 7
94
5 8
05
5 8
15
5 8
26
5 8
36
5 8
46
650
66
05
85
75 8
67
5 8
78
5 8
88
5 8
98
5 9
09
5 9
19
5 9
30
5 9
40
5 9
50
660
67
05
96
15 9
71
5 9
82
5 9
92
6 0
03
6 0
13
6 0
24
6 0
34
6 0
44
6 0
55
670
68
06
06
56 0
76
6 0
86
6 0
97
6 1
07
6 1
18
6 1
28
6 1
39
6 1
49
6 1
60
680
69
06
17
06 1
81
6 1
91
6 2
02
6 2
12
6 2
23
6 2
33
6 2
44
6 2
54
6 2
65
690
70
06
27
56 2
86
6 2
96
6 3
07
6 3
17
6 3
28
6 3
38
6 3
49
6 3
60
6 3
70
700
71
06
38
16 3
91
6 4
02
6 4
12
6 4
23
6 4
34
6 4
44
6 4
55
6 4
65
6 4
76
710
72
06
48
86 4
97
6 5
08
6 5
18
6 5
29
6 5
39
6 5
50
6 5
61
6 5
71
6 5
82
720
73
06
59
36 6
03
6 6
14
6 6
24
6 6
35
6 6
46
6 6
56
6 6
67
6 6
78
6 6
88
730
74
06
69
96 7
10
6 7
20
6 7
31
6 7
42
6 7
52
6 7
63
6 7
74
6 7
84
6 7
95
740
75
06
80
66 8
17
6 8
27
6 8
38
5 8
49
6 8
59
6 8
70
6 8
81
6 8
92
6 9
02
750
76
06
91
36 9
24
6 9
34
6 9
45
6 9
56
6 9
67
6 9
77
6 9
88
6 9
99
7 0
10
760
77
07
02
07 0
31
7 0
42
7 0
53
7 0
84
7 0
74
7 0
85
7 0
96
7 1
07
7 1
17
770
78
07
12
87 1
39
7 1
50
7 1
61
7 1
72
7 1
82
7 1
93
7 2
04
7 2
15
7 2
26
780
79
07
23
67 2
47
7 2
58
7 2
69
7 2
80
7 2
91
7 3
02
7 3
12
7 3
23
7 3
34
790
80
07
34
57 3
56
7 3
67
7 3
78
7 3
88
7 3
99
7 4
10
7 4
21
7 4
32
7 4
43
800
81
07
45
47 4
65
7 4
76
7 4
87
7 4
97
7 5
08
7 5
19
7 5
30
7 5
41
7 5
52
810
82
07
56
37 5
74
7 5
85
7 5
96
7 6
07
7 6
18
7 6
29
7 6
40
7 6
51
7 6
62
820
83
07
67
37 6
84
7 6
95
7 7
06
7 7
17
7 7
28
7 7
39
7 7
50
7 7
61
7 7
72
830
84
07
78
37 7
94
7 8
05
7 8
16
7 8
27
7 8
38
7 8
49
7 8
60
7 8
71
7 8
82
840
85
07
89
37 9
04
7 9
15
7 9
26
7 9
37
7 9
48
7 9
59
7 9
70
7 9
81
7 9
92
850
86
08
00
38 0
14
8 0
26
8 0
37
8 0
48
8 0
59
8 0
70
8 0
81
8 0
92
8 1
03
860
87
08
11
48 1
25
8 1
37
8 1
48
8 1
59
8 1
70
8 1
81
8 1
92
8 2
03
8 2
14
870
88
08
22
68 2
37
8 2
48
8 2
59
8 2
70
8 2
81
8 2
93
8 3
04
8 3
15
8 3
26
880
89
08
33
78 3
48
8 3
80
8 3
71
8 3
82
8 3
93
8 4
04
8 4
16
8 4
27
8 4
38
890
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
S: P
latin
um–1
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um (c
ontin
ued)
52
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
54
Pla
tinu
m –
10
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m (co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
S
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
90
08
44
98 4
60
8 4
72
8 4
83
8 4
94
8 5
05
8 5
17
8 5
28
8 5
39
8 5
50
900
91
08
56
28 5
73
8 5
84
8 5
95
8 6
07
8 6
18
8 6
29
8 6
40
8 6
52
8 6
63
910
92
08
67
48 6
85
8 6
97
8 7
08
8 7
19
8 7
31
8 7
42
8 7
53
8 7
65
8 7
76
920
93
08
78
78 7
98
8 8
10
8 8
21
8 8
32
8 8
44
8 8
55
8 8
66
8 8
78
8 8
89
930
94
08
90
08 9
12
8 9
23
8 9
35
8 9
46
8 9
57
8 9
69
8 9
80
8 9
91
9 0
03
940
95
09
01
49 0
25
9 0
37
9 0
48
9 0
60
9 0
71
9 0
82
9 0
94
9 1
05
9 1
17
950
96
09
12
89 1
39
9 1
51
9 1
62
9 1
74
9 1
85
9 1
97
9 2
08
9 2
19
9 2
31
960
97
09
24
29 2
54
9 2
65
9 2
77
9 2
88
9 3
00
9 3
11
9 3
23
9 3
34
9 3
45
970
98
09
35
79 3
68
9 3
80
9 3
91
9 4
03
9 4
14
9 4
26
9 4
37
9 4
49
9 4
60
980
99
09
47
29 4
83
9 4
95
9 5
06
9 5
18
9 5
29
9 5
41
9 5
52
9 5
64
9 5
76
990
1 0
00
9 5
87
9 5
99
9 6
10
9 6
22
9 6
33
9 6
45
9 6
56
9 6
66
9 8
80
9 6
91
1 0
00
1 0
10
9 7
03
9 7
14
9 7
26
9 7
37
9 7
49
9 7
61
9 7
72
9 7
84
9 7
95
9 8
07
1 0
10
1 0
20
9 8
19
9 8
30
9 8
42
9 8
53
9 8
65
9 8
77
9 8
88
9 9
00
9 9
11
9 9
23
1 0
20
1 0
30
9 9
35
9 9
46
9 9
58
9 9
70
9 9
81
9 9
93
10 0
05
10 0
18
10 0
28
10 0
40
1 0
30
1 0
40
10
05
110 0
63
10 0
76
10 0
86
10 0
98
10 1
10
10 1
21
10 1
33
10 1
45
10 1
56
1 0
40
1 0
50
10
16
810 1
80
10 1
91
10 2
03
10 2
15
10 2
27
10 2
38
10 2
50
10 2
62
10 2
73
1 0
50
1 0
60
10
28
510 2
97
10 3
09
10 3
20
10 3
32
10 3
44
10 3
56
10 3
67
10 3
79
10 3
91
1 0
60
1 0
70
10
40
310 4
14
10 4
26
10 4
38
10 4
50
10 4
61
10 4
73
10 4
85
10 4
97
10 5
09
1 0
70
1 0
80
10
52
010 5
32
10 5
44
10 5
56
10 5
67
10 5
79
10 5
91
10 6
03
10 6
15
10 6
26
1 0
80
1 0
90
10
63
810 6
50
10 6
62
10 6
74
10 6
88
10 6
97
10 7
09
10 7
21
10 7
33
10 7
45
1 0
90
1 1
00
10
75
710 7
68
10 7
80
10 7
92
10 8
04
10 8
16
10 8
28
10 8
39
10 8
51
10 8
63
1 1
00
1 1
10
10
67
510 8
87
10 8
99
10 9
11
10 9
22
10 9
34
10 9
46
10 9
58
10 9
70
10 9
82
1 1
10
1 1
20
10
99
411 0
06
11 0
17
11 0
29
11 0
41
11 0
53
11 0
65
11 0
77
11 0
89
11 1
01
1 1
20
1 1
30
11
11
311 1
25
11 1
36
11 1
48
11 1
60
11 1
72
11 1
84
11 1
96
11 2
08
11 2
20
1 1
30
1 1
40
11
23
211 2
44
11 2
56
11 2
68
11 2
80
11 2
91
11 3
03
11 3
15
11 3
27
11 3
39
1 1
40
1 1
50
11
35
111 3
63
11 3
75
11 3
87
11 3
99
11 4
11
11 4
23
11 4
35
11 4
47
11 4
59
1 1
50
1 1
60
11
47
111 4
83
11 4
95
11 5
07
11 5
19
11 5
31
11 5
42
11 5
54
11 5
66
11 5
78
1 1
60
1 1
70
11
59
011 6
02
11 6
14
11 6
26
11 6
38
11 6
50
11 6
62
11 6
74
11 6
86
11 6
98
1 1
70
1 1
80
11
71
011 7
22
11 7
34
11 7
46
11 7
58
11 7
70
11 7
82
11 7
94
11 8
06
11 8
18
1 1
80
1 1
90
11
83
011 8
42
11 8
54
11 8
66
11 8
78
11 8
90
11 9
02
11 9
14
11 9
26
11 9
39
1 1
90
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
S: P
latin
um–1
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um (c
ontin
ued)
53
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
55
Pla
tinu
m –
10
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m (co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
S
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
1 2
00
11
95
111 9
63
11 9
75
11 9
67
11 9
99
12 0
11
12 0
23
12 0
35
12 0
47
12 0
59
1 2
00
1 2
10
12
07
112 0
83
12 0
95
12 1
07
12 1
19
12 1
31
12 1
43
12 1
55
12 1
67
12 1
79
1 2
10
1 2
20
12
19
112 2
03
12 2
16
12 2
28
12 2
40
12 2
52
12 2
64
12 2
76
12 2
68
12 3
00
1 2
20
1 2
30
12
31
212 3
24
12 3
36
12 3
48
12 3
60
12 3
72
12 3
84
12 3
97
12 4
09
12 4
21
1 2
30
1 2
40
12
43
312 4
45
12 4
57
12 4
69
12 4
81
12 4
93
12 5
05
12 5
17
12 5
29
12 5
42
1 2
40
1 2
50
12
55
412 5
66
12 5
78
12 5
90
12 6
02
12 6
14
12 6
26
12 6
38
12 6
50
12 6
62
1 2
50
1 2
60
12
67
512 6
87
12 6
99
12 7
11
12 7
23
12 7
35
12 7
47
12 7
59
12 7
71
12 7
83
1 2
60
1 2
70
12
79
612 8
08
12 8
20
12 8
32
12 8
44
12 8
56
12 8
68
12 8
80
12 8
92
12 9
05
1 2
70
1 2
80
12
91
712 9
29
12 9
41
12 9
53
12 9
65
12 9
77
12 9
89
13 0
01
13 0
14
13 0
26
1 2
80
1 2
90
13
03
813 0
50
13 0
62
13 0
74
13 0
86
13 0
98
13 1
11
13 1
23
13 1
35
13 1
47
1 2
90
1 3
00
13
15
913 1
71
13 1
83
13 1
95
13 2
08
13 2
20
13 2
32
13 2
44
13 2
56
13 2
68
1 3
00
1 3
10
13
28
013 2
92
13 3
05
13 3
17
13 3
29
13 3
41
13 9
53
13 3
65
13 3
77
13 3
90
1 3
10
1 3
20
13
40
213 4
14
13 4
26
13 4
38
13 4
50
13 4
62
13 4
74
13 4
87
13 4
99
13 5
11
1 3
20
1 3
30
13
52
313 5
35
13 5
47
13 5
59
13 5
72
13 5
84
13 5
96
13 6
06
13 6
20
13 6
32
1 3
30
1 3
40
13
64
413 6
57
13 6
69
13 6
81
13 6
93
13 7
05
13 7
17
13 7
29
13 7
42
13 7
54
1 3
40
1 3
50
13
76
613 7
78
13 7
90
13 8
02
13 8
14
13 8
26
13 8
39
13 8
51
13 8
63
13 8
75
1 3
50
1 3
60
13
88
713 8
99
13 9
11
13 9
24
13 9
36
13 9
48
13 9
60
13 9
72
13 8
84
13 9
96
1 3
60
1 3
70
14
00
914 0
21
14 0
33
14 0
45
14 0
57
14 0
69
14 0
81
14 0
94
14 1
06
14 1
18
1 3
70
1 3
80
14
13
014 1
42
14 1
54
14 1
66
14 1
78
14 1
91
14 2
03
14 2
15
14 2
27
14 2
39
1 3
80
1 3
90
14
25
114 2
63
14 2
76
14 2
88
14 3
00
14 3
12
14 3
24
14 3
36
14 3
48
14 3
60
1 3
90
1 4
00
14
37
314 3
85
14 3
97
14 4
09
14 4
21
14 4
33
14 4
45
14 4
57
14 4
70
14 4
82
1 4
00
1 4
10
14
49
414 5
06
14 5
18
14 5
30
14 5
42
14 5
54
14 5
67
14 5
79
14 5
91
14 6
03
1 4
10
1 4
20
14
61
514 6
27
14 6
39
14 6
51
14 6
64
14 6
76
14 6
88
14 7
00
14 7
12
14 7
24
1 4
20
1 4
30
14
73
614 7
48
14 7
60
14 7
73
14 7
85
14 7
97
14 8
09
14 8
21
14 8
33
14 8
45
1 4
30
1 4
40
14
85
714 8
69
14 8
81
14 8
94
14 9
06
14 9
18
14 9
30
14 9
42
14 9
54
14 9
66
1 4
40
1 4
50
14
97
814 9
90
15 0
02
15 0
15
15 0
27
15 0
39
15 0
51
15 0
63
15 0
75
15 0
87
1 4
50
1 4
60
15
09
915 1
11
15 1
23
15 1
35
15 1
48
15 1
60
15 1
72
15 1
84
15 1
96
15 2
08
1 4
60
1 4
70
15
22
015 2
32
15 2
44
15 2
56
15 2
68
15 2
80
15 2
92
15 3
04
15 3
17
15 3
29
1 4
70
1 4
80
15
34
115 3
53
15 3
65
15 3
77
15 3
89
15 4
01
15 4
13
15 4
25
15 4
37
15 4
49
1 4
80
1 4
90
15
46
115 4
73
15 4
85
15 4
97
15 5
09
15 5
21
15 5
34
15 5
46
15 5
58
15 5
70
1 4
90
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
S: P
latin
um–1
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um (c
ontin
ued)
54
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
56
Pla
tinu
m –
10
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m (co
nlud
ed)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
S
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
1 5
00
15
58
215 5
94
15 6
06
15 6
18
15 6
30
15 6
42
15 6
54
15 6
66
15 6
78
15 6
90
1 5
00
1 5
10
15
70
215 7
14
15 7
26
15 7
38
15 7
50
15 7
62
15 7
74
15 7
86
15 7
98
15 8
10
1 5
10
1 5
20
15
82
215 8
34
15 8
46
15 8
58
15 8
70
15 8
82
15 8
94
15 9
06
15 9
18
15 9
30
1 5
20
1 5
30
15
94
215 9
54
15 9
66
15 9
78
15 9
90
16 0
02
16 0
14
16 0
26
16 0
38
16 0
50
1 5
30
1 5
40
16
06
216 0
74
16 0
86
16 0
98
16 1
10
16 1
22
16 1
34
16 1
46
16 1
58
16 1
70
1 5
40
1 5
50
16
18
216 1
94
16 2
05
16 2
17
16 2
29
16 2
41
16 2
53
16 2
65
16 2
77
16 2
89
1 5
50
1 5
60
16
30
116 3
13
16 3
25
16 3
37
16 3
49
16 3
61
16 3
73
16 3
85
16 3
96
16 4
08
1 5
60
1 5
70
16
42
016 4
32
16 4
44
16 4
56
16 4
68
16 4
80
16 4
92
16 5
04
16 5
16
16 5
27
1 5
70
1 5
80
16
53
916 5
51
16 5
63
16 5
75
16 5
87
16 5
99
16 6
11
16 6
23
16 6
34
16 6
46
1 5
80
1 5
90
16
65
816 6
70
16 6
82
16 6
94
16 7
06
16 7
18
16 7
29
16 7
41
16 7
53
16 7
85
1 5
90
1 6
00
16
77
716 7
89
16 8
01
16 8
12
16 8
24
16 8
36
16 8
48
16 8
60
16 8
72
16 8
