technology transfer and ip in hungary - with special regard to universities and other public...
TRANSCRIPT
Technology transfer and IP in Hungary- with special regard to universities and other public research organisations
András JókútiHungarian Intellectual Property Office
Belgrade, 30 October 2012
Content
Facts about the research system in Hungary– The structure of science management in Hungary– Most important higher education institutions– The Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Certain knowledge transfer figures– Science and innovation profile of Hungary– R&D expenditure– Number and ratio of R&D employees
The knowledge transfer performance– IPR performance of PROs in Hungary– IPR performance of universities
Regulatory background of IP management in HU– IP management of PROs in Hungary – Innovation Act– Consequences of Innovation Act
HIPO and technology transfer Challenges and recommendations
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Science management in Hungary
2010-2012: National Research Innovation and Science Policy Council (terminated in July 2012)
Financing issues currently covered by the Government Committee of National Development
Advisory Board for Innovation (working for the MNE) Hungarian Academy of Sciences Higher Education Technology and Knowledge Transfer Forum
(formed on 17 October 2012)– mission: TT awareness raising, sharing of knowledge, common
methodology– members: any willing higher education institution may join– permanent invitees: HITA, HIPO, NIO, MNE
R&D&I related calls for application (EU funding, managed by the National Development Agency)
– Innovative start-ups, R&D&I umbrella projects, market-oriented R&D activities (industrial property call currently on hold)
– R&D certification from HIPO or novelty search taken into account
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Higher Education Institutions
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Szécheny IstvánUniversity in Győr
University of Western Hungary
in Sopron
University of Veszprém
College of Dunaújváros
University of Pécs
Eötvös Loránd UniversityBudapest Technical UniversityBudapest Technical College
Szent IstvánUniversity in Gödöllő
Kecskemét College
University of SzegedEötvös József College in Baja
University of Miskolc
University of Nyíregyháza
University of Debrecen
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
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Main responsibilites: supporting and representing various scientific fields distributing scientific results establishing connection between Hungarian and international research
Organisation: 15 research centres and institutes subsidised research units at universities
Science and innovation profile of Hungary
Hungary: ______________ OECD average: ---------- Source: OECD STI Outlook 2010
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R&D expenditure in Hungary
Source of R&D funding (2011):
Government: 38,1%Enterprises: 47,5%Financed by abroad: 13,4%
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Number and ratio of R&D employees by sectors
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IPR performance of PROs in Hungary
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IPR activity 2009 2010 2011Patent applications (national route)
756 646 660
Applications filed by HAS
18 4 11
Applications filed by other PROs
31 12 39
IPR performance of universities I
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Service inventions and patent applications (2005-2010)
IPR performance of universities II
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Commercialization of IPRs at universities(2005-2010)
IP management of PROs in Hungary
2004 Innovation Act– PROs shall adopt an intellectual property rights
management policy (IPR Policy) to become entitled to apply for subsidies and to transfer the intellectual property to a spin-off
– setting up a legal framework for spin-off companies
– PRO-employed researcher can work for a spin-off company
– a guide to facilitate the elaboration of individual IPR Policies
– [since 2012: R&D evaluation service at HIPO]
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Consequences of Innovation Act
PROs set up internal IP policy– Positive:
• addressing the most basic issues• obligatory for researchers to know basics of IP
– Negative: • forced condition, not internal initiative• lack of experience with wording it right
HIPO’s guide with setting up standard IP policy Establishing TTOs at PROs
– primarily at universities– mostly State financed or EU support (2010
grants for regions)
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NPO challenges in providing TT support
Technology transfer is a very complex field
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Most NPO’s expertise
is concentrated on IP and law
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HIPO’s situation in technology transfer
Role is not clearly defined by law No background/history of
cooperation/support of PROs in this field Unknown territory with a lot of
uncertain factors Limited financial and human
resources
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HIPO’s approach to TT
Acknowledging the importance of TT Supports the country’s economic development Contributes to the utilization of research
results generated from public money Contributes to the life of the greater public
Well understood self interest in motivating patenting activities
TT is unwritten priority for HIPO
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Fields of HIPO services to support TT
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Raising awareness
Awareness activities for researchers and students
Training of TTO staff Intermediate/advanced level IP
course Database trainings
Support in writing university’s internal IP booklet
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IP services
Professional advice on IP matters within cooperation frameworks
Standard IP services bundled on reduced price for TTOs Novelty Search Preliminary Patentability Report Validity Search Freedom to Operate Search
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Enabling services
Development of standard IP pre-assessment methodology pre-screen inventions and decide on the next
steps quick but thorough helps putting together documentation for
patent filing
Support with IP management documentation invention form standard contracts standard license agreements
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Development of enabling services
TTO pilot project gain experience with the help of EPO’s
expertise and financial support access to best practices of other countries lessons learnt help re-focus activity
Co-operation with PRO TTOs in Hungary co-operation framework with universities
defined by annual work plan participation at regular meetings of
Hungarian TTOs organization of conferences in the field of TT
for TTOs
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Bigger picture: expected results
Make the present service offering standard certain elements are in test phase need to be available for all PROs
Further develop the present service portfolio based on best practices
Extend the cooperation to more universities
Develop stronger cooperation with PROs with the help of this new link
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Challenges and recommendations
Difficulties and challenges for PRO TTOs
Funds are running out – no alternative resources Time was too short
• not enough for TTOs to gain solid ground• not enough to build relationships, networks
Weak ties to economy No trained TT professionals
• no history/background rooted in the culture and economy of the country
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Challenges and recommendations
Difficulties of the management of PROs’ IP on a national level
– shortage of dedicated funding, majority of PRO R&D funding is based on state grants
– direction of development is determined by state grants not institutional initiatives
– often restructured system to finance and manage the research field– lack of TT focused education = lack of TT professionals– system of TTOs is fragmented, lack of critical mass, resulting in
inefficiency– legal regulation for spin-off companies is not in accordance with the
international practices
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Challenges and recommendations
Difficulties of the management of PROs’ IPRon an institutional level
– the protection of the rights of the inventors is not properly defined– institutional regulations were formally set up but did not change past habits– regulations are not clear about the IP rights of PhD students either during or
after their studies– legal relations (especially licenses) are not clear, creating legal disputes– reward system to motivate the inventors is inadequate [though remuneration
for service inventions is higher than the international average – approx. 30% of revenues against 3-5% or (lump sum + „bestseller clause”)]
– no measures to sanction underperformance in research work– insufficient level of IP knowledge among researchers (early publication is
favoured against patenting)– conflict of interest – effect of private funding on research results in the
absence of a financial disclosure statement
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