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TELLUS HOLDINGS LTD
The Use of Geological Repositories for the Storage, Recovery and Permanent Isolation of Hazardous Waste
Industry Technical Briefing - Perth
Maurice Sauzier, Business Development ManagerSteve Reece, Technical Services ManagerMike Ingram, Sandy Ridge Project LeaderJason Holmes, Group Manager Buss Dev. Toll Group
29th November 2016
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Safety and qualityTellus’ strategy is safety first and we maintain internationally recognized management systems
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Content
The use of Geological Repositories for the Permanent Isolation of Hazardous and Intractable Wastes
Welcome to Tellus & Safety message Maurice Sauzier Regional Business Development Manager
Tellus History & Overview Steve Reece Technical Services Manager
The basis for geological repositories Steve Reece Technical Services Manager
WAC & Safety Case Steve Reece Technical Services Manager
Sandy Ridge Project Mike Ingram Sandy Ridge Project Leader
Logistics Jason Holmes Group Manager Buss Dev. Toll Group
What does this mean for our customers? Steve Reece Technical Services Manager
Q&A All
Case Study – Deep Geological Disposal Steve Reece Technical Services Manager
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Tellus History and Overview
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Tellus Holdings Overview
Vision• In the business of creating economic, social and
environmental value from hazardous waste, clay and salt• Public unlisted infrastructure development company (2009)
National network of strategically located
“hub and spoke” scalable facilities
• Mt Walton Intractable Waste Disposal Facility (IWDF)-ClayVault 50/50 JV operator of WA Gov. site – existing
• National warehouse network – 8 existing sites (Toll)• Sandy Ridge project (WA) • Chandler project (NT)
Customer Value Add Proposition
• Permanently isolate difficult to manage waste using environmentally sound management principals, remove customer’s contingent liability & save the customer money
Tellus’ Geological Repositories
• Store & permanently isolate mostly hazardous chem. waste • Geological disposal in dry remote clay or salt beds via a
multi-barrier safety system that is passively safe
Established “Utility Style” Business
Model
• Tellus' business model follows world's best practice solutions operating in Europe and North America
• Geological repositories use natural barriers to permanently isolate waste, something a man-made barrier cannot
WA Gov.’s IWDF (ClayVault 50/50 JV) Sandy Ridge (WA) National Warehouses (Toll) Chandler (NT)
Source: IWDF Source: Toll warehouse Source: Chandler Concept Design Source: Sandy Ridge Concept Design
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Ex Shell, NSW Minerals CouncilVIC Haz Waste Consult. Committee
Ex Head-AMP Capital Investors, CEO Tenix Infrast. & Lend Lease Capital
Philip GarlingNon Executive Chairman
Duncan van der MerweGroup MD
Ron Sifton Advisor
Dr Nikki WilliamsNED
EX CFO Newalta, Canada’s biggest salt storage operator
Experienced Board and management team with key individuals retaining a proven global track record developing salt and kaolin mines and infrastructure projects
Noel DavisMD ClayVault WA
Ex WA Environmental Regulator, Managed only Class V waste facility
Highly Experienced Board and Team
Tellus founder, Ex Gencor (Billiton)Bank of Scotland & Nobles Group
Ex SLR, KMH Environmental and WYG
Ex BD Coffey Environmental, IBM
Robert CharterRegional BD Manager
Richard McAreeGM Sales & Marketing
Maurice SauzierRegional BD Manager
Ex. Coffey Int. Wesfarmers Ltd (CSBP), International SOS, Falck, Sonic Health
Jaime LiveseyProject Admin./ Snr Geologist
Ex EPMS, Project Manager at WA Kaolin
Mike IngramSandy Ridge Project Manager
Ex Wiltshire Geological, Schlumberger, TerraSearch
Steve ReeceTechnical Services Manager
Ex Compass Minerals -Managed UK salt & MinosusUnderground waste facility for 14 yrs
Richie PhillipsEnvironmental Approvals Mgr
Senior Environmental Scientist, Ex GHD, URS, and WS
Jonathan FisherCFO & Company Secretary
Project Finance expertise, ex Rothschild Infrastructure, Atlas Iron
Steve HoskingChandler Project Manager
Experienced BFS Study Leader, Ex Atlas Iron, BHP
Katriina TahkaHuman Resources
Co-CEO of A Human Agency & provides HR advice & strategy
Henriette RossouwOccupational Hygienist
12 years exper. Occup. Hygienist & Rad. Safety Specialist in waste, infrastr. & mining
Joe LuxfordUnderground Advisor
40 years of experience in mining ops & project development
20 years of experience in office admin. & accounting
Claudia KnightsOffice Manager
Ex CEO/ MD Brambles Industrial Services & Cleanaway Australia, Ex Chair WSN
Chris BerkefeldNED
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Geological Repositories
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What is a Geological Repository?Geological repositories are increasingly seen as a method of permanently isolating difficult to manage wastes
Principle benefits of geological repositories?