83
1 6
00
1 6
10
16
89
516 9
07
16 9
19
16 9
31
16 9
43
16 9
54
16 9
66
16 9
78
16 9
90
17 0
02
1 6
10
1 6
20
17
01
317 0
25
17 0
37
17 0
49
17 0
61
17 0
72
17 0
84
17 0
96
17 1
08
17 1
20
1 6
20
1 6
30
17
13
117 1
43
17 1
55
17 1
67
17 1
78
17 1
90
17 2
02
17 2
14
17 2
25
17 2
37
1 6
30
1 6
40
17
24
917 2
61
17 2
72
17 2
84
17 2
96
17 3
08
17 3
19
17 3
31
17 3
43
17 3
55
1 6
40
1 6
50
17
36
617 3
78
17 3
90
17 4
01
17 4
13
17 4
25
17 4
37
17 4
48
17 4
60
17 4
72
1 6
50
1 6
60
17
48
317 4
95
17 5
07
17 5
18
17 5
30
17 5
42
17 5
53
17 5
65
17 5
77
17 5
88
1 6
60
1 6
70
17
60
017 6
12
17 6
23
17 6
35
17 6
47
17 6
58
17 6
70
17 6
82
17 6
93
17 7
05
1 6
70
1 6
80
17
71
717 7
28
17 7
40
17 7
51
17 7
63
17 7
75
17 7
86
17 7
98
17 8
09
17 8
21
1 6
80
1 6
90
17
83
217 8
44
17 8
55
17 8
67
17 8
78
17 8
90
17 9
01
17 9
13
17 9
24
17 9
36
1 6
90
1 7
00
17
94
717 9
59
17 9
70
17 9
82
17 9
93
18 0
04
18 0
16
18 0
27
18 0
39
18 0
50
1 7
00
1 7
10
18
06
118 0
73
18 0
84
18 0
95
18 1
07
18 1
18
18 1
29
18 1
40
18 1
52
18 1
63
1 7
10
1 7
20
18
17
418 1
85
18 1
96
18 2
08
18 2
19
18 2
30
18 2
41
18 2
52
18 2
63
18 2
74
1 7
20
1 7
30
18
28
518 2
97
18 3
08
18 3
19
18 3
30
18 3
41
18 3
52
18 3
62
18 3
73
18 3
84
1 7
30
1 7
40
18
39
518 4
06
18 4
17
18 4
28
18 4
39
18 4
49
18 4
60
18 4
71
18 4
82
18 4
93
1 7
40
1 7
50
18
50
318 6
14
18 5
25
18 5
35
18 5
46
18 5
57
18 5
67
18 5
78
18 5
88
18 5
99
1 7
50
1 7
60
18
60
918 6
20
18 6
30
18 6
41
18 6
51
18 6
61
18 6
72
18 6
82
18 6
93
1 7
60
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
S: P
latin
um–1
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um (c
oncl
uded
)
55
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
57
Pla
tinu
m –
30
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m –
6%
rho
dium
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
B
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
00
00
-1-1
-1-1
-1-2
-20
10
-2-2
-2-2
-2-2
-2-2
-3-3
10
20
-3-3
-3-3
-3-2
-2-2
-2-2
20
30
-2-2
-2-2
-2-1
-1-1
-1-1
30
40
00
00
01
11
22
40
50
23
33
44
45
56
50
60
67
78
89
910
10
11
60
70
11
12
12
13
14
14
15
15
16
17
70
80
17
18
19
20
20
21
22
22
23
24
80
90
25
26
26
27
28
29
30
31
31
32
90
10
03
334
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
100
11
04
344
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
110
12
05
355
56
57
58
59
60
62
63
64
120
13
06
566
68
69
70
72
73
74
75
77
130
14
07
879
81
82
84
85
86
88
89
91
140
15
09
294
95
96
98
99
101
102
104
106
150
16
01
07
109
110
112
113
115
117
118
120
122
160
17
01
23
125
127
128
130
132
134
135
137
139
170
18
01
41
142
144
146
148
150
151
153
155
157
180
19
01
59
161
163
165
166
168
170
172
174
176
190
20
01
78
180
182
184
186
188
190
192
196
197
200
21
01
99
201
203
204
207
209
212
214
216
218
210
22
02
20
222
225
227
229
231
234
236
238
241
220
23
02
43
245
248
250
252
255
257
259
262
264
230
24
02
67
269
271
274
276
279
281
284
286
289
240
25
02
91
294
296
299
301
304
307
309
312
314
250
26
03
17
320
322
325
328
330
333
336
338
341
260
27
03
44
347
349
352
355
358
360
363
366
369
270
28
03
72
375
377
380
383
386
389
392
395
398
280
29
04
01
404
407
410
413
416
419
422
425
428
290
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
B: P
latin
um–3
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um–6
% rh
odiu
m
56
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
58
Pla
tinu
m –
30
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m –
6%
rho
dium
(co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
B
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
30
04
31
434
437
440
443
446
449
452
455
458
300
31
04
62
466
468
471
474
478
481
484
487
490
310
32
04
94
497
500
503
507
510
513
517
520
523
320
33
05
27
530
533
537
540
544
547
550
554
557
330
34
05
61
564
568
571
575
578
582
585
589
592
340
35
05
96
599
603
607
610
614
617
621
625
928
350
36
06
32
636
639
643
647
650
654
658
662
665
360
37
06
69
673
677
680
684
688
692
696
700
703
370
38
07
07
711
715
719
723
727
731
735
738
742
380
39
07
46
750
754
758
762
766
770
774
778
782
390
40
07
87
791
795
799
803
807
811
815
819
824
400
41
08
28
832
836
840
844
849
853
857
861
866
410
42
08
70
874
878
883
887
891
896
900
904
909
420
43
09
13
917
922
926
930
935
939
944
948
953
430
44
09
57
961
966
970
975
979
984
986
993
994
440
45
01
00
21 0
07
1 0
11
1 0
16
1 0
20
1 0
25
1 0
30
1 0
34
1 0
39
1 0
43
450
46
01
04
81 0
53
1 0
57
1 0
62
1 0
67
1 0
71
1 0
76
1 0
81
1 0
86
1 0
90
460
47
01
09
51 1
00
1 1
06
1 1
09
1 1
14
1 1
19
1 1
24
1 1
29
1 1
33
1 1
38
470
48
01
14
31 1
48
1 1
53
1 1
58
1 1
63
1 1
67
1 1
72
1 1
77
1 1
82
1 1
87
480
49
01
19
21 1
97
1 2
02
1 2
07
1 2
12
1 2
17
1 2
22
1 2
27
1 2
32
1 2
37
490
50
01
24
21 2
47
1 2
52
1 2
57
1 2
62
1 2
67
1 2
72
1 2
77
1 2
82
1 2
88
500
51
01
29
31 2
98
1 3
03
1 3
08
1 3
13
1 3
18
1 3
24
1 3
29
1 3
34
1 3
39
510
52
01
34
41 3
50
1 3
55
1 3
80
1 3
65
1 3
71
1 3
76
1 3
81
1 3
87
1 3
92
520
53
01
39
71 4
02
1 4
08
1 4
13
1 4
18
1 4
24
1 4
29
1 4
35
1 4
40
1 4
45
530
54
01
45
11 4
56
1 4
62
1 4
67
1 4
72
1 4
78
1 4
83
1 4
89
1 4
94
1 5
00
540
55
01
50
51 5
11
1 5
16
1 5
22
1 5
27
1 5
33
1 5
39
1 5
44
1 5
50
1 5
55
550
56
01
56
11 5
66
1 5
72
1 5
78
1 5
83
1 5
89
1 5
95
1 6
00
1 6
06
1 6
12
560
57
01
61
71 6
23
1 6
29
1 6
34
1 6
40
1 6
46
1 6
52
1 6
57
1 6
63
1 6
69
570
58
01
67
51 6
60
1 6
86
1 6
92
1 6
98
1 7
04
1 7
09
1 7
15
1 7
21
1 7
27
580
59
01
73
31 7
39
1 7
45
1 7
50
1 7
56
1 7
62
1 7
68
1 7
74
1 7
80
1 7
86
590
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
B: P
latin
um–3
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um–6
% rh
odiu
m (c
ontin
ued)
57
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
59
Pla
tinu
m –
30
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m –
6%
rho
dium
(co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
B
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
60
01
79
21 7
98
1 8
04
1 8
10
1 8
16
1 8
22
1 8
28
1 8
34
1 8
40
1 8
46
600
61
01
85
21 8
58
1 8
64
1 8
70
1 8
76
1 8
82
1 8
88
1 8
94
1 9
01
1 9
07
610
62
01
91
31 9
19
1 9
25
1 9
31
1 9
37
1 9
44
1 9
50
1 9
56
1 9
62
1 9
68
620
63
01
97
51 9
81
1 9
87
1 9
93
1 9
99
2 0
06
2 0
12
2 0
18
2 0
25
2 0
31
630
64
02
03
72 0
43
2 0
50
2 0
56
2 0
62
2 0
69
2 0
75
2 0
82
2 0
88
2 0
94
640
65
02
10
12 1
07
2 1
13
2 1
20
2 1
26
2 1
33
2 1
39
2 1
46
2 1
52
2 1
58
650
66
02
16
52 1
71
2 1
78
2 1
84
2 1
91
2 1
97
2 2
04
2 2
10
2 2
17
2 2
24
660
67
02
23
02 2
37
2 2
43
2 2
50
2 2
56
2 2
63
2 2
70
2 2
76
2 2
83
2 2
89
670
68
02
29
62 3
03
2 3
09
2 3
16
2 3
23
2 3
29
2 3
36
2 3
43
2 3
50
2 3
56
680
69
02
36
32 3
70
2 3
76
2 3
83
2 3
90
2 3
97
2 4
03
2 4
10
2 4
17
2 4
24
690
70
02
43
12 4
37
2 4
44
2 4
51
2 4
58
2 4
65
2 4
72
2 4
79
2 4
85
2 4
92
700
71
02
49
92 5
06
2 5
13
2 5
20
2 5
27
2 5
34
2 5
41
2 5
48
2 5
56
2 5
62
710
72
02
56
92 5
76
2 5
83
2 5
90
2 5
97
2 6
04
2 6
11
2 6
18
2 6
25
2 6
32
720
73
02
63
92 6
46
2 6
53
2 6
60
2 6
67
2 5
74
2 6
81
2 6
88
2 6
96
2 7
03
730
74
02
71
02 7
17
2 7
24
2 7
31
2 7
38
2 7
46
2 7
53
2 7
60
2 7
67
2 7
75
740
75
02
78
22 7
89
2 7
96
2 8
03
2 8
11
2 8
18
2 8
25
2 8
33
2 8
40
2 8
47
750
76
02
85
42 8
62
2 8
69
2 8
76
2 8
84
2 8
91
2 8
98
2 9
06
2 9
13
2 9
21
760
77
02
92
82 9
35
2 9
43
2 9
50
2 9
58
2 9
65
2 9
73
2 9
80
2 9
87
2 9
95
770
78
03
00
23 0
10
3 0
17
3 0
25
3 0
32
3 0
40
3 0
47
3 0
55
3 0
62
3 0
70
780
79
03
07
83 0
85
3 0
93
3 1
00
3 1
08
3 1
16
3 1
23
3 1
31
3 1
38
3 1
46
790
80
03
15
43 1
61
3 1
69
3 1
77
3 1
84
3 1
92
3 2
00
3 2
07
3 2
15
3 2
23
800
81
03
23
03 2
38
3 2
46
3 2
54
3 2
61
3 2
69
3 2
77
3 2
85
3 2
92
3 3
00
810
82
03
30
83 3
16
3 3
24
3 3
31
3 3
39
3 3
47
3 3
65
3 3
63
3 3
71
3 3
79
820
83
03
38
63 3
94
3 4
02
3 4
10
3 4
18
3 4
26
3 4
34
3 4
42
3 4
50
3 4
58
830
84
03
46
63 4
74
3 4
82
3 4
90
3 4
98
3 5
06
3 5
14
3 5
22
3 5
30
3 5
38
840
85
03
54
63 5
54
3 5
82
3 5
70
3 5
78
3 5
86
3 5
94
3 6
02
3 6
10
3 6
18
850
86
03
62
63 6
34
3 6
43
3 6
51
3 6
59
3 6
67
3 6
75
3 6
83
3 6
92
3 7
00
860
87
03
70
83 7
16
3 7
24
3 7
32
3 7
41
3 7
49
3 7
57
3 7
65
3 7
74
3 7
82
870
88
03
79
03 7
98
3 8
07
3 8
15
3 8
23
3 8
32
3 8
40
3 8
48
3 8
57
3 8
65
880
89
03
67
33 8
82
3 8
90
3 8
98
3 9
07
3 9
15
3 9
23
3 9
32
3 9
40
3 9
49
890
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
B: P
latin
um–3
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um–6
% rh
odiu
m (c
ontin
ued)
58
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
60
Pla
tinu
m –
30
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m –
6%
rho
dium
(co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
B
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
90
03
95
73 9
65
3 9
74
3 9
82
3 9
91
3 9
99
4 0
08
4 0
16
4 0
24
4 0
33
900
91
04
04
14 0
50
4 0
58
4 0
67
4 0
75
4 0
84
4 0
93
4 1
01
4 1
10
4 1
18
910
92
04
12
74 1
35
4 1
44
4 1
52
4 1
61
4 1
70
4 1
78
4 1
87
4 1
95
4 2
04
920
93
04
21
34 2
21
4 2
30
4 2
39
4 2
47
4 2
56
4 2
65
4 2
73
4 2
82
4 2
91
930
94
04
29
94 3
08
4 3
17
4 3
26
4 3
34
4 3
43
4 3
52
4 3
60
4 3
69
4 3
78
940
95
04
38
74 3
96
4 4
04
4 4
13
4 4
22
4 4
31
4 4
40
4 4
48
4 4
57
4 4
66
950
96
04
47
54 4
84
4 4
93
4 5
01
4 5
10
4 5
19
4 5
28
4 5
37
4 5
46
4 5
55
960
97
04
56
44 5
73
4 5
82
4 5
91
4 5
99
4 6
08
4 6
17
4 6
26
4 6
35
4 6
44
970
98
04
65
34 6
62
4 6
71
4 6
80
4 6
89
4 6
98
4 7
07
4 7
16
4 7
25
4 7
34
980
99
04
74
34 7
53
4 7
62
4 7
71
4 7
80
4 7
89
4 7
98
4 8
07
4 8
16
4 8
25
990
1 0
00
4 8
34
4 8
43
4 8
53
4 8
62
4 8
71
4 8
80
4 8
89
4 8
98
4 9
08
4 9
17
1 0
00
1 0
10
4 9
26
4 9
35
4 9
44
4 9
54
4 9
63
4 9
72
4 9
81
4 9
90
5 0
00
5 0
09
1 0
10
1 0
20
5 0
18
5 0
27
5 0
37
5 0
46
5 0
55
5 0
65
5 0
74
5 0
83
5 0
92
5 1
02
1 0
20
1 0
30
5 1
11
5 1
20
5 1
30
5 1
39
5 1
48
5 1
58
5 1
67
5 1
76
5 1
86
5 1
95
1 0
30
1 0
40
5 2
05
5 2
14
5 2
23
5 2
33
5 2
42
5 2
52
5 2
61
5 2
70
5 2
80
5 2
89
1 0
40
1 0
50
5 2
99
5 3
08
5 3
18
5 3
27
5 3
37
5 3
46
5 3
56
5 3
65
5 3
75
5 3
84
1 0
50
1 0
60
5 3
94
5 4
03
5 4
13
5 4
22
5 4
32
5 4
41
5 4
51
5 4
80
5 4
70
5 4
80
1 0
60
1 0
70
5 4
89
5 4
99
5 5
08
5 5
18
5 5
28
5 5
37
5 5
47
5 5
56
5 5
66
5 5
78
1 0
70
1 0
80
5 5
85
5 5
95
5 6
05
5 6
14
5 6
24
5 6
34
5 6
43
5 6
53
5 6
63
5 6
72
1 0
80
1 0
90
5 6
82
5 6
92
5 7
02
5 7
11
5 7
21
5 7
31
5 7
40
5 7
50
5 7
60
5 7
70
1 0
90
1 1
00
5 7
80
5 7
89
5 7
99
5 8
09
5 8
19
5 8
28
5 8
38
5 8
48
5 8
58
5 8
68
1 1
00
1 1
10
5 8
78
5 8
87
5 8
97
5 9
07
5 9
17
5 9
27
5 9
37
5 9
47
5 9
56
5 9
68
1 1
10
1 1
20
5 9
76
5 9
86
5 9
96
6 0
06
6 0
16
6 0
26
6 0
36
6 0
46
6 0
55
6 0
65
1 1
20
1 1
30
6 0
75
6 0
85
6 0
95
6 1
05
6 1
15
6 1
25
6 1
35
6 1
45
6 1
55
6 1
65
1 1
30
1 1
40
6 1
75
6 1
85
6 1
95
6 2
05
6 2
15
6 2
25
6 2
35
6 2
45
6 2
56
6 2
66
1 1
40
1 1
50
6 2
76
6 2
86
6 2
96
6 3
06
6 3
16
6 3
26
6 3
36
6 3
46
6 3
56
6 3
67
1 1
50
1 1
60
6 3
77
6 3
87
6 3
97
6 4
07
6 4
17
6 4
27
6 4
38
6 4
48
6 4
58
6 4
68
1 1
60
1 1
70
6 4
78
6 4
88
6 4
99
6 5
09
6 5
19
6 5
29
6 5
39
6 5
50
6 5
60
6 5
70
1 1
70
1 1
80
6 5
80
6 5
91
6 6
01
6 6
11
6 6
21
6 6
32
6 6
42
6 6
52
6 6
63
6 6
73
1 1
80
1 1
90
6 6
83
6 6
93
6 7
04
6 7
14
6 7
24
6 7
35
6 7
45
6 7
55
6 7
66
6 7
76
1 1
90
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
B: P
latin
um–3
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um–6
% rh
odiu
m (c
ontin
ued)
59
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
61
Pla
tinu
m –
30
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m –
6%
rho
dium
(co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
B
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
1 2
00
6 7
86
6 7
97
6 8
07
6 8
18
6 8
28
6 8
38
6 8
49
6 8
59
6 8
69
6 8
80
1 2
00
1 2
10
6 8
90
6 9
01
6 9
11
6 9
22
6 9
32
6 9
42
6 9
53
6 9
63
6 9
74
6 9
84
1 2
10
1 2
20
6 9
95
7 0
05
7 0
16
7 0
26
7 0
37
7 0
47
7 0
58
7 0
68
7 0
79
7 0
89
1 2
20
1 2
30
7 1
00
7 1
10
7 1
21
7 1
31
7 1
42
7 1
52
7 1
63
7 1
73
7 1
84
7 1
94
1 2
30
1 2
40
7 2
05
7 2
16
7 2
26
7 2
37
7 2
47
7 2
58
7 2
69
7 2
79
7 2
90
7 3
00
1 2
40
1 2
50
7 3
11
7 3
22
7 3
32
7 3
43
7 3
53
7 3
64
7 3
75
7 3
85
7 3
96
7 4
07
1 2
50
1 2
60
7 4
17
7 4
28
7 4
39
7 4
49
7 4
60
7 4
71
7 4
82
7 4
92
7 5
03
7 5
14
1 2
60
1 2
70
7 5
24
7 5
35
7 5
46
7 5
57
7 5
67
7 5
78
7 5
89
7 6
00
7 6
10
7 6
21
1 2
70
1 2
80
7 6
32
7 6
43
7 6
53
7 6
64
7 6
75
7 6
86
7 6
97
7 7
07
7 7
18
7 7
29
1 2
80
1 2
90
7 7
40
7 7
51
7 7
61
7 7
72
7 7
83
7 7
94
7 8
05
7 8
16
7 8
27
7 8
37
1 2
90
1 3
00
7 8
48
7 8
59
7 8
70
7 8
81
7 8
92
7 9
03
7 9
14
7 9
24
7 9
35
7 9
46
1 3
00
1 3
10
7 9
57
7 9
68
7 9
79
7 9
90
8 0
01
8 0
12
8 0
23
8 0
34
8 0
45
8 0
56
1 3
10
1 3
20
8 0
66
8 0
77
8 0
86
8 0
99
8 1
10
8 1
21
8 1
32
8 1
43
8 1
54
8 1
65
1 3
20
1 3
30
8 1
76
8 1
87
8 1
98
8 2
09
8 2
20
8 2
31
8 2
42
8 2
53
8 2
64
8 2
75
1 3
30
1 3
40
8 2
86
8 2
98
8 3
09
8 3
20
8 3
31
8 3
42
8 3
53
8 3
64
8 3
75
8 3
86
1 3
40
1 3
50
8 3
97
8 4
08
8 4
19
8 4
30
8 4
41
8 4
53
8 4
64
8 4
75
8 4
86
8 4
97
1 3
50
1 3
60
8 5
08
8 5
19
8 5
30
8 5
42
8 5
53
8 5
64
8 5
75
8 5
86
8 5
97
8 6
08
1 3
60
1 3
70
8 6
20
8 6
31
8 8
42
6 6
53
8 6
64
8 6
75
8 6
87
8 6
98
8 7
09
8 7
20
1 3
70
1 3
80
8 7
31
8 7
43
8 7
54
8 7
65
8 7
76
8 7
87
8 7
99
8 8
10
8 8
21
8 8
32
1 3
80
1 3
90
8 8
44
8 8
55
8 8
66
8 8
77
8 8
89
8 9
00
8 9
11
8 9
22
8 9
34
8 9
45
1 3
90
1 4
00
8 9
56
8 9
67
8 9
79
8 9
90
9 0
01
9 0
13
9 0
24
9 0
35
9 0
47
9 0
58
1 4
00
1 4
10
9 0
69
9 0
80
9 0
92
9 1
03
9 1
14
9 1
26
9 1
37
9 1
48
9 1
60
9 1
71
1 4
10
1 4
20
9 1
82
9 1
94
9 2
05
9 2
16
9 2
28
9 2
39
9 2
51
9 2
62
9 2
73
9 2
85
1 4
20
1 4
30
9 2
96
9 3
07
9 3
19
9 3
30
9 3
42
9 3
53
9 3
64
9 3
76
9 3
87
9 3
98
1 4
30
1 4
40
9 4
10
9 4
21
9 4
33
9 4
44
9 4
56
9 4
67
9 4
78
9 4
90
9 5
01
9 5
13
1 4
40
1 4
50
9 5
24
9 5
36
9 5
47
9 5
58
9 5
70
9 5
81
9 5
93
9 6
04
9 6
16
9 6
27
1 4
50
1 4
60
9 6
39
9 6
50
9 6
62
9 6
73
9 6
84
9 6
96
9 7
07
9 7
19
9 7
30
9 7
42
1 4
60
1 4
70
9 7
53
9 7
65
9 7
76
9 7
88
9 7
99
9 8
11
9 8
22
9 8
34
9 9
45
9 8
57
1 4
70
1 4
80
9 8
68
9 8
80
9 8
91
9 9
03
9 9
14
9 9
26
9 9
37
9 9
49
9 9
61
9 9
72
1480
1 4
90
9 9
84
9 9
95
10 0
07
10 0
18
10 0
30
10 0
41
10 0
53
10 0
64
10 0
76
10 0
88
1 4
90
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
B: P
latin
um–3
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um–6
% rh
odiu
m (c
ontin
ued)
60
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
62
Pla
tinu
m –
30
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m –
6%
rho
dium
(co
ntin
ued)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
B
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
1 5
00
10
09
910 1
11
10 1
22
10 1
34
10 1
45
10 1
67
10 1
68
10 1
80
10 1
92
10 2
03
1 5
00
1 5
10
10
21
510 2
26
10 2
36
10 2
49
10 2
61
10 2
73
10 2
84
10 2
96
10 3
07
10 3
19
1 5
10
1 5
20
10
33
110 3
42
10 3
54
10 3
65
10 3
77
10 3
89
10 4
00
10 4
12
10 4
23
10 4
35
1 5
20
1 5
30
10
44
710 4
58
10 4
70
10 4
82
10 4
93
10 5
05
10 5
16
10 5
28
10 5
40
10 5
51
1 5
30
1 5
40
10
56
310 5
75
10 5
86
10 5
98
10 6
09
10 6
21
10 6
33
10 6
44
10 6
58
10 6
68
1 5
40
1 5
50
10
67
910 6
91
10 7
03
10 7
14
10 7
26
10 7
38
10 7
49
10 7
61
10 7
73
10 7
84
1 5
50
1 5
60
10
79
610 8
08
10 8
19
10 8
31
10 8
43
10 8
54
10 8
66
10 8
77
10 8
89
10 9
01
1 5
60
1 5
70
10
91
310 9
24
10 9
36
10 9
48
10 9
59
10 9
71
10 9
83
10 9
94
11 0
06
11 0
18
1 5
70
1 5
80
11
02
911 0
41
11 0
53
11 0
64
11 0
76
11 0
88
11 0
99
11 1
11
11 1
23
11 1
34
1 5
80
1 5
90
11
14
611 1
58
11 1
69
11 1
81
11 1
93
11 2
05
11 2
16
11 2
28
11 2
40
11 2
51
1 5
90
1 6
00
11
26
311 2
75
11 2
86
11 2
98
11 3
10
11 3
21
11 3
33
11 3
45
11 3
57
11 3
68
1 6
00
1 6
10
11
38
011 3
92
11 4
03
11 4
15
11 4
27
11 4
38
11 4
50
11 4
62
11 4
74
11 4
85
1 6
10
1 6
20
11
49
711 5
09
11 5
20
11 5
32
11 5
44
11 5
56
11 5
67
11 5
79
11 5
91
11 6
02
1 6
20
1 6
30
11
61
411 6
26
11 6
37
11 6
49
11 6
61
11 6
73
11 6
84
11 6
96
11 7
08
11 7
19
1 6
30
1 6
40
11
73
111 7
43
11 7
54
11 7
66
11 7
78
11 7
90
11 8
01
11 8
13
11 8
25
11 8
36
1 6
40
1 6
50
11
84
811 8
60
11 8
71
11 8
83
11 8
95
11 9
07
11 9
18
11 9
30
11 9
42
11 9
53
1 6
50
1 6
60
11
96
511 9
77
11 9
88
12 0
00
12 0
12
12 0
24
12 0
35
12 0
47
12 0
59
12 0
70
1 6
60
1 6
70
12
08
212 0
94
12 1
05
12 1
17
12 1
29
12 1
41
12 1
52
12 1
64
12 1
76
12 1
87
1 6
70
1 6
80
12
19
912 2
11
12 2
22
12 2
34
12 2
46
12 2
57
12 2
69
12 2
81
12 2
92
12 3
04
1 6
80
1 6
90
12
31
612 3
27
12 3
39
12 3
51
12 3
63
12 3
74
12 3
86
12 3
98
12 4
09
12 4
21
1 6
90
1 7
00
12
43
312 4
44
12 4
56
12 4
68
12 4
79
12 4
91
12 5
03
12 5
14
12 5
26
12 5
38
1 7
00
1 7
10
12
54
912 5
61
12 5
72
12 5
84
12 5
96
12 6
07
12 6
19
12 6
31
12 6
42
12 6
54
1 7
10
1 7
20
12
66
612 6
77
12 6
89
12 7
01
12 7
12
12 7
24
12 7
36
12 7
47
12 7
59
12 7
70
1 7
20
1 7
30
12
78
212 7
94
12 8
05
12 8
17
12 8
29
12 8
40
12 8
52
12 8
83
12 8
75
12 8
87
1 7
30
1 7
40
12
89
812 9
10
12 9
21
12 9
33
12 9
45
12 9
56
12 9
68
12 9
80
12 9
91
13 0
03
1 7
40
1 7
50
13
01
413 0
26
13 0
37
13 0
49
13 0
61
13 0
72
13 0
84
13 0
95
13 1
07
13 1
19
1 7
50
1 7
60
13
13
013 1
42
13 1
53
13 1
65
13 1
76
13 1
88
13 2
00
13 2
11
13 2
23
13 2
34
1 7
60
1 7
70
13
24
613 2
57
13 2
69
13 2
80
13 2
92
13 3
04
13 3
15
13 3
27
13 3
38
13 3
50
1 7
70
1 7
80
13
36
113 3
73
13 3
84
13 3
96
13 4
07
13 4
19
13 4
30
13 4
42
13 4
53
13 4
85
1 7
80
1 7
90
13
47
613 4
88
13 4
99
13 5
11
13 5
22
13 5
34
13 5
45
13 5
57
13 5
68
13 5
80
1 7
90
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
B: P
latin
um–3
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um–6
% rh
odiu
m (c
ontin
ued)
61
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
63
Pla
tinu
m –
30
% r
hodi
um/p
latinu
m –
6%
rho
dium
(co
nclu
ded)
Ele
ctro
mot
ive
forc
e as
a fun
ctio
n of
tem
pera
ture
Ty
pe
B
E/µV
T90
/ºC
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8-9
T90/º
C
1 8
00
13
59
113 6
03
13 6
14
13 6
26
13 6
37
13 6
49
13 6
60
13 6
72
13 6
83
13 6
94
1 8
00
1 8
10
13
70
613 7
17
13 7
29
13 7
40
13 7
52
13 7
63
13 7
75
13 7
86
13 7
97
13 8
09
1 8
10
1 8
20
13
82
01 8
20
6. THeRmOCOUpleS mv TaBleS
Type
B: P
latin
um–3
0% rh
odiu
m/p
latin
um–6
% rh
odiu
m (c
oncl
uded
)
62
Electromotiveforceasafunctionoftemperature
7. ReSISTaNCe TempeRaTURe DeTeCTORS
ResistanceElement R1 R2
Vb
R3RT
S
Bridge Output
PowerSupply
ResistanceElement R1 R2
Vb
R3RT
S
Bridge Output
Lead Resistance PowerSupply
ResistanceElement R1 R2
Vb
R3RT
S
Bridge Output
Lead ResistancePowerSupply
aND TaBle
63
AResistance TemperatureDetector (RTD) operates under theprinciplethattheelectricalresistanceofcertainmetalsincrea-sesordecreasesinarepeatableandpredictablemannerwithatemperaturechange.RTD’smayhavealowertemperaturerangethansomethermo-couplesandaslowerresponsetime,however,theyaremoresta-bleandrepeatableoverlongperiodsoftime.RTD’shighersignaloutputsmakethemeasierto interfacewithcomputers&dataloggers.Theyreducetheeffectsofradiofrequencyinterference.RTD’sareusedin:theplasticprocessingindustry,environmen-taltestchambers,motorwindings,pumpsandbearings,ovens,kilns,wastetreatmentandthepulp&paperindustry.RTD’sareavailable in the same configurations of thermocouples to suitthemostapplications.