Provide the highest levels of containment principally through the use of carefully selected natural geological barriers
Multi-barrier “deep salt” or “arid near-surface clay” geological repository can permanently isolate waste from the biosphere, something a man made barrier alone can not
Salt and clay geological repositories do not require ongoing monitoring after the end of an institutional control period as they are passively safe.
By storing “like with like” this creates opportunity for future recycling/ recovery of valuable materials (“A geological repository today is a potential future mine of tomorrow”)
There is no ongoing potential liability as there is a permanent isolation of the waste from the biosphere in the geological barrier - considered “best practice”
Source: IWDF Source: Sandy Ridge Concept Design Source: Chandler Concept Design
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Arid Near Surface Geological Repositories
*Post ICP = Post Institutional Control Period is the period following the institutional control period (with restricted access) where there could be unrestricted access to and use of the site for agreed uses (eg. grazing)
What is a Geological Repository?
Underground storage or disposal of waste that relies on a thick, dry, geologically stable and extensive natural geological barriers and man made barriers
Long life solution, natural barrier that isolates waste from the biosphere safely & permanently
Very low risk of groundwater contamination
Once site is closed, it requires no ongoing monitoring (post ICP*) and is passively safe
Natural geological liner thickness ~14m or more (Tellus clay) and lifespan of containment – hundreds of thousands to millions of years
Can issue permanent isolation / disposal certificates – hence can remove customer liability
Globally considered “best practice” for both hazardous and radioactive waste
Why are Geological Repositories superior toEngineered Landfills?
Landfill relies on man made barriers that can often be thin, have surface and ground water issues and are not geologically extensive or stable
Short life solution that cannot permanently isolate waste from the biosphere
Risk of groundwater contamination (pollution risk if no liner or when liner breaks)
Once site is closed, it requires ongoing monitoring and maintenance
Typical landfill liner thickness ~1.5m or less, and lifespan of containment – 10-30 years
Do not issue permanent isolation / disposal certificates (hence cannot remove liability from customer balance sheet)
Not considered to be best practice (hazardous waste is being banned from landfill)
Geological Repository – Arid Near Surface Clay (Sandy Ridge) Engineered Landfill
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EU Waste Acceptance Criteria(2003/33/EC)
“….in salt mines, the salt is considered to provide total containment”. 2
Proven Low Risk Technology
150 projects worldwide
Europe a leader in UG salt storage – Germany 20 mines
Tellus business model and technology is proven international best practice
Source: Salt - Minosus (UK) Source: Salt - Minosus (UK)Source: Clay- IWDF (Australia)Source: Clay- (France, Andra, Cires) S: Salt – K+S Entsorgung (Germany)
1 Source: PRACTICAL SOURCEBOOK ON MERCURY WASTE STORAGE AND DISPOSAL, United Nations Environment Programme, 2015 – page 59, 2 Source: COUNCIL DECISION of 19 December 2002 establishing criteria and procedures for the acceptance of waste at landfills pursuant to Article 16 of and Annex II to Directive 1999/31/EC (2003/33/EC), THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION - Appendix A Section 3.1
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Safety Case
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Safety CaseSafety cases for the Tellus facilities is based on a multi barrier concept, underpinned by geology,
hydrogeology, operational procedures and an arid climate
Transport Operations Operations Closure & Control Period
Extensive Clay and Salt bedsPackaging
Engineered barriers during operations Natural barriers
• Tellus’ safety case draws on best practice examples developed around the world
• Based on strict waste acceptance criteria
• Combination of engineered and natural barriers (multi-barrier system),
• Store like with like materials, for operational safety and to create opportunities for the future potential recovery of valuable materials
• Waste that can not be recycled can be permanent isolated
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Sandy Ridge Multi Barrier SystemCells are un-lined and rely on the natural environment and materials to exclude water. This design permanently isolates the waste. Recent expert peer review – “ international best practice facility”
Cells in construction with waste placement under cover