Basic RTD’s constructions• Flatfilmconstructions,ceramicinsulation•Sealedbifilarwinding,ceramicinsulation•Sealedbifilarwinding,glassinsulation
Standard wiring systems
RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE DETECTOR
2-wiringsystem 3-wiringsystem 4-wiringsystem
7. ReSISTaNCe TempeRaTURe DeTeCTORSaND TaBle
64
There aremany RTD types available on today’smarket. Eachhasitsownparticularadvantagesanddisadvantages.Inmanycases,RTD’sandtheiraccessoriesaredesignedforaspecifictemperaturemeasurementproblem.Inothercases,RTD’saremanufacturedwithawidevarietyofpossibleapplications.Itisnot the intentiontocompareoneRTDtypewithanother,or tocomparetheRTDofonemanufacturerwithanother.RTD’smustbeselectedtomeettheneedsofaparticularinstallation.
Twoexamplesasaguideintheselectionprocess:• Tubetypeconstruction•Mineralinsulatedtype
Tube type constructionThemostbasicRTDconstructionisthetubetypeconstruction.Thewirescanbemadeofseveralmaterials(dependingonthetemperaturerange)suchascopper,silverornickelcladcopperwire.TheinsulationmaterialofthewirescanbePVC,SiliconorPTFEinsulatorsfortemperatureupto250°C.Abovethistemperaturetheisolationmaterialwillbeceramic.Thetotalconstructionisnotbendableandisnormallynotusedinapplicationswithalotofvibrations.
RTD BODY CONSTRUCTION (PT100)
Resistance Thermometer Connection Leads InsulatorSheathConnectionto leads
A basic construction for RTD’s
7. ReSISTaNCe TempeRaTURe DeTeCTORS
Accuracy according IEC 60751n, can be 1/3,1/5,1/6 and 1/10 at 0 °C
Temperature Class A, ±°C Class B, ±°C
-200°C 0,55°C 1,3°C0°C 0,15°C 0,3°C+100°C 0,35°C 0,8°C+200°C 0,55°C 1,3°C+300°C 0,75°C 1,8°C+500°C 1,15°C 2,8°C+700°C -3,8°C
aND TaBle
65
ThemostcommonusedRTDconstructionismineralinsulated.Themineralinsulatedtypeisbendableandcanbeusedinap-plicationswithhighvibrationconditions.Theconstruction:• 4conductorsfromseveralmaterials• Isolatedwithmagnesiumpowder(MgO)• SSoutersheath• Availablediameters:from1.5mm,withameasuringsystemof4wire,upto6.4mm
Commercial platinum grades are produced which exhibit achangeofresistanceof0.385ohms/°C(EuropeanFundamen-tal Interval). The sensor is usuallymade to havea resistanceof 100 ohms at 0°C, this is defined in BS EN 60751:1996.TheAmericanFundamentalIntervalis0.392ohms/°C.
Uponrequest,RTD’ssuchas:Pt400,Pt500andPt1000.ForotherinternationalPt100standards,pleasecontactouroffice.
ANSI :alpha0.00379 insteadof0.00385IECJIS :alpha0.003916 insteadof0.00385IEC
MINERAL INSULATED TYPE
3
2
1
-100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600--2000
Tolerance ± ˚CClass B“1/10 DIN” Besttolerance, B
Class A
“1/10 DIN” Besttolerance, A
“1/10 DIN”Theoretical butunattainable
8. a FeW CONSTRUCTIONS OFTempeRaTURe SeNSORS
66
°C Ω °C Ω °C Ω °C Ω
-200 18.52 20 107.79 240 190.47 460 267.56-195 20.68 25 109.73 245 192.29 465 269.56-190 22.83 30 111.67 250 194.10 470 270.93-185 24.97 35 113.61 255 195.91 475 272.61-180 27.10 40 115.54 260 197.71 480 274.29-175 29.22 45 117.47 265 199.51 485 275.97-170 31.33 50 119.40 270 201.31 490 277.64-165 33.44 55 121.32 275 203.11 495 279.31-160 35.54 60 123.24 280 204.90 500 280.98-155 37.64 65 125.16 285 206.70 505 282.64-150 39.72 70 127.08 290 208.48 510 284.30-145 41.80 75 128.99 295 210.27 515 298.96-140 43.88 80 130.90 300 212.05 520 287.62-135 45.94 85 132.80 305 213.83 525 289.27-130 48.00 90 134.71 310 215.61 530 290.92-125 50.06 95 136.61 315 217.38 535 292.56-120 52.11 100 138.51 320 219.15 540 294.21-115 54.15 105 140.40 325 220.92 545 295.85-110 56.19 110 142.29 330 222.69 550 297.49-105 58.23 115 144.18 335 224.45 555 299.12-100 60.26 120 156.07 340 226.21 560 300.75-95 62.28 125 147.95 345 227.96 565 302.38-90 64.30 130 149.83 350 229.72 570 304.01-85 66.31 135 151.71 355 231.47 575 305.63-80 68.33 140 153.58 360 233.21 580 307.25-75 70.33 145 155.46 365 234.96 585 308.87-70 72.33 150 157.33 370 236.70 590 310.49-65 74.33 155 159.19 375 238.44 595 312.10-60 76.33 160 161.05 380 240.18 600 313.71-55 78.32 165 162.91 385 241.91 605 315.31-50 80.31 170 164.77 390 243.64 610 316.92-45 82.29 175 166.63 395 245.37 615 318.52-40 84.27 180 168.48 400 247.09 620 320.12-35 86.25 185 170.33 405 248.81 625 321.71-30 88.22 190 172.17 410 250.53 630 323.30-25 90.19 195 174.02 415 252.25 635 324.89-20 92.16 200 175.86 420 253.96 640 326.48-15 94.12 205 177.69 425 255.97 645 328.06-10 96.09 210 179.53 430 257.38 650 329.64-5 98.04 215 181.36 435 259.08 655 331.220 100.00 220 183.19 440 260.78 660 332.795 101.95 225 185.01 445 262.4810 103.90 230 186.84 450 264.1815 105.85 235 188.66 455 265.87
8. a FeW CONSTRUCTIONS OFTempeRaTURe SeNSORS
67
MULTI POINT
TempeRaTURe SeNSORS8. a FeW CONSTRUCTIONS OF
68
Type ‘A’Type‘A’Mi-cable(MgO)thermocouplesarefreehangingforuseinnonpressurizedapplications.
Type ‘B’Type ’B’ Mi-cable (MgO) thermocouples can be retracted fortransportandmountingpurposes.Individuallyreplaceablewithoutdisassemblingthecompleteunit.
Type ‘C’Type‘C’Mi-cable(MgO)thermocouplesarespringloadedtocon-nectwiththeinnerwallofthethermowell.Thisconstructionallowsreplacementofthethermocoupleduringoperation.
Type ‘D’EachType‘D’Mi-cable(MgO)orbeadedtypethermo-coupleisenclosed inaguide tubewhich terminatesataspecialblock,weldedtothethermowellatthepointtobemeasured.Eachthermocouplecanbereplacedduringoperation.
MULTI POINT
TempeRaTURe SeNSORS8. a FeW CONSTRUCTIONS OF
69
TUBE SKIN
TempeRaTURe SeNSORS8. a FeW CONSTRUCTIONS OF
70
INDUSTRIAL TEMPERATURE SENSOR
TempeRaTURe SeNSORS8. a FeW CONSTRUCTIONS OF
71
5 6 8
1 2 3 4
97
10
* * * *
SEE DETAIL
DETAIL
T/C 1T/C 2T/C 3T/C 4T/C 5
±2
±3
±3
±3
±3
±3
±2
+0,4-0
BS-509353
+0,
2-0
,3
±5
A
1
264
343
564
785
864
±1
A
130
Ø10
880
Ø12
30
5
5 X 50 = 250
R=10
7654321 8
GROUNDED
WELDED
3/8"-24UNF-LH-2A
HEX19
- TAG No.- X-RAY No.
R=0,8NICRO BRAZED
- CUSTOMER ORDER N?.
GROUND WIRE
WHITE (+)WHITE (+)RED (-)RED (-)
TO ENGRAVE :
- T.E. SERIAL No.
+0-2
+0,5-0,0
L2
60
7
160
Ø9,
53
ÿ3,0
L1
70
Ø2459º
19,1
Ra0.4
Ø5,
56
25
Ø8,
2
HIGH PRESSURE
SEMI-CONDUCTOR
MINIATURE MINERAL INSULATED CABLE
9. F.a.Q.’S
72
1. Q. How many metres of T/C wire can I run?A. For a specific instrument, check its specifications to see if there are any limits to the input impedance. However as a rule of thumb, limit the resistance to 100 Ohms maximum, depending on the con-
ductor diameter of the wire: the larger the diameter, the less resistance/metre, the longer the run can be. If the environment is electrically noisy, then a transmitter may be required which transmit a
4-20 mA signal that can be run a longer distance and is more resistant to noise.
2. Q. Should I use a grounded or ungrounded probe?A. It depends on the instrumentation. If there is any chance that there may be a reference to ground
(common in controllers with non-isolated inputs), then an ungrounded probe is required. If the instru-ment is a handheld indicator, then a grounded probe can almost always be used.
3. Q. Can I split my one thermocouple signal to two separate instruments?A. No. The T/C signal is a very low-level millivolt signal, and should only be connected to one device. Splitting into two devices may result in bad readings or loss of signal. The solution is to use a dual T/C or convert one T/C (output a 4-20mA signal) by using a transmitter or signal conditioner
which can send the new signal to more than one instrument.
4. Q. What are the accuracies and the temperature ranges of the various thermocouples?A.TheyaresummarizedinthetablesoftheInternationalStandards(page18).It is important to know
that both accuracy and ranges depend on a.o.: the thermocouple alloys, the temperature being measured, the construction of the sensor, the material of the sheath, the media being measured, the state of the media (liquid, solid or gas) and the diameter of either the thermocouple wire (if it is exposed) or the sheath diameter (if the thermocouple wire is not exposed but sheathed).
5. Q. How can I choose between thermocouples, resistance temperature detectors (RTD’s) and thermistors?
A. You have to consider the characteristics and costs of the various sensors as well as the available instrumentation. Thermocouples generally can measure temperatures over wide temperature ran-ges, are inexpensively and very rugged. They are not accurate or stable as RTD’s and thermistors. RTD’s are stable and have a fairly wide temperature range but are not as rugged and inexpensively as thermocouples. Since they require the use of an electric current to make measurements, RTD’s are subject to inaccuracies from self-heating. Thermistors tend to be more accurate than RTD’s or thermocouples, but they have a much more limited temperature range.
F.A.Q.’S
9. F.a.Q.’S
73
6. Q. What is the drift of a thermocouple type K?A. T/C type K can be drifted in several temperature ranges: from 450 °C to 550 °C or in a measuring
area of 800°C. When you work in a process like ethylene furnaces and your process temperature is fluctuated between 850 °C and 200 °C and back to 850 °C with an interval of approx. 6 to 8 weeks, your chosen construction is an industrial thermocouple with a metal sheath into a protection tube of SS or ceramic. The drift of a thermocouple in this application can be approx. 30 °C within one year.
7. Q. What is the response time for thermocouples?A. Depending on the diameter of the thermocouple itself and the measuring junction (grounded or
ungrounded). When you use mineral insulated thermocouples, the ASTM STP 470 A specifies the following: ‘Values listed are the average of several mineral insulated elements, checked in each category. They show the time required to indicate 63.2% of a temperature change. The tests were performed during a step change from room temperature to boiling water.’
F.A.Q.’S
Diameter HotJunction Timeinsec.1,0mm ungrounded 0,31,0mm grounded 0,13,0mm ungrounded 1,33,0mm grounded 0,74,8mm ungrounded 2,24,8mm grounded 1,16,0mm ungrounded 4,56,0mm grounded 2,0
10. pIpe & TUBe eND SIze CHaRTpIpe SCHeDUleS
75
PIPE AND TUBE END SIZE CHART 10
75
PIPE AND TUBE END SIZE CHART 10
74
PIPE THREAD SIZE NPT TUBING O.D. SIZE
1/16”
1/8”
1/4”
3/8”
1/2”
3/4”
1”
NPT
NPT
NPT
NPT
NPT
NPT
NPT
1/16”
1/8”
3/16”
1/4”
5/16”
3/8”
1/2”
5/8”
3/4”
7/8”
1”
Asmeb36,10pipeschedulesWall= walthicknessinmmWt = weightsinkg/p/mtr
NominalPipe size
O.D. Standard Extrastrong
Double extra strong
Schedule Schedule Schedule
STD XS XXS 10 20 30Inches mm Wall Wt Wall Wt Wall WT Wall WT Wall WT Wall WT1/8” 10,3 1,7 0,357 2,4 0,4701/4” 13,7 2,2 0,625 3,0 0,8043/8” 17,1 2,3 0,848 3,2 1,101/2” 21,3 2,8 1,26 3,7 1,62 7,5 2,543/4” 26,7 2,9 1,68 3,9 2,19 7,8 3,631” 33,4 3,4 2,50 4,5 3,23 9,1 5,451.1/4” 42,2 3,6 3,38 4,9 4,46 9,7 7,751.1/2” 48,3 3,7 4,05 5,1 5,40 10,2 9,542” 60,3 3,9 5,43 5,5 7,47 11,1 13,42.1/2” 73 5,2 8,62 7,0 11,4 14 20,43” 88,9 5,5 11,3 7,6 15,3 15,2 27,73.1/2” 101,6 5,7 13,6 8,1 18,6 16,2 344” 114,3 6 16,1 8,6 22,3 17,1 41,15” 141,3 6,6 21,8 9,5 30,9 19 57,46” 168,3 7,1 28,2 11,0 42,5 21,9 79,18” 219,1 8,2 42,5 12,7 64,6 22,2 108 6,4 33,3 7 36,710” 273 9,3 60,2 12,7 81,5 25,4 155 6,4 41,7 7,8 50,912” 323,9 9,5 73,8 12,7 97,4 25,4 187 6,4 49,7 8,4 65,114” 355,6 9,5 81,2 12,7 107 6,4 54,6 7,9 68,1 9,5 81,216” 406,4 9,5 93,1 12,7 123 6,4 62,6 7,9 77,9 9,5 93,118” 457,2 9,5 105 12,7 139 6,4 70,5 7,9 87,8 11,1 12220” 508 9,5 117 12,7 155 6,4 78,5 9,5 117 12,7 15522” 558,8 9,5 129 12,7 171 6,4 86,4 9,5 129 12,7 17124” 609,6 9,5 141 12,7 187 6,4 94,7 9,5 141 14,3 21026” 660,4 9,5 153 12,7 203 7,9 128 12,7 20328” 711,2 9,5 165 12,7 219 7,9 138 12,7 219 15,9 27230” 762 9,5 176 12,7 234 7,9 147 12,7 234 15,9 29232” 812,8 9,5 188 12,7 250 7,9 157 12,7 250 15,9 31234” 863,6 9,5 200 12,7 266 7,9 167 12,7 266 15,9 33236” 914,4 9,5 212 12,7 282 7,9 177 12,7 282 15,9 351
10. pIpe & TUBe eND SIze CHaRTpIpe SCHeDUleS
75
10. pIpe & TUBe eND SIze CHaRTpIpe SCHeDUleS
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NominalPipe size
O.D. Schedule Schedule Schedule Schedule Schedule Schedule
40 60 80 100 120 140 160Inches mm Wall Wt Wall Wt Wall Wt Wall Wt Wall Wt Wall Wt Wall Wt1/8” 10,3 1,7 0,357 2,4 0,4701/4” 13,7 2,2 0,625 3,0 0,8043/8” 17,1 2,3 0,848 3,2 1,101/2” 21,3 2,8 1,26 3,7 1,62 4,8 1,93/4” 26,7 2,9 1,68 3,9 2,19 5,6 2,891” 33,4 3,4 2,50 4,5 3,23 6,4 4,231.1/4” 42,2 3,6 3,38 4,9 4,46 6,4 5,61.1/2” 48,3 3,7 4,05 5,1 5,40 7,1 7,232” 60,3 3,9 5,43 5,5 7,47 8,7 11,12.1/2” 73 5,2 8,62 7,0 11,4 9,5 14,93” 88,9 5,5 11,3 7,6 15,3 11,1 21,33.1/2” 101,6 5,7 13,6 8,1 18,64” 114,3 6 16,1 8,6 22,3 11,1 28,3 13,5 33,55” 141,3 6,6 21,8 9,5 30,9 12,7 40,2 15,9 49,06” 168,3 7,1 28,2 11,0 42,5 14,3 54,2 18,3 67,58” 219,1 8,2 42,5 10,3 53,1 12,7 64,6 15,1 75,8 18,3 90,7 20,6 101 23,0 11210” 273 9,3 60,2 12,7 81,5 15,1 95,8 18,3 115 21,4 133 25,4 156 28,6 17212” 323,9 10,3 79,7 14,3 109 17,4 132 21,4 160 25,4 187 28,6 208 33,3 23914” 355,6 11,1 94,3 15,1 126 19,0 158 23,8 195 27,8 224 31,8 253 35,7 28116” 406,4 12,7 123 16,7 160 21,4 203 26,2 245 30,9 286 36,5 333 40,5 36518” 457,2 14,3 156 19 206 23,8 254 29,4 310 34,9 363 39,7 408 45,2 45920” 508 15,1 183 20,6 248 26,2 311 32,5 381 38,1 441 44,4 508 50,0 56422” 558,8 22,2 294 28,6 373 34,9 451 41,3 526 47,6 600 54,0 67124” 609,6 17,4 255 24,6 355 30,9 441 38,9 547 46,0 639 52,4 719 59,5 80726” 660,428” 711,230” 76232” 812,834” 863,636” 914,4
Asmeb36,10pipeschedulesWall= walthicknessinmmWt = weightsinkg/p/mtr
11. meTallIC & NON meTallIC THeRmOWell maTeRIalS
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Awidevarietyofsteelsandnickel-basedalloysareusedtomakethermowells.Therearenoothermaterialswhichwillstanduptoallofthemanyserviceconditionswhichcanbefoundacrosstheindustry.Itisimportantthatthepropermetalisusedinthefabricationofathermowell.Obviouslyanimproperchoicewillleadtoprematurefailure,whileover-specifyingleadstohighercoststhannecessarytodoagivenjob.
Theprimarymetalsusedinthefabricationofthermowellsare:carbonsteel,chromemolybdenumsteels,stainless steels (304, 310, 316, 321, 347, 304L, 316L, 446), nickel-based alloys (Inconels, Incoloys,Hastelloys).
Themain responsibilityof thermowells is toprotect the temperaturesensor fromcorrosionoroxidationconditionsfoundintheprocess,aswellasmechanicalstresses.Eachofthepreviouslymentionedmateri-alsprovidesdifferentdegreesofprotectionundervariousserviceconditions.The followingpages lists the typeofmaterialswithsome recommendations for theiruse.Asageneralguide,ahighchromiumcontentisdesirableforhightemperatureresistancetooxidationandsulfurattack.Thepresenceofaluminum(1-2%)isalsousefulasaveryresistantsurface:‘ilmofmixedchromiumoxide/aluminumoxideisformed.
INTRODUCTION
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS
THeRmOWell maTeRIalS
Austenitic : Referstothecrystalstructureofthe300seriesstainlesssteel.
Carbide precipitation : Theprocesswherechromiumcarbidesformandprecipitateoutinthesteel.Carbon atoms combine with chromium atoms lead to local depletion ofchromium, thereby reducing theavailable chromium to formaprotectivechromiumoxidefilm.Thisallowslocalizedintergranularattackfromsaltsandacids.Carbideprecipitationoccurswhena300seriesstainlesssteelisheldinthe800ºFrange.
Carbide stabilized : Inordertoreducethechanceofcarbonprecipitation,certain300seriesstainlesssteelarestabilizedwithsmallamountsoftitanium,tantalumofcolumbiumwhichpreferentiallycombinewiththecarbonleavingthechro-miumalone.Thisresultisalsoaccomplishedbythe‘lowcarbon’stainlesssteels,whichhavelesscarbontocombinewiththechromium.
Carburizing atmospheres : Contain carbonaceous vapours (e.g. hydrocarbons). The present carboncanreactwiththealloysathightemperaturestoproducemetalcarbides.Thiscanresultinembrittlement.Generally,highnickelcontentinanalloyishelpfulinresistingcarburizingalthoughitwillnotcompletelypreventit.
Creep : Athightemperaturesthemechanicalstrengthofmetalsfallsoff.Overtimeandathightemperaturesmetalswillslowlystretchunderanappliedloadandwillfailatstressmuchsmallerthanwouldnormallybeexpected.
Ferritic : Referstothecrystalstructureofthe400seriesstainlesssteel.
Inert atmospheres : Consistofinertgassuchasargon.Thereisnoproblemwithalloysinsuchan atmosphere. A variation of an inert atmosphere is no atmosphere atall–i.e.avacuum.Thisisusedincreasinglyforheat-treatmentpurposes.
Oxidizing atmospheres : Containoxygenandwillreactwithmetalsatelevatedtemperaturestopro-duceoxidesonthesurface.Thegoodhightemperatureperformanceoftheheat-resistingalloysdependsontheformationofastableprotectiveoxidefilmonthesurface.Theelementschromiumandaluminium,whenpresentinanalloy,formexcellentprotectivefilmsofchromiumoxideandaluminiumoxide.
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THeRmOWell maTeRIalS
Passivating : Involves immersing 300 series stainless steel in 10% nitric acid for10-30minutes.Theacidremovesanyparticlesof ironwhichmayhavebecomeembeddedinthesurfaceduringprocessingbutdoesn’tattackthestainlesssteel.Actually,beingastrongoxidizingacid,thechromiumoxidefilmis improvedthereby increasingthesteelsability towithstandcorrosion.
Reducing atmospheres : Containhydrogenofcarboncompoundsandwillnotformprotectiveoxi-desonanalloy.Ifhydrogenispresent,thismaydiffuseintothermowellsandthermocouples.Itproduces‘greenrot’attack,socalledfromthedarkgreensurfacecolourproduced,althoughthismaynotbeveryobvious.Inthecaseofchromel-alumelthermocouplesthe‘greenrotattackcau-sesthechromedwiretobecomemagnetic,whichresultsinanerroneousloweroutput.Thiseffectiseasytoconfirmwithamagnet;ifbothwiresaremagnetic‘greenrot’hasoccurred.(Actuallythisisnotstrictlya‘redu-cing’phenomenon.Itoccursonlywhenaverysmallamountofoxygenispresentinanessentiallyreducingatmosphere.Undertheseconditions,preferentialoxidationofthechromiuminthealloywilloccur.)
Stress-corrosion cracking : Whenametalissubjectedtobothstressandcorrosionatthesametime,there is thepossibility itmaycrack.Oftenstress-corrosioncrackingoc-cursinthepresenceofchlorides.
Stress relief : Aheattreatingprocess,usedtoreduceinternalstressesinaparttoavoidstresscorrosioncrackingfromoccurring.
Sulphidizing atmospheres : Containsulphurcompounds,whichoftenarisewhencoalor fueloil isburned.Thesulphurmaybepresentassulphurdioxide,whichisthecaseunder oxidizing conditions, or as hydrogen sulphide (H2S) under redu-cingconditions.Thelatterisworseastheatmospheredoesnothelptheformationofprotectiveoxidefilms.Alloyscontainingnickel(asalmostallthecommonlyusedhightemperaturealloysdo)aresubjecttoattackbysulphurbecausesulphurformsa lowmeltingpointcompoundwiththenickelinthealloy.Alloyshighinchromium(overabout18%)containingaluminiumformanoxidefilmwhichoffers resistance tosulphurunderoxidizingconditions.Toresistsulphurunderreducingconditions,thebestprotectionisanaluminizedfilm.
Weld decay : Localizedcorrosiononeachsideofaweldcausedbycarbideprecipita-tion.
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STAINLESS STEELS
SPECIAL STAINLESS STEELS
Carpenter 20-Cb3 : Astainlesssteelhaving20%chromium,34%nickel,2,5%copperandcolumbiumandtantalumequalto8timesthecarboncontentforcarbidestabilization.Thisalloyhasexcellentresistancetocorrosiveconditions,especiallytosulfuricacid.
THeRmOWell maTeRIalS
Thisgroupofmetalsformsaninvisiblechromiumoxidewhichservestoresistoxidationandcorrosiveattackbychemicalsandacids.Tobeeffective,theyneedtohaveaminimumof14%chromium.The300seriesstainlesssteelareknownas’austenitic’whilethe400seriesareknownas‘ferritic’.Austeniticstainlesssteelsdonotbecomebrittleatlowtemperatureasferriticsteelsdo.
SS 304 : Alsoknownas‘18-8’(nominally18%chromium,8%nickel)isthemostcommonlyspeci-fiedausteniticstainlesssteel.SS304likeother300seriesstainlesssteelissubjectto‘carbideprecipitation’intheareaof700-1,650ºF.Thismeansthatchromiumformscar-bideswhenSS304isheldin/ofiscooledslowlythroughtheabovetemperaturerange.Theneteffectisalocalizeddepletionofchromiumaroundthecarbides,whichcanleadto inter-granular corrosion fromacidsofothercorrosives. This condition isespeciallyapparentwherepartsarewelded (leading to ‘welddecay’).SS304hasamaximumtemperatureratingforcontinuousserviceof1,650ºFinair.Caremustbetakenasthestrength fallsoff considerablyatelevated temperatures.SS304 iswidelyusedasathermowellmaterial for lowertemperatureapplicationsacross industrysince it isnotaffectedbymostorganicandinorganicchemicals.
SS 310 : Hashigherchromiumandnickel(nominally25%chromiumand20%nickel)improvedhightemperaturecharacteristics.TheSS310issubjecttocarbideprecipitationinthe800°Fto1,600°Frange.Maximumcontinuousservicetemperatureinairis2,100°F.TheSS310isusedwheregoodhightemperaturestrengthisneededorincarburizing/reducingatmospheres.
SS 316 : Another very popular all purpose austenitic stainless steel. SS 316 has nominally18%chromiumand12%nickel,butismodifiedwith2-3%molybdenumwhichimprovesitsresistancetochlorides.SS316issubjecttocarbideprecipitationinthe800-1,600°Frange.Maximumcontinuousservicetemperatureinairis1,650°F.Becauseofitsincreasedcorrosiveresistance,SS316isusedwhereimprovedcorrosionresistanceisrequired,especiallyinchlorides.
304L and 316L : LowcarbonversionsofSS304andSS316.Thesealloyssolvetheproblemofcarbideprecipitationssincetheyhaveaverylowcarboncontent(0.03%maximuminsteadof0.08%maximum).
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A. Incoloys, Inconels, MonelAveryimportantgroupofalloysisthenickel-basedInconelsandIncoloys.Thesealloyshaveanexcellentresistancetoacorrosiveattackbymanyaggressivechemicals.Theyalsohaveanexcellentresistancetooxidationathightemperaturesandgoodhightemperaturestrength.Theytypicallycontain15-23%chro-mium toprovideaprotectiveoxidefilm.The Inconelscontain40-73%nickel,while the Incoloyscontain32-42%and30-36%iron.Somegradescontainasmallamountoftitaniumortantalumforimprovedhightemperaturestrengthandaluminiumtoimprovetheprotectivecharacteristicsoftheoxidefilmatelevatedtemperatures(amixedchromiumoxide/aluminiumfilm).
Inconel 600 : Highnickel76%,highchromium15.5%, for resistance tooxidizingand reducingat-mospheres.I600isusedforseveralcorrosiveenvironmentsathightemperature.
Inconel 601 : Highnickel60.5%,highchromium23.0%,plus1.5%aluminium.Goodhigh tempe-ratureproperties. I601providesanoutstanding resistance tooxidationandagoodresistancetocarburizingandsulphurcontainingatmospheres.
Incoloy 800 : 32.5%nickel,46.0%iron,21%chromium.Resistancetooxidationandcarburizationathightemperatures.Resistssulphurattackandcorrosioninmanyenvironments.
Incoloy 800H : 32.5%nickel,46.0%iron,21%chromium.Resistancetooxidationandcarburizationathightemperatures.Resistssulphurattackandcorrosioninmanyenvironments.
Incoloy 800H : Aspecialversionoftheabovealloywithasmallcontrolledamountofcarbonforimpro-vedhightemperaturestrength.
Monel 400 : 66%highnickel,31%highcopper.Monelprovidesagoodresistancetocorrosioninsaltwater.Notsubjecttochloridestresscracking.Monelisusedforheatexchangersandforsulphuricacidapplications.
NICKEL BASED ALLOYS
THeRmOWell maTeRIalS
B. HastelloysThesenickel-basedalloysareusedfortheirexcellentcorrosionresistanceundermanysevereconditionsduetotheirhighmolybdenumcontent.
Hastelloy B : 61%nickel,28%molybdenum.Excellentcorrosionresistancetohydrochloricacidandtosulphuric,phosphoricandaceticacidsandhydrogenchloridegas.
Hastelloy C : 54%nickel, 16%molybdenum,15.5% chromium,4% tungsten. Excellent corrosionresistancetomanychemicalenvironments,includingferricacidandcupricchlorides,contaminatedmineralacids,andwetchlorinegas.Oxidationresistantto1,900°F.
Hastelloy X : 47%nickel,9%molybdenum,22%chromium,0.5%tungsten.Goodhightemperaturestrengthandresistancetooxidationto2,200°F.Alsogoodforreducingconditions.
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PROTECTION TUBE MATERIALS
IntroductionTherearemanyapplicationsacrosstheindustrywherethetemperaturetobemeasured,istoohighforthestandardstainlesssteelandnickel-basedalloy thermowellmaterials.Allof themorecommonstainlesssteelsandnickel-basedalloysmeltat/orbefore2,550°F/1,400°Candbecomeweakorsoftat/orbeforeapprox.2,200°F/1,200°C.Intheseapplicationsadifferentmaterialmustbeutilized.
Therearetwometalsavailablewhichhaveamuchhighermeltingpointthanthestainlesssteelsornickel-basedalloys:tantalum5,425°F/2,996°Candmolybdenum4,730°F/2,610°C.However,thesemetalshaveinherentproblemsthatlimittheiruseinhightemperatureservice:- theyoxidizerapidly(tantalumabove530°F/276°Candmolybdenumabove930°F/499°C),thereforetheycan’tbeusedforthermowellmaterialsexceptinstrictlynon-oxidizingatmospheres;
- theyareveryexpensivetobeusedasathermowellorprotectiontubematerial.