High integrity cell caps installed– site passively safe
Waste placement taking place with clay installed over waste
Multi barrier system
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Waste Acceptance Criteria
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Waste Acceptance
Sectors serviced
Mining, Oil & Gas
Manufacturing (Heavy Industry, chemicals)
Utilities (electricity, gas, water, waste management - includes household haz waste)
Agricultural, forestry, fishing, scientific services
Government (Fed/State & Local including SES)
Healthcare, Media Telecoms & Technology
Tellus is bringing “world’s best practice” solutions to a difficult to manage problem
Sandy Ridge - wastes accepted and excluded
Chemical waste (NEPM Schedule A List 1: Waste categories) Yes
Naturally occurring radioactive waste (“NORM”) - LLW level Yes
Low level radioactive waste (LLW) Yes
Intermediate (ILW) & High level radioactive waste (HLW) No
Chandler - wastes accepted and excluded
Chemical waste (NEPM Schedule A List 1: Waste categories) Yes
Naturally occurring radioactive waste (“NORM”) – Exemption Level Yes
Nuclear Waste (enriched uranium & plutonium) - LLW, ILW, HLW No
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Sandy Ridge Waste Acceptance CriteriaChemical Wastes ( = accepted, = not accepted. 1= normally excluded but possibly suitable1)
Accepted on site (temporary
storage)
Suitable for long term storage or permanent
isolation in a waste cell
• Chemical wastes subject to meeting the characteristics criteria • Liquid and sludges 1
• Explosive wastes 1
• Flammable liquids or solids 1
• Self combusting wastes or wastes that can generate a gas-air mixture which is toxic or explosive 1
• Highly corrosive or oxidizing
• Gases
• Infectious waste eg. hospital waste and body parts
• Biodegradable wastes capable of being broken down by microorganisms eg sewerage, abattoir waste
• Putrescible wastes which rot such eg. household rubbish
• Uncertified waste which can not be identified or has not undergone characterisation testing
• Reacts with the repository geology such as dissolving it or producing a gas
1Normally excluded unless modified before disposal or during disposal so the operational or post closure safety of the waste cell and facility is not compromised2 Classification of Radioactive Waste – ARPANSA RPS20
Radioactive wastes2 ( = accepted, = not accepted)Accepted on site
(temporary storage)
Suitable for long term storage or permanent
isolation in a waste cell
• Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) up to LLW activity levels such as titanium processing
• Low level Waste (LLW) eg. smoke detectors, exit signs, industrial gauges and medical isotopes
• Intermediate level waste (ILW) eg. reprocessed spent nuclear fuel & components with high radioactivity levels
• High level waste (HLW) eg. spent nuclear fuel
• Nuclear waste eg. power generation and defense use
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Waste Packaging CriteriaMaterials always transported “like with like” in safe containers that meet regulatory standerds
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Waste Acceptance Procedure
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Waste ZoningZoning approach allows safe storage and isolation of materials that have been accepted against criteria
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Hazardous Waste – Further InformationTellus has the ability to store, recover and permanently isolate a broad range of hazardous materials across
many different industry groups
STORAGE AND PERMANENT ISOLATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
USING GEOLOGICAL REPOSITORIES
Fly Ash
STORAGE AND PERMANENT ISOLATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
USING GEOLOGICAL REPOSITORIES
Mercury and Mercury Compounds
STORAGE AND PERMANENT ISOLATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
USING GEOLOGICAL REPOSITORIES
NORM Waste
STORAGE AND PERMANENT ISOLATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
USING GEOLOGICAL REPOSITORIES
Inorganic Chemicals
(NEPM Type D)
Example NEPM Waste Types and Specific Wastes
• Type A - Plating and Heat Treatment • Asbestos
• Type B - Acids • Pesticides
• Type C - Alkalis • Fly Ash
• Type D - Inorganic Chemicals • Mercury
• Type F - Paints, Resins and Inks • NORM
• Type G - Organic Solvents • Pesticides
• Type J - Oils • PFAS
• Type M – Organic Chemicals • Spent Pot Lining
• Type N – Soil & Sludge • Sealed Sources (LLW)
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• General description(s) of material including MSDS/DG code if available
• Has the material been characterised to a sufficient level of detail to allow initial screening against Tellus Waste Acceptance Criteria?