Thesolutionistouseanon-metallicorceramictypeofprotectiontubematerial.Thereareanumberofthesetypematerialsavailableforhightemperatureservice,eachwithitsownuniquecapabilities:fusedquartz,cermet,siliconcarbide,boronnitride,mulliteandalumina.
Whilethesematerialsexhibitvaryingdegreesofhightemperaturecapabilitiestherearedisavantagestotheiruse.Beingalmostcompletelymadeofceramic,theyareextremelybrittleandcanbebrokenquiteeasilybyamechanicalshock.Also,mostofthesematerialshaveaverypoorresistanceto‘thermalshock’.Ifaflameisappliedsuddenlytooneside,itexpands.Sincetheothersideiscooler,itdoesn’texpandatthesamerate.This leadstostresseswhich, ifsevereenough,willcrack theprotectiontube.The lowerco-efficientofthermalexpansion’thesematerialshave,themoreresistancetheyexhibittothisthermalshockcracking.
Thefollowingisadiscussionofeachoftheabovereferencedmaterialswithsomeexamplesoftheirtypicalusesinindustry.
Fused quartzPuresilica,fusedquartz,hasaverylowco-efficientofthermalexpansion,givingitexcellentresistancetother-malshockcracking.Itisalsoaveychemicallyinertmaterialandresistsattacksbymanycorrosivechemicalsand liquidmetals.Anunfortunate limitationof fusedquartz is, that it isasupercooled ‘glass’.Atabout2,000°F(1,094°C)itwilldevitrifysothatitcan’tbeusedforserviceabovethistemperature.Also,anysurfacecontaminationwillacceleratedevitrificationathightemperatures.(Devitrificationreferstothefactthatfusedquartzwillre-crystallizeandcan’tbeusedabove2,000°F).
Becauseoffusedquartz’excellentthermalshockresistance,itisoftenusedinthemetalcastingindustryasa‘disposable’thermocoupleprotectiontube.Thefusedquartztubeisinsertedintothemeltandthetemperature(usedforcontrolofthepouringtemperature)isread.Duetoitsexcellentthermalshockresis-tance,fusequartzisabletowithstandthesuddenchangefromambienttomelttemperatures.
11. meTallIC & NON meTallICTHeRmOWell maTeRIalS
Cermet Cermetisamixtureof77%chromiumoxideand23%aluminumoxide.MadebytheUnionCarbideCompanyitisadense,abrasionresistantmaterialwithahighthermalconductivityandagoodresistancetowettingbymanyliquidmetals.(Wettingisthedegreeatwhichaliquidmetalwill‘adhere’toaprotectiontube).Itresistssulphurgasesunderoxidizingconditionsuptoatleast2,000°F(1,094°C).Also,non-ferrousalloyssuchascopper,brass,zincandleaddonotwetcermet.Itisnotrecommendedforuseincarburizingornitrogenatmospheres,sincethechromiuminthecermetwillformcarbidesornitrides.
Cermetissomewhatsensitivetothermalshockandhasamaximumservicetemperatureinoxidizingcon-ditionsof2,500°F(1,370°C).
Cermetfindsuseincopperandbrassmeltingpots,andinabrasiveatmospheresofelevatedtemperaturewhereparticlesmightdamageametalthermowelloperatingnearitssofteningpoint.
Silicon carbideSiliconcarbide isanothervery inertmaterialwhichresistsattacksfrommanyaggressiveenvironments,suchassulphurgases.Havinga lowco-efficientof thermalexpansion, ithasanexcellentresistancetothermal shock and a good thermal conductivity. Thematerial ismade by the CarborundumCompany.Twotypesofsiliconcarbideareavailable:- carbofrax‘A’:about90%siliconcarbidewiththebalancebeingmainlysilica;- ‘KT’siliconcarbide:about96%siliconcarbide.
Thermowellsofcarbofraxareconsiderablylessexpensivethan‘KTsiliconcarbide,butarenotgastight.Ho-wever,theygiveexcellentserviceathightemperaturesupto3,000°F(1,649°C).Aninneralumina‘slee-ve’isusedtoprotectaplatinum-rhodiumthermocouplefromcontaminationwhenitisthesensorofchoice.‘KT’siliconcarbideisusedforspecialapplicationswhenhighdensitygastightthermowellsareneeded.Siliconcarbideisoftenusedinthesteelindustry,duetoitsgoodthermalshockresistanceandelevatedtemperaturecapabilities. It isusedasaprotectiontube,which is inserted intoa ladle toreadthemelttemperature.
Boron nitrideBoronnitrideisasyntheticmaterialmadebytheCarborundumCompanywhichcanbeusedinoxidizingatmospheresuptoabout2,000°F(1,094°C)orinreducingofinertatmospheresuptoabout5,000°F(2,760°C).Ithasaverylowco-efficientofthermalexpansionandhenseexcellentresistancetothermalshock.Itisnotwettedbymanyliquidmetals.Abigadvantageisthatit ismachinablewithordinarytoo-lingandhas lubricating characteristics somewhat similar to graphite.Recentapplicationswhereboronnitridehasbeenusedincludeasanintermittentthermowellwitha‘B’calibrationthermocoupletomeasurepouringtemperaturesofcupronickels.
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11. meTallIC & NON meTallICTHeRmOWell maTeRIalS
Alumina and MulliteAlumina(aluminumoxide)andmullite(acompoundofaluminaandsilica)havebeenusedformanyyearsasthermowellsforchromel-alumelandplatinum-rhodiumthermocouples.Theycanbeusedforhightempe-ratures:3,450°F(1,900°C)forhighpurityaluminaand3,100°F(1,700°C)formullite.Oneproblemwiththesematerials:theyaresubjecttothermalshock.Theycancrackifsubjectedtosuddenornon-uniform,localizedheatingorcooling.
Mullitehasaco-efficientofthermalexpansionofabout2/3ofaluminaandaconsequentlysomewhatbet-terresistancetothermalshock.Bothmaterialsaregastight.Alumina,otherthanmullite,shouldbeusedwithplatinum-rhodiumthermocouplesforanyconditionsratherthanoxidizing.Thereason:thesiliconcanbereducedfromthemulliteandwillcontaminateplatinum-rhodiumthermocouples,therebythrowingthemoutofcalibration.
Typicalapplicationsforaluminaandmulliteprotectiontubes includeheattreatmentfurnacesoperatingat high temperatures,where little danger from thermal shock or frommechanical damage is involved.Thistypeofprotectiontubeisalsowidelyusedintheglassindustry.
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Tungsten .........6,000/3,315 °F/°C........................ Rhenim
3,000/1,694 °F/°C
2,000/1,093 °F/°C
500/260 °F/°C
500/260 °F/°C
1,000/538 °F/°C
5,000/2,760 °F/°C......................... Osium
......................... Iridium
.........................Palladium
........................ Rhodium
........................ Platinum
........................ Vanadium
............................. Stainless
............................. Steels
............................. Cast Irons
.............. Aluminium Silver Solders
.............. Cadmium Silver Solders.............................
................ Gold (24 Karat)18 Karat12 Karat Gold Alloys10 Karat
Tantalum .........
Chromium .......Titanium ..........Zirconium ........
Iron ..................Cobalt ..............Nickel ..............
Beryllium .........Manganese .....
Uranium ..........Copper ............
Silver ...............
Brasses ...........
Magnesium .....
Zinc .................Lead ................Bismuth ..........Tin ...................Indium .............
Gallium ............Mercury ........... ˚F/C
Molybdenum ...
Niobium ..........(Columbium)
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Summary table metallic thermowell materials
Designation Nominalcomposition
Max.temp.
Meting range Application notes(con´t.serv., air)
SS 304 18%Chromium81%Nickel
1,652°F900°C
2,550-2,640°F1,399-1,449°C
ThegeneralpurposeausteniticSS.Subjecttocarbideprecipitationinthe480to870°Crange.Corrosionresistantintheannealedconditions.Notaffectedbysteri-lizingsolutions,foodstuffs,mostdyestuffs,organicchemicalsandmanyinorganicchemicals.
SS 310 25%Chromium20%Nickel
2,100°F1,148°C
2,550-2,640°F1,399-1,449°C
Veryhighelevatedtemperaturestrengthandscaleresistance.Superiorto304inmuchhightemperatureapplications.Goodresistancetocarburizingandreducingenvironments.Subjecttocarbideprecipitationinthe480to870°Crange.
SS 316 18%Chromium12%Nickel2-3%Molybdenum
1,650°F899°C
2,550-2,550°F1,399-1,399°C
Highercorrosionresistancethantype304.Highcreepstrength.Withstandssulphurousacidcompoundsresiststendencytopitinphosphoricandaceticacids.Subjecttocarbideprecipitationinthe426to815°Crange.
SS 321SS 347
Similarto304butcarbidestabilized
1,600°F871°C
2,550-2,600°F1,399-1,426°C
Carbidestabilizedgradeintendedtopreventharmfulprecipitationofchromiumcarbidesandtheresul-tingsusceptibilitytointergranularcorrosion.Forcorrosionconditionsandintermittentheatingandcoo-lingapplicationsbetween426to815°Crange.
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Summary table metallic thermowell materials
Designation Nominalcomposition
Max.temp.
Meting range Application notes(con´t.serv., air)
Inconel600 76%15,5%
NickelChromium
2,100°F1,148°C
2,470-2,575°F1,354-1,412°C
Goodinseveralcorrosiveenviron-mentsandatelevatedtempe-ratures.Highhotstrengthandresistancetoprogressiveoxidation.
Incoloy800 32,5%46%21%
NickelIronChromium
2,000°F1,093°C
2,475-2,525°F1,357-1,385°C
Goodelevatedtemperatureresis-tancetooxidationandcarburiza-tion.Goodsulphurandcorrosionresistance.
HastelloyB 61%28%
NickelMolybdenum
2,200°F1,204°C
2,300-2,470°F1,260-1,354°C
Excellentcorrosionresistancetohydrochloric,sulphuricphospho-ric,andaceticacids.Excellentcorrosion.Resistancetohydrogenchloridegas.
HastelloyC 54%16%15,5%
4%
NickelMolybdenumChromiumTungsten
2,200°F1,204°C
2,300-2,470°F1,260-1,354°C
Excellentcorrosionresistancetomanychemicalenvironments,in-cludingferricandcupricchlorides,contaminatedmineralacids,wetchlorinegas.Oxidationresistanceto982°C.
HastelloyX 47%9%
22%0,5%
NickelMolybdenumChromiumTungsten
2,200°F1,204°C
2,300-2,470°F1,260-1,354°C
Goodhightemperaturestrengthandresistancetooxidationsto1,200°C.Alsogoodforreducingconditions.
According to DIN EN 1092-1 type PN10 (DIN 2576)
OD flange dimensions in mm bolts weight grades
NW d1mm
d5mm
Dmm
bmm
kmm
emm
st draad d2mm
kg/st 4301/4307 4401/4404
nr thread kg/pc (304/304L) (316/316L)
10 17,2 17,7 90 14 60 5 4 M12 14 0,605 x x
15 20 21 95 14 65 5 4 M12 14 0,675 x x
15 21,3 22 95 14 65 5 4 M12 14 0,669 x x
20 25 26 105 16 75 5 4 M12 14 0,75 x x
20 26,9 27,6 105 16 75 5 4 M12 14 0,94 x x
25 30 31 115 16 85 5 4 M12 14 1,14 x x
25 33,7 34,4 115 16 85 5 4 M12 14 1,11 x x
32 38 39 140 16 100 5 4 M16 18 1,66 x x
32 42,4 43,1 140 16 100 5 4 M16 18 1,62 x x
40 44,5 45,5 150 16 110 5 4 M16 18 1,89 x x
40 48,3 49 150 16 110 5 4 M16 18 1,86 x x
50 50,8 51,9 165 18 125 6 4 M16 18 2,6 x x
50 54 55,1 165 18 125 6 4 M16 18 2,57 x x
50 57 58,1 165 18 125 6 4 M16 18 2,51 x x
50 60,3 61,1 165 18 125 6 4 M16 18 2,47 x x
65 70 71,1 185 18 145 6 4 M16 18 3,15 x x
65 76,1 77,1 185 18 145 6 4 M16 18 3 x x
13. STaNDaRD FlaNge SIzeS
88
SLIP-ON FLANGES
13. STaNDaRD FlaNge SIzeS
According to DIN EN 1092-1 type PN10 (DIN 2576)
OD flange dimensions in mm bolts weight grades
NW d1mm
d5mm
Dmm
bmm
kmm
emm
st draad d2mm
kg/st 4301/4307 4401/4404
nr thread kg/pc (304/304L) (316/316L)
80 84 85,5 200 20 160 7 8 M16 18 3,95 x x
80 88,9 90,3 200 20 160 7 8 M16 18 3,79 x x
100 101,6 103,2 220 20 180 7 8 M16 18 4,58 x x
100 104 105,6 220 20 180 7 8 M16 18 4,38 x x
100 106 107,6 220 20 180 7 8 M16 18 4,3 x x
100 108 109,6 220 20 180 7 8 M16 18 4,2 x x
100 114,3 115,9 220 20 180 7 8 M16 18 4,03 x x