• What is the volume/tonnage of material currently requiring management?
• What location(s) is the material currently stored at?
• What physical form is the material currently stored in?
• How is the material currently stored? (undercover/open air etc.)
• How is it currently packaged (if any packaging)?
• What is the required timescale for removal of material from their current location(s)
• Does the material require permanent isolation (disposal)?
• Does the material need to be stored at Tellus site for future retrieval?
• Will there be future arising’s of this material which also need to be managed?
Typical Information RequirementsTypical information required in order to provide proposal
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Liquid Immobilisation
Sludge pit wastes (client sample)
Tellus kaolin blend recipe
Example of a refinery with tank farm Tank farm sludge (client sample) Example of a refinery with sludge pit
Lab. scale experiments (Germany) Strength and free liquid tests Tests confirm immobilisation
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Sandy Ridge Project
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Sandy Ridge Project Location
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Sandy Ridge Project Overview
Category Detail
Location• 140 km NW of Kalgoorlie• 7.6 km from the existing IWDF (same
geology)
Business
• Haz. waste storage, recovery and permanent isolation (mostly chem.waste but also small vol. NORM & LLW)
• Potential for kaolin sales (ceramics, paint, immobilizer)
Capacity • 100 k tpa waste licence (Ave: 66 k tpa)• Future expansion potential
Life of Project
• 25 years rolling operational terms• Potential project life is
multi-generational (>100 years)
Facility• Open cell with mobile roof
(dry placement)• Cell size: ~50 k t / cell
Jobs
• Construction: 90 (including indirect) • Production: 21 growing to 35 FTE • Indirect: >50• DIDO from Kalgoorlie, Coolgardie &
Southern Cross
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Sandy Ridge Facility
After 11 years of operations
Waste Inspection Building
Low Level Rad. Materials Store
Weighbridge
Admin office and Inspection Gate
Container Yard
Kaolin Process Plant and Store
Kaolin Ore Stockpile
Services Area (fuel, power, water,
maintenance)
Technology Park (future)
Accommodation Village (1.8km)
Water Ponds and Wash-down
Water Supply (12km)
Active Mine Pit
Active Waste Cell 1st Cell being Rehabilitated
Closed Cells (monitoring phase)
After 11 years of operations
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Mining
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Waste Placement
Backfill over placed waste
LLR waste isolation shaft construction
Container un-loading
Empty container returned to the surface
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Backfill and Capping
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Rehabilitation and Closure
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Tellus Next Steps
May 2018
Sandy Ridge operations
commence -first waste placement
Jan. 2013 – Oct. 2016
3.5 years of feasibility studies, government
engagement, licencing and approvals processes
June 2016
Lodged PER, start of final
environmental approvals process
July 2017
Sandy Ridge Ministerial Approval
(expected)
August 2017
Development financing for Sandy Ridge
arranged
Sept. 2017
Toll warehouses open for Tellus
customers –
October 2018
Sandy Ridge total build complete
Sandy Ridge: feasibility study progress
2014
Scoping Study (FEL 1)
August 2016
Interim Bankable
Feasibility Study (BFS - FEL 2.5)
July 2017
(BFS - FEL 3)2015
Pre-Feasibility Study (FEL 2)
Sandy Ridge: regulatory and corporate approvals progress
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Community Consultation Heritage Surveys, Site Visits, community consultation
Indigenous business opportunities Support environmental program -30 rangers Sponsorship of ‘Exploring with Kids on Country’ film – cultural and environmental learnings
Community Engagement – WA
Supporting local businesses
Tellus supports training, local jobs and business, investment and regional development in the Goldfields region
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Logistics
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National Storage and Transfer Facility Network
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Toll “Hub and Spoke” Collaboration
Tellus Board inspecting Toll equipment
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Integrated Supply Chains Core To Our Strategy
Seamless End-to-end Management of Goods & Information
Objective
Rationale
Evolution
Own or control / coordinate critical value points along the supply chain
Customers want transparency & control(1) across complex supply chains
Change in focus from single country to cross-border and multi product
(1) Over physical assets and information in relation to those assets
Warehousing
Suppliers Land Transport
Consolidation hub & value added processing
EXPORT ActivitiesPorts, stevedoring & freight
forwarding
IMPORT ActivitiesPorts, stevedoring & customs
clearance
International Transportation Sea & Air Freight
De/consolidation hubs, cross dock & value added
processing
End Customers
Warehousing/ Local
manufacturing
Primary/ Secondary
DistributionLand Transport
Order (Origin services) (Cross-border services) (Destination services) Delivery
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Safety is one of our core values, it’s at the heart of everything we do
Safety
At Toll we believe that all injuries are preventable and that no task
is so important that it can’t be done safely.
We believe that everyone has the right to go home safely and together we make it happen.
• Toll is committed to a safety first culture • The safety of our staff and contractors
representing us and the communities in which we operate is our priority
• Toll’s strong focus on engaging our employees and improving safety leadership skills has led to improvement in a wide range of safety performance measures
Think safe. Act safe. Be safe. is our united One Toll strategic approach to managing health and safety across the Group
Safety is in your hands.
Safety is in your hands –2015 Toll Safety Campaign
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Chain of Responsibility - Why Toll Should be the Carrier of ChoiceCommitment to safety and reasonable steps:• Speed management standard: use of GPS monitoring (or ‘black box’ technology) to
monitor and manage driver speed and fatigue• Purpose-built residential facilities so drivers can take rest (e.g. Dubbo facility)• Use of DSS technology to monitor eye-lid movement for fatigue management in high-
risk sectors such as mining• In-truck and outward-facing cameras to measure G-force events to enable incident
investigation and proactive management• ICAM investigation• Online Safe Driving Plans• Constant monitoring of legal variation/derogation• Strict compliance standards for speed limiters• Engineering out distraction: project with MUARC• Load restraint guidelines specific to load profile• Ongoing consultation with industry associations, regulators, enforcement agencies and
unions to ensure best practice and continuous improvement.
Toll’s service isn’t just moving your goods efficiently, it’s peace of mind
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Karratha
WA Linehaul RoutesWA Key transport hubs
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People
• 21,000+ Australia / New Zealand• 40,000+ globally
Service Offering
• Extensive road, rail, sea and air linehaul transportation
• Licensed DG facilities for waste storage• Liquids distribution• International freight forwarding and
customs clearance • Remote and resource logistics• Offshore and onshore logistics• Transport management services via a
single online platform
Infrastructure
• 1,200+ facilities globally and 700 + nationally including comprehensive regional network
• Over 25,000+ fleet and equipment• 13+ shipping vessels • Fleet of 35 freighter aircraft, over 240
flights per day to 131 airports and access to major passenger airline belly space
• 3,000,000 m2 warehouse space
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40Integrated Logistics Solutions
Tellus / Toll Combined Network Model
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What Does This Mean For our Customers?
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Tellus and the circular economyTellus’ Geological Repositories can uniquely meet both ESM solutions and support the circular economy
“Applying Environmentally Sound Management principles may result in a lower option in the hierarchybeing chosen but result in a better overallenvironmental outcome” UK Government - DEFRA
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Removing contingent liability, freeing up the balance sheet, reducing costs, improving operational , health and safety management and social licence to operate
Removing Contingent Liability from Clients
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Removing Contingent Liability from ClientsTellus’ Clients Generate Significant Liabilities That Aren’t Easily Removed
Tellus Removes its Clients’ Liabilities by Issuing Permanent Isolation Certificates
Operational Liability
• Liability arises through approvals obligations, generation of waste and rehabilitation requirements
LegalLiability
• Liability is a consequence of Operational Liability and encompasses legal title, duty of care, Directors’ duties, etc.