125 129 130,8 250 22 210 7 8 M16 18 5,92 x x
125 133 134,8 250 22 210 7 8 M16 18 5,71 x x
125 139,7 141,6 250 22 210 7 8 M16 18 5,46 x x
150 154 156,1 285 22 240 7 8 M20 22 6,88 x x
150 156 158,1 285 22 240 7 8 M20 22 6,8 x x
150 159 161,1 285 22 240 7 8 M20 22 6,72 x x
150 168,3 170,5 285 22 240 7 8 M20 22 6,57 x x
200 204 206,8 340 24 295 7 8 M20 22 10,41 x x
200 206 208,7 340 24 295 7 8 M20 22 9,91 x x
200 219,1 221,8 340 24 295 7 8 M20 22 9,31 x x
200 219,1 221,8 340 24 295 7 12 M20 22 9,31 x x
250 254 257,2 395 26 350 7 12 M20 22 12,98 x x
OD flange dimensions in mm bolts weight grades
NW d1mm
d5mm
Dmm
bmm
kmm
emm
st draad d2mm
kg/st 4301/4307 4401/4404
nr thread kg/pc (304/304L) (316/316L)
250 256 259,2 395 26 350 7 12 M20 22 12,9 x x
250 273 276,2 395 26 350 7 12 M20 22 11,9 x x
300 304 307,7 445 26 400 7 12 M20 22 15,8 x x
300 306 309,7 445 26 400 7 12 M20 22 15,3 x x
300 323,9 327,6 445 26 400 7 12 M20 22 13,8 x x
350 355,6 359,7 505 28 460 7 16 M20 22 20,6 x x
400 406,4 411 565 32 515 7 16 M24 26 27,9 x x
450 457,2 462,3 615 38 565 7 20 M24 26 35,6 x x
500 508 513,6 670 38 620 7 20 M24 26 41,1 x x
600 609,6 615,7 780 44 725 7 20 M27 30 56,3 x x
700 711 716,5 895 50 840 7 24 M27 30 80,4 o o
800 813 820 1015 56 950 7 24 M27 30 113,2 o o
900 914 921,5 1115 62 1050 7 28 M33 36 138,3 o o
89
According to ASTM-A 182 SO/RF 150 LBS
OD flange dimensions in mm bolts weight grades
NW Dmm
bmm
kmm
hmm
mmm
Jmm
gmm
stnr
lmm
kg/stkg/pc
304/L
316/L
1/2” 88,9 11,1 60,3 15,9 30,2 22,3 34,9 4 15,9 0,5 x x
3/4” 98,4 12,7 69,8 15,9 38,1 27,7 42,9 4 15,9 0,9 x x
1” 107,9 14,3 79,4 17,5 49,2 34,5 50,8 4 15,9 0,9 x x
1.1/4” 117,5 15,9 88,9 20,6 58,7 43,2 63,5 4 15,9 1,4 x x
1.1/2” 127 17,5 98,4 22,2 65,1 49,5 73 4 15,9 1,4 x x
2” 152,4 19,1 120,6 25,4 77,8 62 92,1 4 19 2,3 x x
2.1/2” 177,8 22,2 139,7 28,6 90,5 74,7 104,8 4 19 3,2 x x
3” 190,5 23,8 152,4 30,2 107,9 90,7 127 4 19 3,6 x x
4” 228,6 23,8 190,5 33,3 134,9 116,1 157,2 8 19 5,9 x x
5” 254 23,8 215,9 36,5 163,5 143,8 185,7 8 22,2 6,8 x x
6” 279,4 25,4 241,3 39,7 192,1 170,7 215,9 8 22,2 8,6 x x
8” 342,9 28,6 298,4 44,4 246,1 221,5 269,9 8 22,2 13,6 x x
10” 406,4 30,2 361,9 49,2 304,8 276,4 323,8 12 25,4 19,5 x x
12” 482,6 31,8 431,8 55,6 365,1 327,2 381 12 25,4 29 x x
14” 533,4 34,9 476,2 57,1 400 259,2 412,7 12 28,6 41 x x
16” 596,9 36,5 539,7 63,5 457,2 410,5 469,9 16 28,6 44,5 x x
18” 635 39,7 577,8 68,3 504,8 461,8 533,4 16 31,7 59 x x
20” 698,5 42,9 635 73 558,8 513,1 584,2 20 31,7 75 x x
24” 812,8 47,6 749,3 82,5 663,6 616 692,1 20 34,9 99,8 x x
13. STaNDaRD FlaNge SIzeS
90
13. STaNDaRD FlaNge SIzeS
According to ASTM-A 182 SO/RF 300 LBS
OD flange dimensions in mm bolts weight grades
NW Dmm
bmm
kmm
hmm
mmm
Jmm
gmm
stnr
lmm
kg/stkg/pc
304/L
316/L
1/2” 95,2 14,3 66,7 22,2 38,1 22,3 34,9 4 15,9 0,9 x x
3/4” 117,5 15,9 82,5 25,4 47,6 27,7 42,9 4 19 1,4 x x
1” 123,8 17,5 88,9 27 54 34,5 50,8 4 19 1,4 x x
1.1/4” 133,3 19 98,4 27 63,5 43,2 63,5 4 19 1,8 x x
1.1/2” 155,6 20,6 114,3 30,2 69,8 49,5 73 4 22,2 2,7 x x
2” 165,1 22,2 127 33,3 84,1 62 92,1 8 19 3,2 x x
2.1/2” 190,5 25,4 149,2 38,1 100 74,7 104,8 8 22,2 4,5 x x
3” 209,5 28,6 168,3 42,9 117,5 90,7 127 8 22,2 5,9 x x
4” 254 31,8 200 47,6 146 116,1 157,2 8 22,2 10 x x
5” 279,4 34,9 234,9 50,8 177,8 143,8 185,7 8 22,2 12,7 e e
6” 317,5 36,5 269,9 52,4 206,4 170,7 215,9 12 22,2 17,7 x x
8” 381 41,3 330,2 61,9 260,3 221,5 269,9 12 25,4 26,3 x x
10” 444,5 47,6 387,3 66,7 320,7 276,4 323,8 16 28,6 36,7 e e
12” 520,7 50,8 450,8 73 374,6 327,2 381 16 31,7 52,2 e e
14” 584,2 54 514,3 76,2 425,4 359,2 412,7 20 31,7 74,8 e e
16” 647,7 57,2 571,5 82,5 482,6 410,5 469,9 20 34,9 86,2 e e
18” 711,2 60,3 628,5 88,9 533,4 461,8 533,4 24 34,9 113 e e
20” 774,7 63,5 685,8 95,2 587,4 513,1 584,2 24 34,9 143 e e
24” 914,4 69,8 812,8 106,4 701,7 616 692,1 24 41,3 215 e e
91
According to DIN EN 1092-1 type 05 PN64 (DIN 2527)
OD flange dimensions in mm bolts weight grades
NW Dmm
bmm
kmm
maxd9
st draad d2mm
kg/st 4301/4307 4401/4404
nr thread kg/pc (304/304L) (316/316L)
50 180 26 135 - 4 M20 22 4,5 o o
65 205 26 160 45 8 M20 22 5,7 o o
80 215 28 170 60 8 M20 22 6,9 o o
100 250 30 200 80 8 M24 26 10,1 o o
125 295 34 240 105 8 M27 30 16 o o
150 345 36 280 130 8 M30 33 23,5 o o
(175) 375 40 310 155 12 M30 33 30,8 o o
200 415 42 345 180 12 M33 36 39,7 o o
250 470 46 400 220 12 M33 36 57,4 o o
300 530 52 460 270 16 M33 36 81 o o
350 600 56 525 310 16 M36 39 114 o o
400 670 60 585 360 16 M39 42 153 o o
BLIND FLANGES
13. STaNDaRD FlaNge SIzeS
92
13. STaNDaRD FlaNge SIzeS
According to DIN 2527/E ND 100
OD flange dimensions in mm bolts weight grades
NW Dmm
bmm
kmm
maxd9
st draad d2mm
kg/st 4301/4307 4401/4404
nr thread kg/pc (304/304L) (316/316L)
10 100 20 70 - 4 M12 14 1 o o
15 105 20 75 - 4 M12 14 1,2 o o
25 140 24 100 - 4 M16 18 2,7 o o
32 155 24 110 - 4 M20 22 3,2 o o
40 170 26 125 - 4 M20 22 4,1 o o
50 195 28 145 - 4 M24 26 5,8 o o
65 220 30 170 45 8 M24 26 8 o o
80 230 32 180 60 8 M24 26 9,4 o o
100 265 36 210 80 8 M27 30 14,3 o o
125 315 40 250 105 8 M30 33 22,6 o o
150 355 44 290 130 12 M30 33 31,8 o o
(175) 385 48 320 155 12 M30 33 41,3 o o
200 430 52 360 180 12 M33 36 56,1 o o
250 505 60 430 210 12 M36 39 89,6 o o
300 585 68 500 260 16 M39 42 11 o o
350 655 74 560 300 16 M45 48 175 o o
93
According to ASTM-A 182 BL/RF 150 LBS
OD flange dimensions in mm bolts weight grades
NW
Dmm
bmm
kmm
gmm
stnr
lmm
kg/stkg/pc
304/L
316/L
1/2” 88,9 11,1 60,3 34,9 4 15,9 0,5 x x
3/4” 98,4 12,7 69,8 42,9 4 15,9 0,9 x x
1” 108 14,3 79,4 50,8 4 15,9 0,9 x x
1.1/4” 117,5 15,9 88,9 63,5 4 15,9 1,4 x x
1.1/2” 127 17,5 98,4 73 4 15,9 1,8 x x
2” 152,4 19,1 120,6 92,1 4 19 2,3 x x
2.1/2” 177,8 22,2 139,7 104,8 4 19 3,2 x x
3” 190,5 23,8 152,4 127 4 19 4,1 x x
4” 228,6 23,8 190,5 157,2 8 19 7,7 x x
5” 254 23,8 215,9 185,7 8 22,2 9,1 x x
6” 279,4 25,4 241,3 215,9 8 22,2 11,8 x x
8” 342,9 28,6 298,4 269,9 8 22,2 21 x x
10” 406,4 30,2 361,9 323,8 12 25,4 31,8 x x
12” 482,6 31,8 431,8 381 12 25,4 49,9 x x
14” 533,4 34,9 476,2 412,7 12 28,6 63,5 x x
16” 596,9 36,5 539,7 469,9 16 28,6 81,6 x x
18” 635 39,7 577,8 533,4 16 31,7 99,8 x x
20” 698,5 42,9 635 584,2 20 31,7 129 x x
24” 812,8 47,6 749,3 692,1 20 34,9 195 x x
13. STaNDaRD FlaNge SIzeS
94
13. STaNDaRD FlaNge SIzeS
According to ASTM-A 182 BL/RF 300 LBS
OD flange dimensions in mm bolts weight grades
NW
Dmm
bmm
kmm
gmm
stnr
lmm
kg/stkg/pc
304/L
316/L
1/2” 95,2 14,3 66,5 34,9 4 15,9 0,9 x x
3/4” 117,5 15,9 82,5 42,9 4 19 1,4 x x
1” 123,8 17,5 88,9 50,8 4 19 1,4 x x
1.1/4” 133,3 19 98,4 63,5 4 19 1,8 x x
1.1/2” 155,6 20,6 114,3 73 4 22,2 2,7 x x
2” 165,1 22,2 127 92,1 8 19 3,6 x x
2.1/2” 190,5 25,4 149,2 104,8 8 22,2 5,4 x x
3” 209,5 28,6 168,3 127 8 22,2 7,3 x x
4” 254 31,8 200 157,2 8 22,2 12,2 x x
5” 279,4 34,9 234,9 185,7 8 22,2 15,9 e e
6” 317,5 36,5 269,9 215,9 12 22,2 22,7 x x
8” 381 41,3 330,2 269,9 12 25,4 36,7 x x
10” 444,5 47,6 387,3 323,8 16 28,6 57 e e
12” 520,7 50,8 450,8 381 16 31,7 84 e e
14” 584,2 54 514,3 412,7 20 31,7 113 e e
16” 647,7 57,2 571,5 469,9 20 34,9 134 e e
18” 711,2 60,3 628,6 533,4 24 34,9 178 e e
20” 774,7 63,5 685,8 584,2 24 34,9 229 e e
24” 914,4 69,8 812,8 692,1 24 41,3 358 e e
95
According to ASTM-A 182 WN/RF 150 LBS
OD flange dimensions in mm bolts weight grades
NW amm
Dmm
bmm
kmm
hmm
mmm
Jmm
gmm
stnr
lmm
kg/stkg/pc 304/L 316/L
1/2” 21,3 88,9 11,1 60,3 47,6 30,2 15,8 34,9 4 15,9 0,9 x x
3/4” 26,7 98,4 12,7 69,8 52,4 38,1 20,8 42,9 4 15,9 0,9 x x
1” 33,5 107,9 14,3 79,4 55,6 49,2 26,7 50,8 4 15,9 1,4 x x
1.1/4” 42,2 117,5 15,9 88,9 57,1 58,7 35,1 63,5 4 15,9 1,4 x x
1.1/2” 48,3 127 17,5 98,4 61,9 65,1 40,9 73 4 15,9 1,8 x x
2” 60,5 152,4 19,1 120,6 63,5 77,8 52,6 92,1 4 19,1 2,7 x x
2.1/2” 73,2 177,8 22,2 139,7 69,8 90,5 62,7 104,8 4 19,1 3,6 x x
3” 88,9 190,5 23,8 152,4 69,8 107,9 78 127 4 19,1 4,5 x x
4” 114,3 228,6 23,8 190,5 76,2 134,9 102,4 157,2 8 19,1 6,8 x x
5” 114,3 254 23,8 215,9 88,9 163,5 128,3 185,7 8 22,2 8,6 x x
6” 168,4 279,4 25,4 241,3 88,9 192,1 154,2 215,9 8 22,2 10,9 x x
8” 219,2 342,9 28,6 298,4 101,6 246,1 202,7 269,9 8 22,2 17,7 x x
10” 273,1 406,4 30,2 362 101,6 304,8 254,5 323,8 12 25,4 23,6 x x
12” 323,9 482,6 31,8 431,8 114,3 365,1 304,8 381 12 25,4 36,3 x x
14” 355,6 533,4 34,9 476,2 127 400 412,7 12 28,6 50 x x
16” 406,4 596,9 36,5 539,7 127 457,2 469,9 16 28,6 64 x x
18” 457,2 635 39,7 577,8 139,7 504,8 533,4 16 31,8 68 x x
20” 508 698,5 42,9 635 144,5 558,8 584,2 20 31,8 81,6 x x
24” 609,6 812,8 47,6 749,3 152,4 663,6 692,1 20 34,9 118 x x
WELDING NECK FLANGES
13. STaNDaRD FlaNge SIzeS
96
13. STaNDaRD FlaNge SIzeS
According to ASTM-A 182 WN/RF 150 LBS
OD flange dimensions in mm bolts weight grades
NW amm
Dmm
bmm
kmm
hmm
mmm
Jmm
gmm
stnr
lmm
kg/stkg/pc 304/L 316/L
1/2” 21,3 95,2 14,3 66,7 52,4 38,1 15,8 34,9 4 15,9 0,9 x x
3/4” 26,7 117,5 15,9 82,5 57,1 47,6 20,8 42,9 4 19,1 1,4 x x
1” 33,5 123,8 17,5 88,9 61,9 54 26,7 50,8 4 19,1 1,8 x x
1.1/4” 42,2 133,4 19,1 98,4 65,1 63,5 35,1 63,5 4 19,1 2,3 x x
1.1/2” 48,3 155,6 20,6 114,3 68,3 69,8 40,9 73 4 22,2 3,2 x x
2” 60,5 165,1 22,2 127 69,8 84,1 52,6 92,1 8 19,1 4,1 x x
2.1/2” 73,2 190,5 25,4 149,2 76,2 100 62,7 104,8 8 22,2 5,4 x x
3” 88,9 210 28,6 168,3 79,4 117,5 78 127 8 22,2 6,8 x x
4” 114,3 254 31,8 200 85,7 146,1 102,4 157,2 8 22,2 11,3 x x
5” 141,2 279,4 34,9 235 98,4 177,8 128,3 185,7 8 22,2 14,5 e e
6” 168,4 317,5 36,5 269,9 98,4 206,4 154,2 215,9 12 22,2 19 x x
8” 219,2 381 41,3 330,2 111,1 260,4 202,7 269,9 12 25,4 30,4 x x
10” 273,1 444,5 47,6 387,3 117,5 320,7 254,5 323,8 16 28,6 41,3 e e
12” 323,9 520,7 50,8 450,8 130,2 374,6 304,8 381 16 31,7 63,5 e e
14” 355,6 584,2 54 514,3 142,9 425,4 412,7 20 31,7 81,6 e e
16” 406,4 647,7 57,2 571,5 146,1 482,6 469,9 20 34,9 113 e e
18” 457,2 711,2 60,3 628,6 158,8 533,4 533,4 24 34,9 145 e e
20” 508 774,7 63,5 685,8 161,9 587,4 584,2 24 34,9 181 e e
24” 609,6 914,4 69,8 812,8 168,3 701,7 692,1 24 41,3 263 e e
97
14. maTeRIal SeleCTION gUIDe
98
Application Protection tube material
APPLICATIONS / PROTECTION TUBE MATERIALS
Heat treatment•Annealing : -upto 704°C Blacksteel -over 704°C Inconel600,SS446•Carburizinghardening :-upto 816°C Blacksteel, SS446 - 1,093°C Inconel600,SS446 -over1,093°C Ceramic -nitridingsaltsbath SS446 -cyanide Nickel(CP) -neutral SS446 -highspeed Ceramic
Iron and Steel•Basicoxygenfurnace Quartz•Blastfurnace:-downcomer Inconel600,SS446-stovedome Siliconcarbide-hotblastmain Inconel600 -stovetrunk Inconel600-stoveoutletflue Blacksteel•Openhearth:-fluesandstack Inconel600,SS446 -checkers Inconel600,cermets-wasteheatboiler Inconel600,SS446•Billetheatingslabheating andbuttwelding : -upto1,093°C Inconel600,SS446 -over1,093°C Siliconceramiccarbide•Brightannealingbatch: -topworktemperature Notrequired(usebarewireJT/C) -bottomworktemperature SS446•Continuousfurnacesection: -forging Siliconceramiccarbide -soakingpits : -upto1,093°C Inconel600 -over1,093°C Siliconceramiccarbide
Nonferrous materials•Aluminiummelting Castiron(white-washed)• Aluminiumheattreating Blacksteel•Brassorbronze Notrequired(usedip-typeT/C)• Lead SS446,blacksteel•Magnesium Blacksteel,castiron• Tin Extraheavycarbonsteel• Zinc Extraheavycarbonsteel
14. maTeRIal SeleCTION gUIDe
99
Application Protection tube material
Cement•Exitflues Inconel600,SS446•Kilns,heatingzone Inconel600
Ceramic•Kilns Ceramicandsiliconcarbide•Dryers Siliconcarbide,blacksteel• Vitreousenamelling Inconel600,SS446
Glass• Forehearthsandfeeders Platinumthimbles• Tanksroofandwall Ceramic• Fluesandcheckers Inconel600,SS446
Paper•Digesters SS316,SS446
Petroleum•Crackinglines SS316•Dewaxing SS304,SS316,SS310,SS321• Towers SS304,SS316,SS310,SS321• Transferlines SS304,SS316,SS310,SS321•Bridgewall Inconel600
Power•Coal-airmixtures SS304• Fluegases Blacksteel,SS446•Preheaters Blacksteel,SS446•Steamlines SS347,SS316•Waterlines Lowcarbonsteel•Boilertubes SS304,SS310
Gas producers•Producergas SS446•Watergas : -carburettor Inconel600,SS446 -superheater Inconel600,SS446
Incinerators : -upto1,093°C Inconel600,SS446 -over 1,093°C Ceramic,siliconcarbide(secondary)
14. maTeRIal SeleCTION gUIDe
Application Protection tube material
100
Food•Bakingovens Blacksteel• Charretort,sugar Blacksteel• Vegetablesandfruit SS304
Chemical•Aceticacid : -10-50%,21°C SS304,HastelloyC,Monel -50%,100°C SS316,HastelloyC,Monel -99%,21-100°C HastelloyC,Monel• Alcohol,ethyl,methyl : 21-100°C SS304• Ammonia :allconcentration,21-100°C SS304,SS316• Ammoniumchloride :allconcentration,100°C SS316,Monel• Ammoniumnitrate :allconcentration,21-100°C SS316• Ammoniumsulphate :10%tosaturated,100°C SS316•Bariumchloride :at21°C Monel,HastelloyC•Bariumhydroxide :at21°C Lowcarbonsteel•Bariumsulphide Nichrome,HastelloyC•Butadiene SS304•Butane SS304•Butylacetate Monel•Butylalcohol Copper,SS304•Calciumchlorate : dilute21to66°C SS304•Calciumhydroxide : -10to20%,100°C SS304,HastelloyC -50%at100°C SS304,HastelloyC•Carbolicacid : all100°C SS316•Chlorinegas : -dryat21°C SS316,Monel -moist-7to100°C HastelloyC•Chromicacid : 10to50%at100°C SS316,HastelloyC•Citricacid : concentratedat100°C SS316,HastelloyC•Coppernitrite SS304,SS316•Coppersulphate SS304,SS316•Cyanogengas SS304•Dowtherm Lowcarbonsteel• Ether SS304•Ethylacetate SS304•Ethylchloride : 21°C SS304,lowcarbonsteel• Ethylsulphate : 21°C Monel• Ferricchloride : 5%,21°Ctoboiling Tantalum,HastelloyC• Ferricsulphate : 5%,21°C SS304• Ferroussulphatedilute : 21°C SS304• Formaldehyde SS304,SS316• Freon Monel•Gallicacid : 5%,21to66°C Monel
14. maTeRIal SeleCTION gUIDe
Application Protection tube material
101
•Gasoline : 21°C SS304•Glucose : 21°C SS304•Glycerin : 21°C SS304•Hydrobromicacid : 98%,100°C HastelloyB•Hydrochloricacid : -1-5%,21°C HastelloyC -1-25%,100°C HastelloyB•Hydrofluoricacid : 60%,100 °C HastelloyC,Monel•Hydrogenperoxide : 21to100 °C SS316,SS304•Hydrogensulphide : wetanddry SS316• Iodine HastelloyC,tantalum•Kerosene SS304• Lacticacid SS316•Magnesiumchloride : -5%,21 °C Monel,nickel -5%,100°C Carpenter20CB3•Magnesiumsulphate : hotandcold Monel•Muraticacid HastelloyB•Naphtha : 21°C SS304•Naturalgas : 21°C SS304,SS316•Nickelchloride : 21°C SS304•Nickelsulphate : hotandcold SS304•Nitricacid : -5%,21 °C SS304,SS316 -20%,21°C SS304,SS316 -50%,100°C SS304,SS316 -65%,100°C SS316 -concentrated,100°C Tantalum•Nitrobenzene SS304•Oleicacid : 21°C SS316•Oxalicacid : -5%hot,cold SS304 -10%,100°C Monel•Oxygen : 21°C • Steel• Palmiticacid SS316•Pentane SS304•Phenol SS304,SS316•Phosphoricacid : -1-5%,21°C SS304 -10%,21°C SS316 -10%,100°C HastelloyC -30%,21-100°C HastelloyB -85%,21-100°C HastelloyB• Picricacid : 21°C SS304•Potassiumbromide : 21°C SS316•Potassiumcarbonite : 1%at21°C SS304,SS316
14. maTeRIal SeleCTION gUIDe
Application Protection tube material
102
•Potassiumhydroxide : -5-25%,21-100°C SS304 -60%at100°C SS316•Potassiumnitrate SS304•Potassiumsulphate : 21°C SS304,SS316•Potassiumsulphide : 21°C SS304,SS316•Propane SS304,lowcarbonsteel• Pyrogallicacid SS304•Quininesulphate : dry SS304•Seawater Monel,HastelloyC•Salicylicacid Nickel• Sodiumbicarbonate : -allconcentration,21°C SS304 -5%at66°C SS304,SS316•Sodiumchloride : -5%,21-66°C SS316 -saturated21-100°C SS316,Monel• Sodiumfluoride : 5%,21°C Monel• Sodiumhydroxide SS304,SS316,HastelloyC•Sodiumnitrate : fused SS316•Sodiumsulphate : 21°C SS304,SS316•Sodiumsulphide : -21°C SS316 -30%,66°C SS304•Sulphurdioxide : -moistgas,21°C SS316 -gas,302°C SS304,SS316•Sulphur : -drymolten SS304 -wet SS316•Sulphuricacid : -5-90%at21-100°C HastelloyB -90%above100°C HastelloyD• Tannicacid : 21°C SS304,HastelloyB• Tartaricacid : -21°C SS304 -66°C SS316• Toluene SS304,lowcarbonsteel• Turpentine SS304,SS316• Vinegar SS316•Waterdistilled : returncondensate SS304•Whiskeyandwine SS304,nickel• Xylene Copper• Zincchloride Monel,HastelloyB• Zincsulphate : -5%,21°C SS304,SS316 -saturated,21°C SS304,SS316
15. COmpaRISON OF Nema aND IeC STaNDaRDS
103
EUROPEAN IEC STANDARDS
NEMA AND IEC STANDARDS
EuropeanIECspecifications144&529definethedegreeofprotectionprovidedtoelectricalenclosurestosafeguardpersonnelagainstelectricshockanequipmentwithintheenclosuresfromenvironmentalcontami-nationsuchasentryofwater.ThisisexpressedbythelettersIPfollowedbytwonumbers.
IntheUSA,NEMAandULhaveestablishedaratingsystemforenclosureswhichprovidesdifferentlevelsofprotection.AdirectcomparisonbetweenIECandNEMAisnotpossiblebutthefollowingtablegivesanap-proximateguide.
IP Definition Protection toIEC 144/855420
Protection to NEMA enclosure type NEMA Definition
Protectionagainstsolidobjectsgreaterthan12mm IP20 NEMA1
(ventilated) generalpurpose
Protectionagainstsolidobjectsgreaterthan2,5mm IP30 NEMA1 generalpurpose
Protectionagainstsolidobjectsgreaterthan12mmanddrippingwater
IP21 NEMA2(ventilated) dripproof
Protectionagainstsolidobjectsgreaterthan2,5mmanddrippingwater
IP31 NEMA2 dripproof
Protectionagainstsolidobjectsgreaterthan12mmanddrippingwater
IP24 NEMA3R(ventilated)
rainproofsleet(ice)resistantoutdooruse
Protectionagainstsolidobjectsgreaterthan2,5mmanddrippingwater
IP34 NEMA3Rrainproofsleet(ice)resistantoutdooruse
Protectionagainstdustandsplashingliquids IP54 - -
Dusttightandprotectedagainstwaterjets IP65 NEMA12
inductusedusttight&driptight
Dusttightandprotectedagainstheavyseas IP66 NEMA35 dusttight
driptight
Dusttightandprotectedagainstheavyseas IP66 NEMA4 dusttight
watertight
- - NEMA4Xdusttightwatertightcorrosionresistant
Dusttightandprotectedagainstwaterentryatonemeterimmersion IP67 - -
Dusttightandprotectedagainstheavysubmersion IP68 NEMA6
submersiblewatertightdusttightsleet(ice)resistantindoor&outdoor
Protectionagainstsleet(ice)notspecifiedbyIEC - NEMA13 oiltight&dusttight
Types of protection
IEC/Europe North America
Zone 0 Exia Div.1Zone0nowrecognised
Exd-flameproofZone 1 Exi-intrinsicsafetyia&ib Exe-increasedsafety
ClassI Typeofprotection:Div.1 explosionproof purged intrinsicsafety oilimmersion
Zone 2 AlltypessuitableforZone0and1 TypeN,ExNorExn
N=BS1998n=EN1999
ClassI Typeofprotection:Div.2 Alltypessuitablefor Div.1andNon-incendive
16. eX gUIDe lINe
104
ATEX approvals
TypeXPS1 ExII2GExeIIT6toT1foruseinzone1and2accordingATEXEN-60079-0-2006andEN-60079-7-2007
TypeXPS2 ExII2GExiaIICT6toT1foruseinzone0,1and2accordingATEXEN-60079-0-2006andEN-60079-11-2007
TypeXPS2 ExII2GExibIICT6toT1foruseinzone0,1and2accordingATEXEN-60079-0-2006andEN-60079-11-2007
TypeXPS3 ExII2GExdIICT6toT1foruseinzone1and2accordingATEXEN-60079-0-2006andEN-60079-1-2007
TypeXPS4 ExII3GExenAIIT6toT1foruseinzone2accordingATEXEN-60079-0-2006andEN-60079-15-2005
IEC/EX approvals
TypeXPS1 ExeIIT6…T1foruseinzone1and2
TypeXPS2 ExiaIICT6…T1foruseinzone0,1and2
TypeXPS2 ExibIICT6…T1foruseinzone0,1and2
TypeXPS3 ExdIICT6…T1foruseinzone1and2
TypeXPS4 ExnAIIT6…T1foruseinzone2
17. aWg WIRe SIze
105
SPECIFICATIONS
Solid Conductors
WiresizeAWG
Diametermm
Circularmm
0 8,25 53,57
2 6,54 33,57
4 5,19 21,23
6 4,12 13,30
8 3,26 8,36
10 2,59 5,26
12 2,05 3,31
14 1,63 2,08
– 1,38 1,50
16 1,29 1,33
18 1,02 0,82
20 0,81 0,52
22 0,64 0,32
24 0,51 0,20
26 0,40 0,13
28 0,32 0,08
30 0,25 0,05
32 0,20 0,03
34 0,16 0,02
36 0,13 0,01
38 0,10 0,008
40 0,08 0,005
Theabovelisteddimensionsarenominalvaluesforcomparisonpurposesonly.
Stranded Conductors
WiresizeAWG
Strandingnxmmdia.
Diametermm
Circularmm
12 7x0,81 2,44 3,65
12 19x0,45 2,37 3,10
– 50x0,26 2,20 2,50
14 7x0,64 1,85 2,28
14 16x0,40 1,85 2,08
14 19x0,36 1,85 1,95
– 48x0,20 1,70 1,50
16 7x0,51 1,52 1,44
16 19x0,29 1,47 1,24
– 7x0,43 1,30 1,00
– 32x0,21 1,38 1,00
17 19x0,25 1,35 0,95
18 7x0,40 1,22 0,90
18 16x0,25 1,19 0,82
18 19x0,25 1,24 0,97
– 24x0,21 1,20 0,75
20 7x0,30 0,95 0,52
20 16x0,20 0,93 0,50
20 19x0,20 0,94 0,62
24 7x0,20 0,61 0,23
24 19x0,13 0,61 0,24
26 7x0,16 0,48 0,14
28 7x0,13 0,38 0,07
30 7x0,10 0,30 0,057
32 7x0,08 0,22 0,034
34 7x0,06 0,19 0,022
36 7x0,05 0,15 0,014
Thermo Electric standard wire sizes*
Solid(t/c) 14,16,20,24and30AWG
Stranded 16,20and24AWG(t/c)14,16,18and20AWG(Cu)
* Othersizesareavailableonrequestoras‘nonstandard’wirefromstock. FormoreinformationcontactDoedijnsInstrumentation(brandThermoElectric).
ATEX approvals
TypeXPS1 ExII2GExeIIT6toT1foruseinzone1and2accordingATEXEN-60079-0-2006andEN-60079-7-2007
TypeXPS2 ExII2GExiaIICT6toT1foruseinzone0,1and2accordingATEXEN-60079-0-2006andEN-60079-11-2007
TypeXPS2 ExII2GExibIICT6toT1foruseinzone0,1and2accordingATEXEN-60079-0-2006andEN-60079-11-2007
TypeXPS3 ExII2GExdIICT6toT1foruseinzone1and2accordingATEXEN-60079-0-2006andEN-60079-1-2007
TypeXPS4 ExII3GExenAIIT6toT1foruseinzone2accordingATEXEN-60079-0-2006andEN-60079-15-2005
IEC/EX approvals
TypeXPS1 ExeIIT6…T1foruseinzone1and2
TypeXPS2 ExiaIICT6…T1foruseinzone0,1and2
TypeXPS2 ExibIICT6…T1foruseinzone0,1and2
TypeXPS3 ExdIICT6…T1foruseinzone1and2
TypeXPS4 ExnAIIT6…T1foruseinzone2
COlOUR CODINg 18. INTeRNaTIONal THeRmOCOUple
106
THERMOCOUPLE COLOUR CODING
Thermocouple Extension Type ANSI BS DIN NFC JIS IEC
JX+ Iron
- Constantan ®
KX+ Chromel ®
- Alumel ®
WX / KCA+ Iron
- Copper Ni
VX / KCB+ Copper
- Copper Ni
TX+ Copper
- Constantan ®
EX+ Chromel ®
- Constantan ®
NX+ Nicrosil ®
- Nisil ®
SX / RX+ Copper
- Alloy 11
BX+ Copper-S
- Copper-E
107
Multipoint produced on-site
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Doedijns International B.V.
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