FinancialLiability
• Liability recognised on clients’ balance sheets, which negatively impacts financial health and ability to optimise capital structure
Permanent Isolation in Repository
• Tellus permanently isolates clients’ waste in a geological repository, employing best practice and proven methodology
Issuance of Perm. Isol. Cert. (PIC)
• Tellus issues client a PIC, which absolves the client of its hazardous waste liability resulting in a net gain
Removal of Financial Liability
• Tellus solves a valuable problem for its clients by removing financial liability from the balance sheet and improving clients’ financial positions
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Other Benefits to Clients?
Tellus Solutions
Reduce corporate and director liability and increasing senior management: Tellus issue’s Acceptance, Storage, Recovery and Permanent Isolation CertificatesEvidence used during financial and compliance audit
Certificates reduce or remove contingent liability (lower financial risk, frees up the balance sheet – AASB* 137 and internationally IAS37)Provide simple and cost effective solutions with long term price predictability
Sustainable and safe solution – (improved reputational, operational, safety risk mgt and removes the regulatory complexity from your site)
Utilising a geological repository with a sustainability technology park improves your sociallicense to operate provides confidence of your stakeholders (lowers reputational risk)
Simple solution – if you can package it and it meets our acceptance criteria, we can take it
Emergency service facility for man made & natural disasters (improved financial, reputational, op’s, health & safety risk mgt – BP Deepwater well, Brazil BHP/ Vale Samarco)
Limited number of affordable safe & secure facilities that permanently solve the problem
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Questions and Discussion
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Contact Details
Maurice Sauzier
Business Development ManagerE: [email protected]
A: Level 34, Exchange Tower, 2 The Esplanade, Perth, WA 6000
T: +61 2 8257 3395 F: +61 2 8233 6199
www.tellusholdings.com.au
Steve Reece
Technical Services ManagerE: [email protected]
A: Suite 2, Level 10, 151 Castlereagh Street, Sydney, NSW, 2000
T: +61 2 8257 3395 F: +61 2 8233 6199
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Deep Geological Repositories – Case Study
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Chandler Proposal (NT)
1.5 km
3.2 km
1.8 km
0.8 km
Unique assets: Waste permanently isolated in a ~ 500 million year old salt bedGeology: Salt bed ~ 800m deep, ~ 250m thick, ~ 18km wide, salt bed (length unknown)Aquifer and climate: No aquifers have passed through the salt bed over the last ~ 500 million years. Located in an arid areaInfrastructure: Next to Darwin to Adelaide railway line
860 m downcast (salt production shaft)820 m upcast shaft (ventilation)5,760 m decline (waste and ventilation)
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Winsford Rocksalt Mine - UKLargest salt mine in the UK - operating for over 170 years – combined mining and storage business.
Mining by drill and blasting
Operating since 1844Salt for snow and ice clearance in winter
Mining with continuous miners Large underground voids created
Located in rural part of NW England
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Alternative Mine Uses (AMU)
Concept of alternative uses of the underground void first identified in 1990’s
Deepstore launched in 1997
The first Alternative Mine Use (AMU)Mining areas after clean up
Storage room construction in progress Documents arriving for archiving
Room and pillar system >23M m3
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MinosusMinosus JV set up by Salt Union Ltd and Veolia for storage and disposal of hazardous wastes
Level 3 verification testing
APC from Energy from Waste plants Secure receiving facility constructed
WAC met – waste loaded for underground APC delivered in bulk - packed on site
Underutilised existing shaft
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Minosus – Dry Packaged PlacementMultiple packages taken underground and placed into secure permanent isolation location
Containers opened in sealed storage room
Containers being driven to disposal areaContainers received 200m below ground
APC bags “pyramid stacked” Monitoring of underground atmosphere
Transit containers moved into mine shaft
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Germany – Hydraulic BackfillingAPC residues used extensively as mine backfill incorporating liquid wastes as part of the recipe
Testing of backfill recipes
Liquid waste receiving tanksAPC residues being unloaded
Surface mixing and pumping plant APC backfill in disposal room
Bulk receiving of APC and liquid waste
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Chandler Multi barrier systemCombination of engineered and geological barriers provide permeant isolation
High integrity sealing systems
Multi barrier isolation system
Salt backfill and creep
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Chandler Safety Case Approach
Salt creepWaste Acceptance Criteria Sealing Strategy
Geotechnical analysis Operational performance FEP analysis Post closure performance analysis